give me some hand but what can you tell me about the mystery where there are two great trends one is alternative energy something greater than wins solar geothermal biofuel that's the big game changer because geopolitics changes as well would be americans be in iraq if their major export was broccoli and they weren't sitting on the world's second largest oil reserves the other mystery as we say no the hand that feeds we're going to see more and more of the organic food movement to buy local movement it's going to be one of the biggest entrepreneurial opportunities and also the whole different way of growing whether it's from roof gardens and as we said before people tearing up their lawns with grass that's useless that you can't grow to eat or smoke you're going to start seeing more and more

vegetables and gardens being produced from a plenty thank you very much for taking the time to speak with r.t. at the start of this new year well thank you. brighton if you move. from funds to. start on t.v. don't come. in

some parties available in. europe grand hotel emerald marco polo club school who took photos of the big gold. planets. kempinski twenty to. thirty times. inside the remaining. forty one ships already being towed by two ice breakers to be free but harsh

weather conditions are hampering the process. claims planned cuts to the u.s. defense budget go ahead if big business gets its way despite more than half of americans opposing the country's borders. and the traditional. paul says the elderly is suffering financially more than any other group small pensions and low interest on saving too many to retire. next violence gets more and more explicit we look at how movies and video games are pushing boundaries but also straining people psychology to limit this program contains some graphic images.

ever since hollywood had sad reviews in a late night to twenty's debate has raged about the impact of violent media on our minds and our behavior from alarm about violence in movies in the one nine hundred thirty s. to concerns about the acceleration of violent content across virtually the entire media landscape today hundreds of studies and countless congressional hearings have looked at the issue of media files and always seem to end up at the same place as anyone disagree with that conclusion that violence in films for updates violent conduct on behalf of the children. a debate about whether those exposed to media violence are prone to imitate and whether media is to blame for society's skills but for all the endless debate a basic question remains. is the issue really about whether we imitate what we

see and if that's the case why do the vast majority of us watch t.v. and never commit a violent act. this film looks at the work of a man who took a more complicated look at the issue of media violence as a. matter of. deciding. to do. george herbert was exposure to violence came early and on an epic scale first when as a young man he fled to the united states from his native hungary to escape fascism . then

a short time later when he enlisted in the us army to fight in world war two. going on to earn the bronze star for bravery as a member of the office of strategic services for parachuting into enemy territory under heavy fire in one of the war's bloodiest battles. with his war experience behind him group who would spend the rest of his life trying to understand violence specifically how the portrayal of violence through images and stories affected our consciousness and behavior in the real world he rose to prominence as one of the world's foremost media scholars serving as dean of the annenberg school for communication at the university of pennsylvania for twenty five years and directing one of the most important and influential research efforts

ever undertaken to understand the effects of television he called it the cultural indicators research project since it began in the late one nine hundred sixty s. the cultural indicators project has systematically tracked media violence and measured its impact on the perceptions in attitudes of the viewers. and what gardiner and his colleagues found was that exposure to media violence seemed to have more complicated effects than simply causing people to act violently effects rooted not only in the quantity of violence in the media but also in its quality in how it was portrayed in the stories these simulations of violence tell about our relationships to the world and others. today a handful who will call grammar at all in a controlled are telling the all the stories in the world. they have global

marketing formulas that are imposed on the creative people in hollywood and i'm in touch with them and they hated it don't talk to me about censorship from washington i never heard about it i get censorship every day i'm told put in more action cut out complicated solutions apply this formula because your travels well in the global market. these are formulas that need no translation essentially image driven it speak action in any language and of course the leading element of that formula is well and. this is a historically unpressed of the tidal wave of images of violence in every home often with expertly choreographed brutality. such as the world has never seen.

this is an expansion the mass production and the introduction into every home. a relentless for a vase of. exposure to violence and brutality many times a day children now see about eight thousand murders by the end of elementary school . and five hundred thousand violent acts by the age of eighteen. from movies to television shows to video games to children's programmes to twenty four hour news channels aggression is now the team every day formulaic a staple industrial ingredient. and in fact

it is the routine nature of this violence that makes it so dangerous and so different from the past this is not the same as traditional story because there was a lot of from shakespeare. there was weiland in fairy tales and that in effect if you think about it while it is a legitimate artistic and journalistic future it is even necessary to shoulder the tragedy and the pay and of damage that these obsessions with violent solutions to human conflict in creating lives in communities and in society. but most of the violence that we see is what i call happy while. this guy's going to be watching his own guts spill it has to be highly entertaining

violence that means that they're thrilling with their often glamorous to live but that's healer and they always lead to a happy ending. everybody wants come. true recorded with humor to be sure i mean to think that god came down from heaven and stopped. at the. moment and of. what you were makes to pill easier to swallow. humor is an excellent communication device because the pillow is the pillow for power who can get away with what against whom. so from goodness perspective what matters most about media violence is not simply

the violent acts on the road but the meaning of all this violence and it's here on this point that governor breaks with an entire tradition. is a document signed by six of the major public health organizations saying that the violence in the entertainment to a level that we've taint today is causing increased aggressive behavior among some children they depict the emotional effects on television and indeed most of the media questions and discussion about effective television can be exemplified by the notion that people ask about violence they say does it create more violence there's something else that the experts we talked to say about this increase in teen violence and crime they say it may be caused by the messages that are being sent to the teens the effect is supposed to be an imitation and a kind of a monkey see monkey do effect in indianapolis monday all four year old told police he shot his sister in the head because he saw someone do it on the t.v.

when you see it was she going to conduct violence are you going to commit violence does anyone disagree with their conclusion that your violence in films. violent conduct on behalf of the children but this is really trivial the contribution of television violence into the actual committing of violence is practically negligible and nobody has been able to demonstrate that it is a significant contributor compared to power to compared to subcultures in which while it's a very frequent compared to many other factors that really the root cause of the well it. was. the oversimplified view that media violence causes violent behavior has some troops in the earliest media research which grew out of fears about the sensational and violent content of hollywood's first talking motion pictures and what this violence

was doing to the minds of kids who are now flocking to movie houses the best known of these research efforts the pain fun studies of nine hundred twenty nine i think thirty two seem to find that crime of violence in films had a powerful direct and lasting effect on children sowing the seeds for future nervous disorders. and even though this research raised interesting questions in the infancy of media research it missed the bigger picture by focusing on the immediate and short term emotional reactions of audiences exposed to particular instances of violence. and perhaps the most influential example of this view that mass media messages have a direct and immediate effect on audiences would come just a few years later. brought up being the statement it's really a good statement for them orson welles that there are many errors in the lord of the world by the west.

we know not all that in the early years but it bends through. its being watched closely by intelligence is greater than man on october thirtieth one thousand nine hundred thirty eight. orson welles presented the h.g. well science fiction classic more of the worlds to a national audience and proceeded to scare the wits out of a good many of his listeners with this victorian tale of alien invasion. and out of that black hole through a real minute. they i play like they are a herd of everything. great. wrath that. it was compelling fiction but it sounded like an actual. and there were reports of widespread panic that

aliens had actually invaded the planet. the controversy reinforced fears that had been building for years about the power of mass media to exercise a direct and immediate effect on audiences and audience behaviors. it didn't matter that this apparently immediate and profound effect to be nowhere near as originally reported. that the sensationalized press reports deflected attention away from the fact that the vast majority of people who heard the broadcast knew it was fiction and didn't at all. the idea that media content seemed capable of exerting some kind of direct and immediate mass mind control of

public had taken hold in the popular imagination. in this view which. called the magic bullet theory the assumption is that media messages act. like shots from a gun leaving our minds changed in their wake. a view of media all powerful and viewers as essentially passive that continues to shape debates about media to this day. but these cause and effect arguments were simply wrong when it came to making sense of media influence. more science fiction than science they were old approaches based on the outdated notion that people are passive and mass media works on them like some great mind control device like

a stimulus applied to lab animals controlling what we think from the outside this way of doing things may have made things easier for social scientists allowing them to measure effect by examining and comparing our minds before and after we are exposed to media messages in campaigns. but in view the very idea of a before and after didn't make much sense in the media context for the simple reason and so used to say that with media there is no before we are born into a mediated environment the question is how to measure the effects of a force that is present from the start a sea of images is media scholar marshall mcluhan like to say that has become so familiar to us that we're often as blind to its all encompassing presence as a fish is to water. like the vision of water we don't know who discovered water but we know it wasn't a. medium

a pervasive environment is always beyond perception we have become so accustomed to . it's like fish in it doesn't know that it's swimming in water because it has never experienced anything. this leads us to the notion of cultivation cultivation is a stable system of messages and images that shape our conception of the world in the . the question is do you measure cultivation this is a research problem that we faced and they resolved it in the following way we give service to large groups of. representative respondents these surveys have a series of questions not about television not about media but these are questions about life question about security question about values question about attitudes for example we asked them what are your chances of encountering violence on an average weeknight is it one in

a hundred or one in fifty asked would you be reluctant to go down the street in your own neighborhood at night yes or no. separate the responses into heavy and light the worst. find that in almost every instance the heavier is exhibit a greater sense of insecurity. and be attributed to the great differing quincey of violence encountered on television their response patterns of heavy viewers to converge into what we call the television mainstream so that was heavy viewers of the usual differences among different social groups the differences of age of gender of income of education begin to erode the heavy viewers for all practical purposes live in a manner world. they integrate and absorb

a sense of danger or mistrust of meanness in the world. to create. the very moment she was abducted the four days she was chained. with murdering her brother in law. and. six people accused of

organizing fights in a school for the mentally disabled. shooting a man in the head at a four year old's birthday party over the weekend. and this. is especially true. which is the primary news source for two thirds of americans sixty one percent of all lead stories. i have to do what i can to protect myself. is to show these kinds of. securities explicitly with media culture. direct correlation between. the level of fear of being victimized.

street to be a. country. street . to me these. is. the finding that if you watch a lot of t.v. you're likely to be more afraid of violence than those who watch less t.v. may help explain why so many people seem to think violent crime is far worse is a widespread misperception that started to be noticed a decade ago crime rates began to drop here is the reality. actually dropped slightly in the latest figures released by the justice department nationwide murder was down five percent but the perception continues to dominate

reality here that. fear that. place is safe anymore and when you're always on guard it's. the reality and this classic example of the. continues today in fact since that a.b.c. news report. justice department figures show that violent crime has dropped in an additional forty three percent to a remarkable thirty year low and. four point four percent. but despite the polls have consistently shown that most americans believe just the opposite to be true three quarters of americans say there is more crime in the united states than the gallup poll shows that's the highest level since the early one nine hundred ninety s. the poll also finds fifty one percent of americans say there is more crime in their

local area. year ago when we see reports like this is it any wonder that american seem more intent than ever on protecting themselves speaking at heading home check this out i'm a firearms instructor in nassau county florida last weekend we had eighteen people go through our courses to get concealed weapons carry licenses the number of people getting these licenses is astounding everyone expresses a fear of being attacked when i go to jacksonville's concert hall downtown i go heavily armed because one of the neighborhoods west of there is the fourth deadliest in america imagine listening to mozart carrying a three fifty seven magnum tough tough stuff indeed scary stuff i checked thank you . for sure is that so much of the internet is a huge musician a person on the mark when he uses it in misuses of religion islam schooled on the

misunderstood is the quote on any more violent than the holy books of christian. wealthy british style sun. sometimes. markets why not scandals find out what's really happening to the global economy with max cons or for a no holds barred look at the global financial headlines tune into kinds a report. soon which brightened. moon and sun from feinstein christians.

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more news today bolland says once again fled up the phone these are the images the world has been seeing from the streets of canada. china corporations are today.

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