this is the key nuclear arms reduction treaty between moscow and washington faces one of its final hurdles as its debated in the russian parliament the start pants which was followed by both president last year has already been given the go ahead by the u.s. senate. despite accepting part of the blame poland says it will launch its own probe into laws april's plane crash which killed president lech kaczynski also will claim the official report some questions on all sides. and although there is no extradition treaty in place between washington could pull many afghans have been shipped off to the u.s. to stand trial on terrorism charges but the lack of official basis for this means

it could be americans breaking international law all. objects we report about the antiwar movement within the ranks the united states military during the vietnam war . in the early one nine hundred sixty s. the united states government began sending combat troops to south vietnam. make sure you go. ask yourself what's going to happen all the. america's stated goal was to spread democracy and defend freedom but thirty years later the legacy of that ten year war which left fifty thousand americans and over three million vietnamese dead still remains unsettled and in the decades of debate that followed the end of the war some stories have yet to be heard. today your soldiers sailors airmen marines and coast guard are better educated

people are better informed. that traditional american ingenuity and if you. are better as a post fast. and understand what the war is all about. killing . the linked. list. you misunderstand and it might be. different if the good. news here are when your gurnall training this crap and reports it's a school or a school and i want to. really get over it i try to spend my whole life having people live a better life and basically feel better that's what nurses still. they tried to

trick me into a kill they tried to trick me into somebody who would take another life it's just one thing in my life i feel i could ever call friends to say i didn't or that. the president. in my hand. in my little three you could say that there were probably. like. you know two goes almost three in which it. wasn't too much to do on a troop ship sold showed up on a. lot of time to get to where we are what we're doing. and we go back and forth back and forth. we always are looking for. right thing because. during the vietnam war an antiwar movement emerged that altered the course of history this movement didn't take place on college campuses but in barracks and on ships that flourished an army stockades maybe gregg's and

a dingy town surrounded military bases. it penetrated elite military colleges like west point and it spread throughout the battlefields of vietnam. it was a movement no one expected least of all those seven hundred twenty prism and thousands into exile and by nine hundred seventy one it had in the words of one colonel infest the entire armed services. yet today few people know about the g.i. movement against the war in vietnam. and i was really proud of what i thought i was doing their earliest days of the war planted the seeds for the movement to come even among the first american troops in vietnam the elite green berets the problem i had was realizing that what i was doing was not good. i was doing it right but it wasn't doing right. i was asked to train green beret people special forces men why were they training these guys to dermatology well they were training them to do dermatology in vietnam because they knew that if they were able

to offer a few simple remedies and help cure a few children of some simple bacterial infections that that would shape themselves to the vietnamese community and you know you remember the phrase the winning the hearts and minds of the people so this was this was how you were going to win the hearts and minds of the people and while they were offering the bandaids of helping to cure a few cases of him to tie go they were bombing the hell out of the villages. i was out on patrol. and near hip. and. we took a couple of prisoners and whether they were combatants or not you know. patrol was led by americans but every vietnamese arvin there and they were turned over to our and. our the news the old fashioned methods of interrogation force torture

that was pretty common practice. i tell you as bad as the bad is that treatment was the cynicism that attached to it was a part it was really sickening night and death of everything i've been talked to rethink everything i grew up with this is just not the way you treat human beings. and it's all done for that you could have the cause think yes. i got out of the military in one nine hundred sixty six because of the things i saw the things i was doing and the reasons that we were given for doing a personal protest it was just me getting out of the service and there was no movement to join i found the war in vietnam. and i felt that i just couldn't be a part of it eventually i said look i'm not training you guys anymore i don't agree with what you're doing i think it's i think it's medically unethical and i just

stopped through a lot of the clinic. it took a few weeks for the army to catch up with that and when they did they invited me into the commanding officer office and said look what are you doing here and i told them exactly what i was doing i said i'm not training and they said well you know you should know the consequences of that and i said i'm perfectly aware of the consequences but i'm not training at that point it was obvious that it was going to be court martialed a few days later i got to. howard levy spent three years in prison. along with him at fort hood who refused orders to vietnam and received five years hard labor and a dishonorable discharge army lieutenant henry how who carried a sign at a demonstration reading. fascist aggression in vietnam was sentenced to two years and two marines william harvey and george daniel received six to ten year sentences for organizing a meeting about whether black people should fight in vietnam. and on march third

one thousand nine hundred eighty six former green beret donald duncan was the featured speaker at an antiwar meeting at the town hall in manhattan i just wanted to do what i knew about it. and let people judge for themselves. i think the most startling thing to me occurred however as the court martial began what would happen was we would walk from the parking lot to the building where the quad watch was being held and it was the most remarkable thing when hundreds hundreds of g.i. s. would hang out of windows out of the barracks and give me the v. sign will give me the clenched fist this was mine but to me this was a revelation and at that point it really became crystal clear to me that something had changed and that something very very important was happening.

i wouldn't inch i don't know how many but i know how many i met those the majority of the men that i met in the service were opposed but really didn't know how to force their opinion. yes. nine hundred sixty eight was the turning point by then america had over a half a million troops in south vietnam during the lunar new year holiday called tet the enemy the north vietnamese and national liberation front our means launched an offensive that overran the entire country before being pushed back the tet offensive revealed that the enemy had widespread support from the vietnamese people and america was mired in a war it couldn't win and the soldiers beginning to question the war in the wake of

the tet offensive thousands began going a wall or absent without leave many found the way to san francisco where series of events brought the emerging g.i. antiwar movement onto the national stage. we joined together. in my two sixty eight we took sanctuary in a church and change ourselves for ministers. we'll centrally called the press and said to them we're not going to get on we were refusing orders and in fact we're resigning from the military to come and get it. the fact that it took them three days to decide how to deal with this tactically it was great. nothing to lose. and they had no idea what was going to come and that's a free place it's a really free place you know you know if you know what's going to happen you know where you're going but you know what you're doing.

yeah and that was my introduction to the search scope presidio. the population for sure usually upwards it was going i think it could hold what would be sixty and there were so sometimes double that in there. that were crowded . for the. guards for me it was because of the fun. with the nine for peace held in military prisons soldiers throughout the bay area began planning for the first war demonstration in the country organized by g.i.'s in veterans i was in a member of the medical committee for human rights we got together a number of times and talked about how we were going to organize active duty to go

to the peace demonstration and then i remember also hearing about the b. fifty two bombers that were dropping leaflets on vietnam urging the vietnamese to defect and i thought well if they can do it overseas then. we can hire a small private plane loaded up with free flights and drop the leaflets on the trades. thousands. fled one point i know we were a little concerned. but nothing. did pretty accurately that's what they testified to. and on my way into the demonstration i decided i was going to wear. my opinion was fairly straightforward. where his uniform.

talking to congress as an active duty person i certainly had the same rights that he did and i could wear my uniform protesting united states. susan court martial by the navy for making a political statement while in uniform and following the march for a turn themselves into the presidio army stockade keith mathare was being held so had been assigned kind of by the movement people to go into the stockade to find out what was going on because they had been they had shot this prisoner and killed him or nineteen year old private michael bunch life in the army had been a little more than a series of a wall violations his last stop was here the presidio stockade where he was fatally shot last friday while trying to escape from the work detail. for the guards shot even killed him point blank. i want to be they're.

going to want. to. gage. for no good reason not unlike a lot of his brothers. you know. so . reacted. viscerally. with anger and disgust and our bridge. here toward. we the wires over the walls we squawk box off the wall and then things start to calm down because we started playing we came to a decision that best thing we could do was to have some kind of a demonstration and it was at the roll call formation we had a signal that was what was supposed to break ranks and we did and then we walked over here and sat down at a certain point came out and read as. we just kept saying a louder and then a linked arms and saying we were scared me and i'll tell you we were really scared we have them right where we want to finally listening to us man that's the first

time i can ever remember anybody listening to us while i was in the military. the commanding general of the sixth army which was the jurisdiction and he said that they thought that the revolution was about to start and they really had to set an example you know come down hard and we were the guys that they decided to do that with and they did it i mean we were on trial for life. you know i got a game it was unable and with the two days of being the stockade i was you know a space and that's. for singing we shall overcome. nationwide to the city and when he said.

i was wounded three times when i was in the bush and then third time i was well under was on the summer of one of the sixty seven and we got overrun by north vietnamese regulars a sort of like a human wave of. the. all. me and he was. good.

natured and. people. couldn't be so. but it was. the words. he was fighting for.

with more and more soldiers turning against the war. in the first of what would become a network of dozens of thing. war g.i. coffee houses located in the towns that hover near military bases. the dusty texas town of killeen just outside fort hood which tallied over twenty thousand troops became home of the g.i. coffee house known as the army officer for not. being in the army you know over here and then out right. i can take care and i can get on in the army the minute our stuff like. the name only struck came from a shock absorber on a helmet so that's what the only goes through it was it was a place where you go there and it's old soldiers and they had

a record player and all the latest rock records and underground papers and using up right. and to go out on ambush like one period to go out on the ambush and sneak over to the people in. the early morning and stuff. because they've got to get there right you know who's there. a majority of women and you know they doing this they're right there are very. very good and they're their friends so that anyone or anyone thinks they can back out of them and hopefully be a part of the not and see any of that he's making a mistake because he's supporting the war. but on and on has cropped up at several army bases these days the so-called underground g.i. press which consists largely of i wore newspapers military authorities are clamping down hard on the papers recently when there was an underground newspaper laying on

the bed and it's called the last harass they feel free and they were freaking out this is authorized by terril and this is a person material here about a lot of how many copies this inside the barracks go. the paper. read. this paper it was the fact that the officers hated. they had to be something that was. typed mimeographed printed. underground press exploded at. fort benning georgia. fort hood texas. station in the face and we used to distribute it.

as if you were distributing literature. shortly after the first issue was published the g.i. who founded the press peterson was pulled over by fort hood police. in. marijuana. possession of marijuana. following a two day trial in a texas court peterson was sentenced to eight years in prison. despite the military's best at the underground press became the life blood of the g.i. movement as the army's own recruiting slogan travellin adventure turned into the popular g.i. expression of the. presley soldiers around the world and inspired many

outside the military you know i grew up believing that if our flag was flying over a battlefield that we were on the side of the angels my father fought in the second world war he won awards and and medals. you know i grew up during the good wars here's this woman who steps out onto the world stage is a famous actress comes from one of the ruling class families in hollywood and makes a political decision to change sides she steps onto the side of the people and particularly the vietnamese people she stands with the chiapas and she stands with the g.i. movement and she says i'm going to stand with this i'm going to give vent i'm going to help support it and build it you know settle like that you have to be a show mr president that's a terrible demonstration going on outside all there's always a demonstration going on outside but richard this one is completely out of control i want to ask you point this time brianna davis and all political prisoners out of vietnam now and draft all government officials people if they care about their job

you do your job and i'll do my job and i don't understand how they're storming the why how an active sabbatical at the third marine you can't richard why not the third marine. corps years program or maybe even bob hope toured be entertaining american troops but soon the cheers turned to cheers and a new kind of entertainment emerged. howard levy himself a celebrity within the g.i. movement he met with donald sutherland and me and he said what if we put together. an antiwar show that's you know the opposite side of the coin from the from the bob hope show. they took one look at my. life.

after the army we always said free the army or fun travel and adventure but it really meant the army. here was a way that i could combine my profession my acting with my desire to end the war it just seemed like a perfect fit. this show that we bring to these bases is not trying to tell the people on the bases anything that they don't know we are coming in response to what is probably the most powerful movement going on in this country the movement of the man inside the military and women who are beginning to understand how they're being used and what the nature of american foreign policy is and we come there because they have asked us to we come there because for the last year we have read in the newspapers from vietnam from from west germany from okinawa from the philippines and what we want is entertainment we want people to speak to how we feel and the

majority of us don't know why we're going over there that we don't know why we're being shot up we don't know why our bodies are being killed we don't know why we're killing those people. i'm sorry. you will be. washed. all the way should be exempt from all military. all really good question right where you are. i'm not being a presenter. i'm not being that. guys are coming from all over the country so you good people come in with different information about black palace drug let that mean you know black unity you feel really good about yourself you want to really question which you do need to be annoying. but i remember

one day the first sergeant was talking about googs naive i was i didn't know any good it was a racial slur i didn't really understand it you know one day he was talking about gooks and i remember like went over my head this is where the group is the same things and then. things began to start clicking in my head like when we don't know. culture is that so much different and there's a huge musician apparently trying to mark west lunging into being increased violence and radicalism is tearing pakistan apart can a country that is so polarized.

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