good to have you with this is live here in moscow the top stories this hour two of the world's oil giants russia. joined forces to explore the potential energy treasures of the arctic sea but the companies have longstanding business ties and now sealed a stock's what worth billions of dollars. as government workers enjoy lavish mansions and gourmet restaurants in washington d.c. it's the private sector that's bearing the brunt of the recession at the peak of the crisis federal workers received pay rise of double the national average. and schoolchildren in india. in the traditional winter break for classes in defiance of separatist violence thank catch up after curfews forced their schools

to close in this something. back with more news for in less than thirty minutes from now but you can always follow developments on our web site that's dot com well up next our special report on the start of the vietnam war movement in the u.s. in the one nine hundred sixty s. that altered the course of history. in the early one nine hundred sixty s. the united states government began sending combat troops to south vietnam. ask yourself what's going to happen all the other. america's stated goal was to spread democracy and defend freedom but thirty years later the legacy of that ten year war which left fifty thousand americans and over three million vietnamese dead still remains unsettled and in the decades of debate that followed the end of the war some stories have yet to be heard.

today your soldiers sailors airmen marines and coast guard are better educated. are better informed. better traditional american ingenuity and if they. are better i suppose fast. and understand what the war is all about. killing. the ceiling. lifting. misunderstanding and it might be. different if it's good. when i view where the military are we near gurnall in basic training this crap and reports it's a school or a school and i want to. really get over it i try to spend my whole

life having people live a better life and basically feel better that's what nurses still. they tried to trick me into a killer they tried to trick me into somebody who would take another life it's just one thing in my life i feel i could ever call. this so i didn't know that. the president. in my hand. in my little theory you could say that for proper life. you know joe goes almost through which server. doesn't do what you do on a troop ships. a lot of times you get to where we are what we're doing. and we go back and forth back and forth. we always an open cooling doing the right thing because. during the vietnam war an antiwar movement emerged that altered the course of history this movement didn't take place on college campuses but in

barracks and on ships it flourished in army stockades navy brigs and the dingy towns around military bases. it penetrated elite military colleges like west point and it spread throughout the battlefields of vietnam. it was a movement no one expected least of all those seven hundred twenty prison and thousands in taxes and by nine hundred seventy one it had in the words of one colonel confessed the entire armed services. today few people know about the g.i. movement against the war in vietnam. and i was really proud of what i thought i was doing there earliest days of the war planted the seeds for the movement to even among the first american troops in vietnam the elite green berets the problem i had was realizing that what i was doing was not good i was doing it right but i wasn't doing the right. i was asked to train green beret people special

forces men why were they training these guys to dermatology well they were training them to do dermatology in vietnam because they knew that if they were able to offer a few simple remedies and help cure a few children of some simple bacterial infections that that would shape themselves to the vietnamese community and you know you remember the phrase the winning the hearts and minds of the people so this was this was how you were going to win the hearts and minds of the people and while they were offering the bandaids of helping to cure a few cases of him to tie go they were bombing the hell out of the villages. i was out on patrol. and near hip. and. we took a couple of prisoners and whether they were combatants or not you know. patrol was led by americans but every vietnamese arvin there and they were turned over to our

and. our can use the old fashioned methods of interrogation and force torture that was pretty common practice. i tell you as bad as the bad is that treatment was the cynicism that attached to it was a part that was really sickening and death of everything i've been taught to be thing i learned everything i grew up with this is just not the way you treat human beings. and there's all time for that you could have think yes. i got out of the military in one nine hundred sixty six because of the things i saw the things i was doing and reasons that we were given for doing. a personal protest it was just me getting out of the service and there was no movement to join i found the war in vietnam. and i felt that i just couldn't be a part of it eventually i said look i'm not training you guys anymore i don't agree

with what you're doing i think it's immoral i think it's medically unethical and i just stopped the clinic. it took a few weeks for the army to catch up with that and when they did they invited me into the commanding officer office and said look what are you doing here and i told them exactly what i was doing i said i'm not training and they said well you know you should know the consequences of that and i said i'm perfectly aware of the consequences but i'm not training at that point it was obvious that it was going to be court martialled a few days later i got the call. howard levy spent three years in prison. along with him three fort hood who refused orders to vietnam and received five years hard labor and a dishonorable discharge army lieutenant henry how who carried a sign at a demonstration reading. fascist aggression in vietnam was sentenced to two years and two marines william harvey and george daniel received six to ten year sentences

for organizing a meeting about whether black people should fight in vietnam. and on march third one nine hundred sixty six former green beret donald duncan was the featured speaker at an antiwar meeting at the town hall in manhattan i just wanted to do what i knew about it. and let people judge for themselves. i think the most startling thing to me occurred however as the court martial began what would happen was we would walk from the parking lot to the building with a quad wash was being held and it was the most remarkable thing when hundreds hundreds of g.i. s. would hang out of windows out of the barracks and give me the v. sign well give me that clenched fist this was mine but to me this was a revelation and at that point it really became crystal clear to me that something

had changed and that something very very important was happening. oh i. think. i would i really don't know how many but i know how many i met the numbers a majority of the men that i met in the service were opposed but they didn't know how to force their opinion. yes. nine hundred sixty eight was the turning point by then america had over a half a million troops in south vietnam during the lunar new year holiday called tet the enemy the north vietnamese the national liberation front our names launched an offensive that overran the entire country before being pushed back the tet offensive revealed that the enemy had widespread support from the vietnamese people

and america was mired in a war it couldn't win and the soldiers beginning to question the war in the wake of the tet offensive the thousands began going to a wall or absent without leave many found their way to san francisco where series of events brought the emerging g.i. antiwar movement onto the national stage. we joined together. in my two sixty eight we took sanctuary in a church and change ourselves for ministers. we essentially called the press and said to them we're not going to do it we were refusing orders and in fact we were resigning from the military to come and get it . the fact that it took them three days to decide how to deal with this to a post great. had nothing to lose. and they had no idea what was going to come and that's a free place it's

a really free place you know you're you know what's going to happen you know where you're going but you know what you're doing. yeah and that was my introduction to the servants the scope presidio star. the publisher fletcher usually upwards it was i think it could hold like it be sixty and there were some sometimes double that in there. that were crowded. which . guards for me it was because of the fun. with the nine for peace held in military prisons soldiers throughout the bay area began planning for the first war demonstration in the country organized by g.i.'s in veterans i was in a member of the medical committee for human rights we got together

a number of times and talked about how we were going to organize active duty to go to the peace demonstration and then i remember also hearing about the b. fifty two bombers that were dropping leaflets on vietnam urging the vietnamese to defect and i thought well if they can do it overseas. we can hire a small private plane loaded up with three bullets and drop the leaflets on a tree that's. concerned. nothing. pretty that's what they testified. on my way into the demonstration i decided i was going to wear.

my opinion. of his uniform for the war in congress as an active duty person i certainly had the same rights that he did and i could wear my uniform protesting united states. sees in court martial by the navy for making a political statement while in uniform and following the march for a turn themselves into the presidio army stockade was being held so had been assigned kind of by the movement people to go into the stockade and find out what was going on because they had been they had shot this prisoner and killed him or nineteen year old private michael bunch life in the army had been little more than a series of a wall violations his last stop was here the presidio stockade where he was fatally shot last friday while trying to escape from the work detail. for the guards

shot even killed him point blank. i want to be there. for no good reason. like a lot of his brothers. you know. so . reacted. this really. with anger and disgust in our age. toward. we the wires over the walls we rip the squawk box off the wall and then things start to calm down because we started planning we came to a decision that best thing we could do was to have some kind of a demonstration and it was at the roll call of formation we had a signal that was what was supposed to break ranks and we did know we walked over here and sat down at a certain point commandant came out and read us. we just kept saying louder and then a linked arms and saying we were scared me and i'll tell you we're really scared we

have them right where we want to they're finally listening to us that's the first time i can ever remember anybody listening to us while i was in the military. the commanding general of the sixth army which was the jurisdiction and he said that they thought that the revolution was about to start and they really had to set an example you know come down hard and we were the guys that they decided to do that with and they did it i mean we were on trial for a life. you know i got a game it was unable. two days appeared in the stockade i was on your space and that's. for singing we shall overcome. nationwide to the city and when he said.

i was wounded three times while i was in the bush and then third time i was no longer was on december twenty sixth. and we got overrun by north vietnamese regulars a sort of like a human wave of. the. all. point . to. me and he was.

good. and. i think you know. things like. nature and you find. him people and your silence means that you're. i mean i couldn't be so. but it was. the words.

he was fighting for. with more and more soldiers turning against the war. in the first of what would become a network of dozens of thing. war g.i. coffee houses located in the towns that hover near military bases. and the dusty texas town of killeen just outside fort hood which talented over twenty thousand troops became home of the g.i. coffeehouse known as the army all strive to. be an enemy army over here and then out right. i can take here and i can get i'm in the army in the middle of our stuff like. name only i was struck came

from a shock absorber on a hell of a so that's what the only goes through it was it was a place where you go there and it's old soldiers and they had a record player and all the latest rock records and underground papers and using out right. and to go out on ambush like one period to go out on the ambush and see me go over to the people in. the early morning and stuff . because they've got to get there right who's there. a majority of women and you know what they do right there granted they were very. very very good in their their friends don't let anyone or anyone to make them back out of them and hopefully be a part of the not see any of that he's making a mistake because of the supporting the war. you know put on has cropped up with several army bases these days

a so-called underground g.i. press which consists largely of anti-war newspapers military authorities are clamping down hard on the papers recently when there was an underground newspaper laying on the bed and it's called the last harass they freaked out and they were freaking out this is the rice but terio and this is a person material here about a lot of how many copies this inside the barracks go. the paper. read. this paper it was the fact that the officers hated. had to be something that was. typed mimeographed printed. underground press exploded.

fort hood texas. station of the face and we used to distribute it. shortly after the first issue was published the g.i. who founded the press peterson was pulled over by fort hood police. following a two day trial in a texas court peterson was sentenced to eight years in prison for. crimes. by the military. the underground press became the life blood of the g.i. movement as the army's own recruiting slogan fun travel and adventure turned into

the popular g.i. expression of the. press elite soldiers around the world and inspired many outside the military you know i grew up believing that if our flag was flying over a battlefield that we were on the side of the angels my father fought in the second world war he won awards and and medals. you know i grew up during the good wars here's this woman who steps out onto the world stage is a famous actress comes from one of the ruling class families in hollywood and makes a political decision to change sides she steps onto the side of the people and particularly the vietnamese people she stands with the g.r.s. and she stands with the movement she says i'm going to stand with this i'm going to give vent to i'm going to help support it and build it you know settle like that you have to be a show mr president that's a terrible demonstration going on outside all there's always a demonstration going on outside but richard this one is completely out of control

i want to ask you point this time brianna davis and all political prisoners out of vietnam now and draft all government officials we have people they care about their job you do your job and i'll do my job and i don't understand their storming the why how are actors i better call it the third marine you can't bridge or why not the third marine. corps years program or maybe bob hope toured be entertaining american troops but soon the cheers turned to cheers and a new kind of entertainment emerged. howard levy himself a celebrity within the g.i. movement he met with donald sutherland and me and he said what if we put together. an antiwar show that's you know the opposite side of the coin from the from the bob hope show. they took one look at mine.

after the army we always said free the army or fun travel and adventure but it really meant the army. here was a way that i could combine my profession my acting with my desire to end the war it just seemed like a perfect fit. this show that we bring to these bases is not trying to tell the people on the bases anything that they don't know we are coming in response to what is probably the most powerful movement going on in this country the movement of the man inside the military and women who are beginning to understand how they're being used and what the nature of american foreign policy is and we come there because they have asked us to come there because for the last year we have read in the

newspapers from vietnam from from west germany from okinawa from the philippines and from what we want is entertainment we want people to speak to how we feel and the majority of us don't know why we're going over there that we don't know why we're being shot up we don't know why our bodies are being killed we don't know why we're killing those people. i'm sorry. you will be. washed. all day lives are being stripped from all military. all really good life where she's right where you are. i'm not being present. i'm not. guys who come from all over the country so you good people come in with different information about black palace trouble at that you know black you need to

feel real good about you so even that really question which you will be annoyed. but i remember one day the first saw james talking about. naive i was i was a racist i didn't really understand that you know one day he was talking about groups and i remember like went over my head this is. the same things and then. things began to start clicking in my head like you wouldn't don't know.

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