the remember the creamy the chesterfield. the royal the rubens hotel. if you just joined us a very warm welcome this is live from the russian capital with the twenty four hours a day top stories now. thousands have gathered in central moscow to commemorate the victims of the terror attack and for exactly three days after the deadly blast that killed thirty five and injured over one hundred. and the name of a reported suspect wanted in connection with monday's terror attack at the airport has appeared in the russian press it's claimed a man from southern russia stuff engine could have been an organizer or even a perpetrator of the deadly blow. science fiction becomes reality is russia's armed forces have reportedly built

a next generation nuclear warhead capable of penetrating any missile defense systems including those still under construction. in the russian economy and investment climate to discuss the world economic forum in time for the event was set by the russian president opening keynote speech on wednesday. with more news for you less than thirty minutes from now in the meantime oceans are rapidly becoming the world's rubbish dump with tons of plastic waste polluting the water so it is argued that this kills thousands of animals but is there still time to save. our special report next. the thing that's most shocking to me is of all the samples we've taken whether they be at the surface ten meters thirty meters or down a hundred meters every single sample has had plastic in it from the samples we found in one thousand nine hundred nine there was a ratio of six to one plastic the plankton now in two thousand and eight we found

the plastic plankton ratio of forty six to one so that's over eight times as much plastic in the environment. we project all these things that we see coming through. the shark still shocking here not. quite plastic soup but that are there so regular there's the soup. scientists have shown that there is no untouched zone left on this planet every square mile of version contains tens of thousands of bits of plastic. the result of our consumption two hundred twenty pounds a year better in competent. we will not change the evolution of the society we are using less and less time to prepare the food for the luncheon for the dinner and as well there we.

move and we have the habits to eat outside of the house so more and more we will use products which are much more decades and ready to be consumed for the drinks or for the food then we were used to use in the past and in the first ten years of the current century since two thousand we produced as much plastic as we produced in as entire century that proceed it way using at the moment in excess of two hundred sixty million tons of plastic every year worldwide now around about a third of that is used for single use items for items of packaging that a used once and then discarded so it's a material that lasts for very long time in the marine environment and yet we use it and throw it away within a year. all these oceans of plastic there because of our carelessness or is it because the system doesn't work properly. what happens to plastic when we throw it

away. this is one of the biggest garbage tubes in the united states. what else landfill serves half a los angeles county about seventy eight cities and five point two million people one els landfill takes in and is permit at about thirty thousand two hundred tons per day what dab accounts for is if you take a football field from post to post fill it up with waste about ten feet higher little over three meters that's how much waste is accepted here a day. in the united states in europe but least half the plastic we throw away is simply better and. thousands of bottles and bags in the open this type of tip every year. between them the two continents buried four to five million metric tons of plastic in two thousand and seven. in the face of this exponential consumption the infrastructures can't keep up.

only five percent of the plastic used in the world is recycled and the west the main consumer does not even have the means to deal with. this is the port of chinari in india part of our recycled waste ends up here by the container full. hidden from european eyes all rubbish is treated behind these doors which are usually kept closed. you see containers are then unloaded and then the material is in this yard in this yard as you can see that is different different quality from different origin some material from germany some from france some from america some from the middle east it's this at some who will let us in the future in just number

one recycler of plastic bottles. is a broker he buys the continents of the recycling bins and resells it here where it can be treated by cheap labor. like me. so noodles line of business is doing well. and the export of used plastic has been increasing by thirty percent a year in two thousand and seven france sent seven hundred thousand metric tons of plastic and broke. as you see the build up from france if you see from the label you may be able to identify the bottle that maybe you have you'll. be with these of come here now and it will be teeth like gold and made again into valuable bottles more product which could be used again. the plastic recycled money future comes from western countries quite legally the

recyclers hope that by showing us how we'll take care of the rubbish just european consumers to send the. message to the utopian customers utopian whole homeowners are utopian men and women it's very straight and simple who took up on the esters is about to be associated in keeping the environment and clearly at good for the human belief i have a week i liked those bottles which you throw in the dust bin at god what they did to those products that you use every day maybe it is a shark it is a t. shirt audience at backbencher art it is the bottles which are used what blinking water already drinks out any juices.

thank. so we try to have zero waste if possible by trying to have no plastic come into our homes and then end up in the garbage can so marcus and i have gone for radical solution orders the way we go to buy things at the grocery store but we buy bread it sometimes comes the plastic bags you have to follow you to go to an actual bakery we are now making these out of old t. shirts so we've been collecting t. shirts from schools and from good well when people are thrown away their shirts instead of using plastic bags and of course we never buy plastic water bottles anytime we want to get water we bring our own we fill up at a tap filtered water we bring these with us everywhere so that you get these have

as you develop them and then you don't think about them you just remember grab my bag of the market. even organic waste doesn't go into plastic bags to get these it's show us the worms and we're going to see underneath. it. carefully. and in the bottom and look some shallots some garlic. so there's a recycling bin and we try to throw anything away if we buy something we try to make sure the packaging is recyclable the idea of waste is something completely invented by humans so there should be no waste if you're recycling if you're conscious about the things that you buy and you remember that everything you buy has to go somewhere.

no plastic in the home equals no plastic in the tip or going abroad plus no plastic in the ocean. that's marcus and is a question that tires that are already off on another adventure pedaling two thousand miles between vancouver and t. klamath to convince whoever they meet on the way. for them plastic is a problem full stop and it needs to be eradicated at the source. the benefits which are brought by the use of the material also great for the society so great for the consumers in terms of security for food in terms of life this for transport etc that would be stupid just to cancel those. strong benefits in order to just. write something which is just at the end of

the life of the product and be goes that is a wrong be a view of the people and of the society we hear that same line from the weapons manufacturers guns don't kill people keep people kill people. we hear the same line from the plastics industry that plastics aren't the problem it's people that are the problem it's people littering but there's no way to educate every single person on the planet to add dispose of their plastics properly so the industry and the manufacturers have a responsibility to design a product that if people littering if a plastic bag blows out of a garbage truck it won't have the sort of impact that we're seeing. can we do without plastic. for the moment. but in europe a few minutes about it is a try at least in part. because two ton of law found it so faced with the problem of plastic pollution. pollution of its beaches and the sea so ten years ago it made

some changes. well there's bread there's vegetables a bit of everything. in the summer months there's a lot of stuff from their gardens. things like flowers grass from their lawns that sort of thing and he put whatever people happen to have a tome that's biodegradable. for the moment these banks are one of the few alternatives to plastic. organic waste is collected every week in banks made of stopped. they don't have to be salted the banks break down not tree along with the food waste. said getting on that void to become biodegradable bags are mixed with the organic waste so they break down completely within three or four weeks with us and perhaps all the potato and corn starch that they're made of it reacts like any other organic matter has on it and it just like

potato peelings for example that infest. the resulting compost is used by the region's fungus so two million organic banks go back to the earth each year and a bit more plastic has not ended up strewn around or in the sea. down as we successfully sell to hawaii to get attention to the issue of plastic marine debris which was hundreds of school and college students attend marcus and his lectures all along that trip from canada to mexico. now you might think ok this animal it eats plastic it goes in the mouth of the red and that's it no big deal the problem is other end is small so this past is past or particles that stay in their stomach for a long time the plastic these plastic particles they're not benign they don't just

sit there and do nothing bile and marcus raises another question the industry adds millions of tons of chemicals to plastics what kind of effects do they have. these freshwater snails are sensitive to the slightest variations in their environment they serve as sentinels one day the federal agency for the environment asked your goldman to study the effects on this gastropod of a chemical substance whose effects are still unknown this pheno. he was surprised but when to having. it was a complete new phenomenon for us we had and lost thousands of these new people and

never find something comparable before and so we repeated the experiment once twice and even a third time you'll discover that ten percent of the females presented significant sexual differ missions and that their egg production was four times normal. this uterus with the two glands is considerably larger in superfine compared with the normal you know and this specific specimen. in addition exhibits this great rupture of the open topped you can imagine the power of the masses which have caused this rupture it's it's really like. an eruption of of work a know. your grassed where is the a found. the answer is in our plastics this antioxidant is added to babies bottles bottles and and packaging but it also risky.

i was really shocked because you have to imagine the test concentrations which can be found in every surface or and it is hard to believe i confess that at these very low environmentally relevant concentrations such harmful effects like the killing of the kenyans isn't used. to. the soldiers so really beginning to discover that the plastics in the oceans release chemical substances into the environment which have effects that are still or know. how much escapes once the products are in the water. how do these pollutants accumulate in the food chain. our marine animals affected. and to what extent. we.

know. that's what the crew of the world one of the fun and i've been trying to find out by studying the mediterranean fin where the world's second largest whale. now lived out there so we've got plenty of their own. to do these animals are contaminated. the scientists needed to study fat samples. for. your situation. the results of the biopsies are clear just like polar bears and atlantic whales all the fin whales fact contains fire retardants which are additives to plastic. yes.

put. my. no one yet knows what effect these products have on the species. and they call them. mayor we are in the middle of nowhere miles from any continent and we find substances and pollutants that have no business being here. they were produced hundreds of miles away and are being carried by the current market don't bothers me most is that we are contaminating the whole planet from the clothing the remotest and wildest place that's. shocked by his own discomfort you wondered if the food wrapped in plastic that we eat every day were contaminated by certain substances. he puts more snails in bottles of water for forty eight weeks.

those neither of which were kept in p.t. but us produced much more embryos compared to those nails in the glass bottles there are compounds in the plastic material in these p. t. bottles that leach into the culture medium or the snails we do not know which compounds we haven't identified yet but they are clearly estrogenic. new wood all they must realize when we want to put a material or substance on the market it undergoes laboratory testing so new which enables us to show that it is harmless is the results are passed on to scientific and public organizations we will decide whether or not we're allowed to commercialize it to produce these are constantly checking all of the products that

we sell to the people. this man who are affected by these chemical products. and over a couple who use plastic like everyone else have agreed to have blood tests. showing us one is an epidemiologist for years she has been carrying out test some fatality in two thousand and five she started studying the effects of fights another chemical additive for plastics she selected women with a high level of silence in the urine instead of the effect on their infant male

children. no one had done this before. these ballots particularly the ones of most concern are called anti and versions they lower testosterone they do it actually to adults as well and but it's more important what happens in the womb because the changes that occur in the lower than per minute for life and so because it's anti and or janick lower testosterone at the critical time will alter the path of development of the male genitalia so normally it starts in a feminine default if you will and then becomes masculinized under the influence of testosterone and that process is interfered with by certain sally it's when they get to a certain level. fairly so used in food packaging and tools for example to soften the plastic. but in rodents to feminize the species. the testicles disappear and

the penis becomes shorter. the distance between the testicles and the anus which is normally double in males shrinks and becomes more like night of females. shalhoub the idea and the courage to try taking the same missions with human babies and you got the same results. when levels of d h p the most considered the most toxic vallet were higher in the mother's year and then the boys were more likely to have testicles that were not completely descended into this crow and tended to have a significantly smaller piers so i wouldn't even as and you could toxicologist and not a specialist for human toxicology i wouldn't expect negative impacts on diets so if

it does i using mineral water fall from p.t. bottles there's absolutely no danger but i am i'm not so convinced when we're talking about pregnant women or very young children. because in these very sensitive phases of the life cycle care should be taken to avoid any estrogen it can because. they put the plastic you see plastics contain the substances that can eventually migrate over it only an infinitesimal quantities which are well below the norms. certain scientists use operating procedures that are unjustified uki the emotions which are then regrettably picked up by the media and it creates an unfounded scare among the public at large. but after all this is a democracy so everyone has the right to express themselves. is

it a case of scaremongering scientists are they simply asking you questions. here the results of the test for a chemical compound and plastic. and large those two people are just like you or me it's like background noise but that black or noise however means that we all have they spend all day in our bodies now you know this is a product that didn't exist before our grandparents didn't have any chemical products created by industry and now we're all impregnated with this new epidemiological study of this time has been carried out in front of everyone tested in the united states had not only between eighty but also found in the bone. in spite of the ocean pollution and the effect on armaments in spite of the contamination of. man has not yet decided to do without plastic on the contrary

production has been increasing by ten percent a year. in india plastic use is twenty times less than in europe and the united states but with a billion inhabitants it will soon be one of the planet's three biggest consumers. how can this country stop polluting its rivers and coasts with its plastics how can it go on absorbing all waste. plastic indispensable ally of off every day life. we thought it was a net substance over a century we have poured at least a hundred million tonnes of it into the oceans. but now a boomerang effect is taking place. the situation is hopeless. it is getting worse at

a near exponential rate and shows no sign of decreasing. no one seems to be able to envision a future without plastic and no one seems to be willing to admit that change needed to get rid of the plastic pollution problem is drastic incremental change small changes will not make a difference. moccasin and i refuse to give up here today this is our. awareness day i just remember the go to keep up the struggle to change those in mentalities and finally put an end to plastic age. decided we change people's attitudes. maybe we should scare them because they see

wasting things as their. music. to match. her. happy.