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don't know how many of you. homemade explosives slipped across the atlantic into the hands of the ira. the world's first full scale car bomb war was now ready to began. and the material to make the bombs was lying around in every farmer's barn in ireland. channel callahan was a senior ira bomb maker at the time my understanding is that the ira was running up explosives and it would get generated great difficulty in getting hold of the chip

commercial explosives to get small amounts which could steal from the far east you could not could find the money not to was at midnight it was probably the biggest commercial for any irish public and the information the complete manufacture. the british took countermeasures to make it more difficult for the ira to make and for . simply boiling up fertilizer to make explosives no longer works. but the ira also found ways around those restrictions. and ramped up their car bomb more. tommy gorman was one of the ira's top bomb makers in belfast and the one nine hundred seventy s. . tommy's job was to assemble the bombs set the timer before handing over the device to the bomb team who drove the car to its target in the city center. it was people who did not think attack because they

had the stinger and he got someone who was nervous another start to play like ethical heloc traffic but about women was really just as good as math so how about her not. one of those women was marion price i mean i didn't i didn't drive at the time i was too young and i didn't have a license but i'd been in a car that was laden with explosives and being brought into belfast and we were stopped by the british army and i thought time we have exposed and the door ponce and the car. door for me and i said to the next moment when i got in the car because i'm going to man he i think he was more interested than he was with the car . most of the time the ira called in warnings. that the ira's a was economic terrorism buildings not bodies. under their

own rules killing civilians was wrong. but planning car bombs is not an exact science. and when the ira messed up people lots of people die. on the afternoon of the twenty first of july one nine hundred seventy two the ira planted twenty two car bombs in the center of belfast. all time to go off within minutes of each other. bloody friday was the world's first mass car bomb attack. the ira phone in warnings but one bomb prematurely exploded in oxford street bus station. killing six passengers. many others were horribly mutilated. are you ashamed of what happened i'm glad it's friday. and there's

a terrible terrible day there's no way that the security forces could have cared because this despair for everyone. but the slaughter on bloody friday did not stop the ira. the bombing campaign accelerated. in one thousand nine hundred seventy two there were one thousand three hundred eighty two explosions. the ira leadership was now ready to bring the car bomb on to the streets of london. we did. it was our job to go and pick the targets and plan the operation. on march the eighth one thousand nine hundred seventy three the ira attacked for the first time and planted four car bombs. nineteen year old marion price was leader of the bomb team. we went along on the morning that the phones went off

and the driver on the person he was to say the same six in the morning they drove the poems to their targets and it was planned by the time the poems week wolf that afternoon at three o'clock. we've been on. marian shows for spectacular targets including the old bailey courthouse. but the most prestigious target was new scotland yard. peter gurney a bomb disposal officer was on duty that day. and i found out of call here and the number plates on that did not relate to that particular vehicle the lockerbie in time but with so we decided that what we would do we would go into the boat through the rear seats who were in turn you would see that it was packed with exposure. both one hundred eighty pounds of explosives before to morrow's moving

forward from exposure if not the initiator we had no idea how long the water on the cloth what we just discarded through would to take the explosive away from the bomb . by reporting by a destroyed pound bags or exploded or put them on the other saw the road towards the bomb went off with us to go through. the building had to be evacuated and no inflation is crushed or the windows portion was working what was the significance of this bomb these were the first car bombs used in. two bombs did explode. the irish war was now on the streets of london. marion spent the next decade in prison but over the next twenty five years the ira would explode thousands of car bombs. just one bomb could destroy a small town or blast the heart of a key financial center like the city of london. bomb disposal officer

mike calder it was called out to diffuse the biggest ira bomb of all. round about ten twenty seven saturday morning. tremendous blast of the truck up there in bishopsgate. kilograms exploded. so in a blast wave that ripped all. windows out of the whole area. the ira deliberately planted the bishopsgate bomb on a saturday morning knowing that most of those city offices would be empty. it was economic charism. the total of the shortage bishopsgate was round about one million pounds. imagine twenty times the amount of devastation in city centers around the united kingdom. the ira never won their war in ireland but

the british lost their ears on the streets of the city of london. did you think this was going to change the politics of northern ireland in this bomb went off oh no doubt about it and i saw the devastation and realised launch those bombs were ushered in eighteen months we'll be talking pictures. at the height of the troubles the ira churned out car bombs as if on a production line. but you don't need a secret army to launch a car bomb attack. even the smallest terrorist cell can make a one off fertilizer bomb. in one nine hundred ninety three the same year as bishopsgate car bombers would return to america and strike again at new york's financial district. the target was the world trade center.

on friday feb nineteenth a massive explosion ripped through the underground parking garage of the north tower. dave williams was the chief f.b.i. investigator. were we walked into the trade center it was kind of like walking into a cave. and hear people hollering screaming in the background rescue workers basically you had a crater that was five stories. in one nine hundred ninety three world trade center bombing was the first major terrorist attack on american soil since the one nine hundred twenty s. on wall street. the f.b.i.

was in charge but local police forces like the new york city bomb squad were part of the team. don said i was sent into the bomb crater on sunday afternoon forty eight hours after the blast to help a forensic chemist team take samples. but then said we spotted a strange metal fragment crumpled and twisted by the power of the explosion. what was unusual was the damage it was so ripped into course that i've been to scenes in organized crime where people were killed with car bombs and completely pulled the car up but i've never seen the undercarriage blown out into pieces as as i was looking at there so i knew that this had to be right next to possibly the vehicle that would bring such a large vehicle bomb in here and i took my gloves off and as i ran my thumb inside i could feel it like an encryption it was a star shape letters letters numbers numbers numbers and then this ended in a starship and i knew that this was

a confidential than them. confidential vehicle identification numbers are inscribed on different parts of a car by the manufacturer to help police identify stolen vehicles. at that point i made a decision and i said to the team we have to take these cases out here i know it's against the law it is and i see don and you know carrying a stretcher up on thing you know i say get closer i see that they have a piece of metal on the stretcher i started to raise hell because they were moving evidence before we go up and running with evidence control center but soon forensic teams confirm saddam's hunch. it was now just fifty hours from the time of the explosion and the hunt for the bomb van and the bombers was rolling. and that led to a break in the case and was obviously a great break in the case because we were able to trace the number back as a ford connell line phase owned by writer rental agency and traced that

particular van to jersey city were it was last rented to the individual by the name of muhammad solomon. salomé was part of a small cell of islamic terrorists incensed by america's support for israel. the attack on the world trade center was their declaration of war. salomé was arrested. the trail led to a storage facility packed with bomb making equipment. but the real mastermind the bomb maker ramzi yousef had fled to pakistan on the night of the world trade center bombing ramzi yosef was basically the lead explosive instructor. in afghanistan teaching other folks to be teachers of builders of thought. you could certainly see

a bomb or signature between the roof and the ninety three crates in a. solemn maze amateurish attempt to reclaim his cash deposit would end in a record two hundred forty. year jail term. but there was nothing funny about use this plan for the twin towers. the bomb van was deliberately parked near one of the towers key structural supports. his aim was to bring down both towers. we got a good blow by sunday night two days after the bombing the slurry foundation would have failed would have allowed some of the hudson river in and cause tower one to collapse most likely into tower two causing it to collapse. ramzi yousef was finally captured in pakistan two years later and extradited back to the united states. he was taken by helicopter to the southern district of net app

for arraignment and as the helicopter flew by the twin towers one of the agents point at the towers and says they're still standing. randy also takes a glance it looks back stoically it says more money and more time and it would not be and he was pretty correct. good is why again in one thousand and twenty. you so struck in one thousand nine hundred three. the car bomb was back on american soil in every major government building was now a target. when i first came to washington just to pull up for the white house and take pictures the intent of the capital was to make it an open place that americans could come walk around drive around it's all gone no it mean this is a city under siege. it's thanks to the car bomb.

naively i always thought the threat would come from overseas never from the heartland of america itself and in oklahoma the dream of the car turned nightmare. on the morning of the nineteenth of april one thousand nine hundred five eight p. murrah federal building in oklahoma city and the midwest was destroyed in an explosion. that massive bomb killed one hundred sixty eight mostly government office workers and shocked america. this was born in the usa terrorism. on the orders of president clinton dave williams was again scientists chief investigator. oklahoma city are affected and you're absolutely. some of the things that i saw in the y.m.c.a.

which is across the street from our ability and it was blood spatter and there were little children's hand prints and then it was a children's daycare center and there was blood everywhere and chocolate milk and cookies and any bears were fingers in here. and that's terrorism when you come right down to it. so then at first our my swag my scientific wild ass guess was that four thousand pounds of band was used very simple combination of ammonium nitrate fertilizer and diesel fuel oil but one of the good breaks was that within minutes jim norman who was an f.b.i. agent pontac in oklahoma city heard the blast saw the blast got his car and drove down and as he's running up to the belly here someone calling his name and it turns

out to be a fireman and he shows him a rear axle with a differential housing and this looks like it was probably part of the vehicle bomb struck a fortune also on that on the differential housing is a matrix number which identifies that make model year and owner of that vehicle turns out it was another ryder truck and was rented out of junction city kansas by a fellow with the name of robert cloying. playing turned out to be an alias but f.b.i. agents obtained a detailed photo fit and appealed for information on t.v. . and we got a call from the dreamland motel in kansas who said they stayed here. by cross referencing. calls made from the room and criminal records the f.b.i. raible to identify a key suspect. we get

a hit on timothy mcveigh in perry county oklahoma about eighty five miles north of oklahoma city and he was in jail for of course we're going to call the jail to see if he's still there and it was so funny that the individual that answered the phone there said yeah we have a commitment here and walking by going for his bail hearing please hold on to. they was arrested just two hours after the bombing as he made his get away it was a routine traffic offense. he was stopped by a state trooper charlie hanger for not displaying a valid license plate he was carrying a concealed weapon. how do you know. they was a right wing militia fanatic who thought the us federal government were tyrants. it was a cold misplaced rage by one man. but with

a rented truck and some cheap ammonium fertilizer. bomb oklahoma with the same power as an f. sixteen fighter bomber. in two thousand and one mcveigh was executed by the federal government. still at eight hundred dollars ago there is no end to other potential timothy mcveigh. but the next attack by a vehicle borne improvised explosive device would shake the world. the nine eleven hijackers turned civilian aircraft into bombs jet. by crashing them into the twin towers. it was truly the ultimate vehicle borne improvised explosive

device a plane. after nine eleven the united states invaded iraq and afghanistan. but in these new wars the car bomb became the key tactical battlefield weapon. militarily the us invasion of iraq was a perfect blitzkrieg. in just three weeks and allied force of three hundred thousand defeated an army of a half a million seizing a country the size of california for the loss of just one hundred thirty nine men. but this stunning victory turn once coalition forces occupied iraqi cities. a car bomb became king of the road.

former u.s. marine colonel thomas hammes served in iraq and is a leading military analyst. what did the car bomb mean for iraq. i think the car bomb changed the basic tactical situation in iraq successful counterinsurgency is based on being among the people close to them when you start bombing and you start to withdraw both government forces the police in iraq and u.s. forces in behind bomb barriers you cut off communication with people and carbone separated the government from the people and at the same time inflict casualties so it was the other big piece of an insurgency and other words kaminski merican people were losing car bomb can't be stopped trying to get up. insurgents use car bombs against any target the u.n. religious shrines police stations and street markets. the blast of the car bomb turned blitzkrieg to defeat. to

counter the car bomb the u.s. military has established a giant zero joint improvised explosive device defeat organization. with an annual budget of four billion dollars. most of joe's work is top secret it fast electronic countermeasures to jam remotely detonated bombs. but some of it is just good old fashioned intelligence. will we defeat the car bomb for i don't think you can ever say that our car is a commercial entity you go buy a car and then if you want to go get some fertilizer if you've got a few stray rounds of one five five shells that you found i mean just suddenly you can make a car bomb and so it's not something that you're ever be able to eliminate from the battlefield because the components are all there. across the world governments are

hardening their buildings putting up bomb barriers defenses against suicide truck bomber. downing street in the white house are turning into fortresses. the car bomb is it the greatest terrorist weapon. it is in my opinion a car bomb is it wreaks terror in everyone any kruk any car any vehicle that prized by could be a bomb leaving vehicle. i could only see it getting more enhanced by any chemical biological or nuclear material with it yes the vehicle bomb is probably the most devastating most impact a terrorist could have an indiscriminate killing how do we stop it i don't believe we can. there is one sure way we could defeat the car bomb. we could walk. but we won't and we can't. the car is as basic

a tool of our civilization as a knife. the car is no longer a dream of freedom it's are a necessity. but as long as there are cars there will be car bombs. truly the car bomb in its make your own simplicity in its perfect invisibility is and will be the decisive weapon of conflict.

we'll. bring you the latest in science and technology from the realm of russia. we dump the huge earth covered. a telemarketer broadcasting live from washington d.c. coming up today on the big picture of.

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