beirut. i loved. it was a great place to be a spy. and then the embassy got hit. by a suicide car bomber. sixty three dead dead american dead lebanese six of my close colleagues friends in the cia were killed. carsten to that saw the bomb go off. so this. is why start the old embassy and then of course the bank and then when i looked up. and i run over and death and destruction and chaos. it was a stunning assault. one man with

a car could wage war on the united states ironically with an american truck. there is one man who knows a lot about lebanese car bombs. mahmoud. a top expert who defused dozens of bombs. christian car bombs palestinian car bombs muslim car bombs. and the long drawn out civil war. and then i was the only expert who was dismantling cobhams in lebanon. became too good at stopping. and then his adversaries decided to target him. one day they left especially for me. it was activated by remote control and as soon as i touch the bomb. blew it up.

feb fourteenth two thousand and five the former lebanese prime minister hariri presidential cavalcade was destroyed by. the c.c.t.v. camera captured the vehicle this white truck. in the traffic. through alongside the bomb went off. really was one of the world's richest man a billionaire. his mercedes was armored to the hilt the six. the best protection level there is. truly a root is the whole of the modern car the car bombs we're seeing today.

were developed on the streets. of baghdad. killing and six police officers. during the war we saw. dozens of lebanese crossing the border into syria. and it was only a matter of time before a car bomb started on. a. car bombing might have become a lebanese national. but the lebanese created the car. like a lot of other things in the twentieth century car bombs are an american invention . by the one nine hundred twenty s. new york had become the financial center of world capitalism. but then in september one thousand twenty wall street was rocked by a massive explosion. it

was the world's first car bomb. where we're walking right now is exactly where if you been standing here on september sixteenth one thousand nine hundred twenty you would have been hit by the bomb over here what was then the u.s. treasury. and of course the stock exchange with the big flags on it there same buildings that would have been here the most famously the morgan bank. and that really was and in some ways still is just the epicenter of american capitalism and government tell me what happened there at about twelve zero one away or strong way again exploded into the lunchtime crowd. that killed about forty people in the street and injured hundreds of people just fairly sophisticated i mean whoever built this thing. knew what they're doing they knew what they were doing

and of course the question immediately became who was that person or who were those people and the best theory is that it was a man named mario buda who was an italian an artist who was a loan operator and he was even within this circle of a militant anarchists very committed revolutionaries he was the committed of the committed what did he want though i mean it was there anything that give us an idea what these guys wanted and there was a lawyer found in a mailbox nearby a couple blocks up that way that said free the political prisoners or it will be death to all of you and it was signed the american an artist fighters the political prisoners were two italian anarchistic sacco and vanzetti who had been arrested and later executed by the federal government after an abortive bank robbery. it was a notorious case critics claimed it was a show trial. was

a close associate of both men. so the idea was that this had been somehow a blow against capitalism the idea of the idea of banks big moment of labor warfare a revolution you just had also dick revolution so that whole system of capitalism government put together was what they were striking a blow at this was the first car bomb right and it was the first car on no course it's not a car in the sense but it was a way to get this invented right here wall street. what happened. would actually fled the united states he went back to italy but he never came back to the states as far as anyone knows. the wall street explosion was not just the first car bomb it was a terrorist blueprint. and the car bomb would next appear in the middle east in palestine in the violent struggle over the founding of the state of israel.

in the one nine hundred forty s. palestine was under british rule. the majority arab population were opposed to a jewish state. the same time extremist jewish factions like the stern gang waged a terrorist campaign against those who they saw as enemies of the future jewish state. arabs and british troops. stern's organization. freedom fighters of israel were determined to drive arabs out by terror from. as their rightful jewish homeland. who started the first car bombing here. whose decision was that.

it was the headquarters of the. leftie were opposed to any deal with the arabs by the mainstream jewish leadership led by david ben-gurion. and planning car bombs was a short cut to provoking all out war. on january the fourth one nine hundred forty eight blessed be struck. their target was the sariah building in the heart of java a densely populated arab district. disguised as arabs a lot he bomb team drove a truck packed with two hundred pounds of explosives and park close to the building . the electric timer was set for eighty seconds to let the bombers get away. the explosion killed twenty eight including innocent passers by and injured hundreds. less he did not have a monopoly on planning car bombs. the palestinians made plans to strike back

using their own bomb maker. trained by the nazis during world war two. thousand the sister. was close to him. she has never spoken about her brother before. she came to what sort of training did he get in germany you know what i do is called commando commander. and he had yesterday to include that wireless devices communications and all types of explosives. six weeks after soraya targeted a jewish stronghold ben yehuda street in the heart of jerusalem essentially and take bin yehuda street well seen charge of the operation he was in charge he planned at the beginning the middle and the end of the street. but you roussillon

in one nine hundred forty eight was an armed camp. jewish areas protected by checkpoints and rifle bearing guards. the only way through. it was to disguise the bomb vehicles as a british military convoy. and the men driving those trucks were six british army deserters who should only vote the two british designer c. were. nude who were the ones that worked with them. just as a matter. of a steamy gun and i thought they were not just so that there was a big in the british soldiers who were working with him and. they were against the british policy keith. people from then and there placed them with other people they did to makan who is thousand used to plan missions with them and they used to carry it out see that whom they next to. parking the truck bombs close to two hotels being used as barracks by jewish fighters the desert or shot

a security guard. and then fled. i don't you know that's a it's a fuse so explosion. they can. get up get out because it's going to be a spill we wanted to distill case we went to for the last. the three thousand pound bombs tore through the surrounding buildings killing sixty. hina was not just an eyewitness she was also a member and had taken part in bombing operations let me ask you this question did the truck bomb make you with the resistance. why it made you angry or make me angry but. leave when people put to a call. to the civilians being killed down to rule against

those who will. tell you no you just. left he were the first terrorist group in the world to use car bombs but they would not. the last. verse the jews then the arabs. the world's first car bomb or. left a planted four. and fallacy planted four hundred twenty people died. the car bombing only stopped in may one thousand nine hundred eight when war broke out and the checkpoints became frontlines. a new terror weapon cheap and convenient had been born. but palestine in one nine hundred forty eight did produce one further novelty. the car bomb as a key assassination weapon when i could to try to blow up the jewish political

leadership. what happened in this building here where he was the government of the jews and it's in this second flow he was the chum bells of this song think of the state of physics that we can go to ups one day. and say believe that if they would kill him jews may not establish that state the special east of the ups and flows in an. explosion and the car. was exploded here how many people were killed when seven people. would have happened if ben-gurion had business office the famine going on with the key. jews wouldn't establish a state because he was only a prime minister the only leader but he was is you can say george washington george

washington of the united states. sas eating your enemy supreme leader is nothing new think of president abraham lincoln. what was new was the car bomb. parked in the right place packed with enough explosives you can target any man on earth. kings and presidents have to drive the roads just like the rest of us and the moment you do your vulnerable. car bombs are so easy you can use them purely for business if your business is controlling the world's heroin supply . in the early sixty's sicilian mafia discovered a new way to make rival mafiosa disappear by booby trapping their cars and blowing them to pieces. in sicily

the power of the mafia is as old as the statute. five million people live here. but hidden amongst them is an estimated seven thousand mafia members. yet the power of the cosa nostra is felt everywhere from the highest political office right down to the smallest market stall. this market is the mafia here. so we how do you know the mafia this year. because. of the. loss to them because you'll. see. things started to change in one nine hundred fifty seven when the sicilian american mafia met in this lavish palermo hotel organize the world's heroin trade.

but business did not run smooth. in one nine hundred sixty three the first mafia war broke out between two clans the greco. and the barbera is. that your mother. giovanni otto is an anti mafia campaigner but he is also the nephew of a key mafia boss cesare. month elo was an ally of the greco. and the first mafioso to be assassinated with a car bomb. was blocking these drive and you needed to go beyond it to enter into that. the car was exactly the same type to a friend because he thought he was his friend. so it got into the new turn the key and the explosion happened. why did they not when they killed your uncle use

a pistol instead of a car bomb in my uncle's murder was the first mafia and their first act of terrorism at least by killing my uncle in this way they wanted to emphasize their revenge given that the mafia stopped using car bombs for seventeen years until a new more ruthless generation of mafia leaders took over and used car bombs to assassinate judges and magistrates. every judge they blew up turned the heat on more arrests trials. but unlike the mafia the next car bombers wanted the blast of their homemade bomb to reverberate all the way to the white house. it was do it yourself terrorism ventral trail of destruction would spanned the globe from ireland oklahoma and the middle

east. the car bomb was about to become the perfect lethal weapon. in the late sixty's students at the university of wisconsin in the midwest were in revolt. there were daily demonstrations protests. alan thompson was an f.b.i. special agent assigned to the state capital madison. and what was it like in one thousand seven hundred what was the student's life what was happening here well the students were. really involved with the the vietnam war there was demonstrations going on and some of them were very violent there was

a lot of tear gas lot of broken windows what was the demand the key demand was to get out of vietnam. but it tiny splinter group of students saw themselves as already at war with the nixon administration. and the nearest target was close at hand the campus army math research center. a research lab funded by the pentagon and housed in the department of physics. at three forty two am on the twenty fourth of august nine hundred seventy an explosion destroyed the army math center. hundreds of f.b.i. agents from all over the united states were sent to wisconsin this was of extreme interest to the white house was that this yellow explosion absolutely it went all the way to the director's desk there was daily contact with the the oval office as

to what was happening out here and why it happened then we had to come up with some answers real fast as to what was what was going on so anyone killed yes. it's a young physicist by the name of robert foster not was killed in the initial blast . the f.b.i. team immediately focused their investigation on a car spotted flaying from the scene at high speed. the bombers were led by a twenty two year old college dropout carl armstrong. this is the route you came up from the y.m. armstrong agreed for the first time to return to the building and talk about the night he bombed wisconsin. where did the idea come from a car bomb my brother who wanted to were like basically you know we were considering ways to our math research center then my brother got its nose oh why

don't we just fill up a truck full of explosives into sudden off the moment and my immediate reaction was that's crazy the armstrong brothers stumbled upon the ultimate terrorist weapon of the twentieth century. but there was another deadly twist they bought the base materials for their explosives in the local hardware store. first while we bought the materials from a farmer's morning nitrate and fuel oil and then we transported it to our site which was a farmer's field and basically we just put it on the ammonium nitrate and you know except by hand own only just poured it into the barrel. and you get the idea we didn't have the internet. so basically the formula is in the encyclopedia britannica under what. explosives how much of the whole thing cost

you. two hundred dollars for. carl and his three fellow student bombers then stole a van. and mix the explosives together. they drove to the university. inside the van was a ton and a half of explosives. oh i am. ashamed that you know robert people were injured. but i have no regrets for my motivations for doing it and doing the right it was a message and we were trying to send it on to the government. after the bombing armstrong fled to canada and was a fugitive for two years. but was then extradited back to wisconsin. his trial was a cause celebre for many in the end i wore

a movement. he served ten years in prison. sad part about it is that the the research that they claim of the army meth research center was doing was not research for the army at all so in other words this is an act of protest the turning back to murder absolutely absolutely our producers counterproductive here in madison and probably throughout the united states you know the significance of this is you can take a group of amateurs. with almost no money would like one hundred dollars stolen car fertilizer. so it was in a sense it was a turning point absolutely basically one hundred dollars you can shake a country exactly. the question is that so much you're going to. have

a lot of people here as an applicant if he turns eighteen going to chops legacy season love to broaden losed at home as glasnost and perestroika become distant memories. we. close our team has been to the university and republic. the center of russian defense production. now while she heads to central russia. on the crops of become an industry. credit harsh winter to make sport even more enjoyable. and where everyone can train to be a stunt man. to the jaroslav. russia close up on oxy.

we'll. bring you the latest in science and technology from around russia. we've got the few jerks covered.

all c's top stories this taken so it is sending military back into the libyan opposition there are three is the uprisings in north africa could turn into another disastrous war the middle east and while russia and other countries have said they are against foreign military intervention in the region. china will challenge you as the secretary of state hillary clinton says the u.s. is losing the global war for hearts and minds to rivals like al jazeera and all see while revealing she is one of those villains america's need to corporations are not up to the job. the first they'll be president of the soviet union celebrates his end his boss day. into history as the man associated with the fall of the berlin wall and his democratic reforms but critics say they've lost destruction to the effects of which they claim are still being felt in today's russia. next level and

he's going to discuss how the legacy of my whole global child is sin both in his own country and across the atlantic coast talkers up next. and. if you want to eat. alone with computable as he turns eighty. you see. broad in lou's good home as glasnost and perestroika become distant memories we ask how will history judge demand you see me week end of history. and.