con is a report on our keep. bringing you the latest in science technology from the world. we go to the future of coverage. broadcasting live from our studios in central moscow this is our team we're glad to have you with us. fighting intensifies in libya as colonel gadhafi steps up attacks on with his forces meeting fierce resistance locals fear military intervention by british and american forces stationed nearby could only add to the violence and egypt adjusts to life after revolution officials say the shadow cast by the unrest is costing the country millions every month in lots of stores dollars while some

are still celebrating the toppling of president mubarak others are beginning to feel the financial reform of the revolt. dictator or revered leader fifty eight years after his death josef stalin still divides opinion archie takes a look at one of history's most controversial figures and up next we have a special report for you about the demand and supply of the world's food find out why millions of people die from hunger each year when there's more than enough to feed the planet. was in order to understand how the system works it is necessary to look at the parties involved the producer and the buyer for example the producer and the buyer agree that one will sell and the other will buy a specific amount of weight at a specific price and that the products will be delivered in a year from now for that they sign an agreement which is known as a time contract was such contracts insure producers and buyers against such

risks as bad weather and sudden changes in prices. i'm if you're a farmer you're afraid that prices are going to fall you can lock in the price months ahead of when you harvest by selling here and get rid of the risk or you can do the same if you're a full buyer a processor like to a general mills or kellogg's or coast and you can lock in the priced of the grain months ahead of when you actually need to buy it so that when you actually do go buy it if prices are much higher you've got it bought already at a much lower price a lot of. these contracts to not remain inert they are bought and sold by profiteers and the contract might swap hands dozens of times before it expires for example buyers purchase contracts for wheat at a low price if the price we close up they have made

a profit. we're transferrin risk for purpose of the exchange is to transfer risk from people that have it like farmers and don't want it to people like myself speculators to take the risk because if you take a risk and you're right to make money course if you are wrong you lose money i. since two thousand and six big players have begun to appear at the chicago brain market. now there not only traditional players at the pits but also managers of huge financial institutions that until a few years ago showed no interest in investing in the food. the financial markets which had been very greedy in lending money for mortgages in

the united states and lost on the want page market the sun crime crisis as it was called led to a collapse in investments. with the market crumbling because of the mortgage crisis highly investing profiteer saw a new opportunity in the food boehm vade of the chicago markets and began to buy time contracts in unprecedented quantities causing prices to shoot up. investors jumped out of real estate and housing and jumped on the bandwagon of primary commodities food commodities then money and the monopoly control of every business companies like cargill drove the prices upwards. i totally disagree with that kind of talk that speculators are not behind the big rise in prices speculation has very very little to do with it.

when bubbles break liquid gets splashed all over the place and yes there is not a question there was some paralysis so. i don't doubt for a moment that speculators move grain prices do i think that they move grain prices by one hundred percent now i think that speculators problem move move the grain prices by. twenty percent fifteen percent. prices would have gone up anyway. because of the weather problems on the weak dollar and the export bans. world strax that's why prices run up the hunger that has become permanent and global is totally the creation of the global food system the global food system is not created to feed the people of the world is created to maximize the profits for monsanto the

seeds of cargill for free for selling pesticides herbicides fertilizer in the period of two thousand and seven to two thousand and eight while food prices doubled the profits of these companies also doubled. so if you want to understand why prices are going up while be politely lest you just have to look at these companies when santa is going up every seed company of the world cargill controls about seventy percent stake will treat the world and they would like to control hundred percent and they would like the situation with a prayer that seems give us this day our daily bread is a prayer not to call the creator but is a pray carville and would send. us company monsanto is the world's biggest trader of genetically modified seeds. it began as a small producer of chemicals turning into one of the creators of the infamous

agent orange in the sixty's and seventy's a poison that was used in the vietnam war deforested huge areas and caused cancer and tetra genesis which continues to affect the country even today. in two thousand and two the company obtained permission from the government of india to introduce a genetically modified cotton seed in the market no one knows bt called it is genetically enraged in laboratories with the bacteria capable of killing the parasites but flatten this plant. we have been able to develop a technology called border guard a bt cotton technology where we. produce a seed that has protection from pests thereby helping farmers almost double their cotton production reduce the number of pesticides they've been using in the field to control those pests and really increase their average income in six years after

the introduction of. india has become the world's second largest producer and second largest exporter in introduction of midi cotton. for centuries the farmers of india cultivated their farms and their seeds which were given to them by mother earth. and. they are a gift from the gods that belong to no one and gave everyone the right to use. that. i'm how much. we would plant our own seeds from what we used for food we would keep a few of the following year we would plant those same seeds. with liquids i thought they were a natural segue but it was not. because there was a droll they'd come out fine just the same that. we had our own c.n.n.

we didn't go to the market we had no separate expenses for that number. it's. it's. so so it's . we had cotton we had corn we had peppers we had everything. the seeds yours. they were ours the peppers the corn the cotton were ours. and you

want to price for your crowd yes a even won a prize so if your seeds were good why did you take the others the others were also using them we thought we could get a better harvest. and we used them to that's how it happened. so. with these seeds we got ourselves into debt. and. so. they assured us we would get two hundred kilos from each field. the first time we had only a few expenses for the scenes only then we used fertilizers and once or twice you know now we use them five times and it's not enough.

i thought. the me not only the soil has lost its strength because of the d.t. carton and if we use a different seed nothing grows you don't use your own seeds no we do not. still. you can't imagine their deception they would bring p.t. seeds and say we don't need to use a lot of chemicals. come in for a year it was like that however the following year a new parasite bug arrived. right at the beginning they said we wouldn't need to spray at all. then they said you must use some for this bug or this for the other bug so what is the situation now. look at what those months on to produce but it also produces chemicals and who is the biggest trader in chemicals. that you think will start bringing their chemicals and pesticides to

the market would any company give up on profit no but if so yes the farmers in india cultivate expensive crops they depend on multinationals for seeds medicine fertilizers of which they need more and more. the same farmer that spent nothing on seeds before now must spend forty percent on stilts. before there were no expenses and fertilizer is now twenty percent close to that the farmer would not use any president now that amounts to ten percent i mean all this adds up to seventy percent that they must put on the cost of them so that you know not only. it was a very bad day he was going round and round about his mother was sick in bed with he came in sat back there his wife was sleeping there.

he didn't see what he did buddy had soaked in self and petrol. and we saw a very strong fire and then he came in fell here. we were all here. but i thought my. good and he was burning in front of our eyes he burned very quickly because the. girl smiled in the. dark we did everything we could to save him we took him to the hospital but he died two or three hours later. and. he would tell us he knew we told him not to take it too seriously we didn't imagine

he would do something like that he was worked up and sat thinking alone for hours we would tell him the hard days would pass that's what we tell him that with. it's. a story that we have suddenly become scandinavians and they would see the sunlight and they were getting a present of promise and in their lives it's amazing how heartless out the human imagination can be when it wants to find excuses to not i understand the real roots of the crisis the government's own data shows that the majority of farmers who've

committed suicide with deeply indebted are going to shools the majority of them look into it because the country. will see sides of the two hundred thousand are in the option bent most of them have grown between culture and the story of indian farmers is the story of how these are places corporations have emerged as criminal operations i often see is two hundred thousand people have been killed by a dictator we would have gone into genocide. suicides in india or a tragic phenomena and unfortunately have existed we had before the introduction of bt cotton in two thousand and two it was the suicides that he indebtedness and so

often other causes are inadequate infrastructure and education. and for all sorts of. she would say nothing. of the she would say nothing about alone i always find human worry deep in thought. she was always worked up his mind was working all the time. she was never happy she would pretend to be happy outside inside the house he seemed lost. i talk to him i told you god has tested us lets not warry will get through this i said but she said that was

impossible because we had debts and knew harvest. how will belief. how we will raise our children how. all that war a team and she wouldn't tell. when we were at school and the girls told me her father drank poison i couldn't understand what he drank and what it was.

i'll be late with the seeds they give us that is the main cause of suicide they put in ny leaders and set it. in the past any tree that gave seeds if we kept them and preserve them for the whole season and planted a tree the next year it would grow just like the one before but it would be cool if we keep the seeds from this one nothing will grow no one told the farmers this. eventually the village learns that this person cannot produce anything. but. why then not even the loaner will lend him money the bank won't lend him money. but if he gets depressed well let me based on a bit there. the day comes when he will do something. and that is why our situation has become so tragic because of the seeds.

but even if the farmers keep the seeds for the following year they risk being sued by the company the seeds are patent protected which means they are the intellectual property of monsanto. as strange as it sounds through this patent to consolidate something that is alive has its own invention and has the right to exploited exclusively for twenty years. if a farmer keeps some seeds to plant next year then he is accused of being a criminal. he will be fined with twenty five thousand rupees which is three hundred eighty euros but we can be small farmers pay a twenty five thousand rupee fine. before we would keep our own seeds and use them the following year if the farmer doesn't have to go there each year. tell me is that fair on humanity certain followers have. entered into contracts

with us stating that they will. use the seed. and then for some reason to use the seed the following season that violates the contract we had with these farmers it is a very small number. and in most cases we look thought out these differences out of court so when you apply. that you can't see the seed for the growing season first of all your massively increase in the cost of production for farmers massively. business out there with boring money from everyone to buy seeds and we ran out of money. to. buy them when they asked us kind of the my husband killed himself because of the debts with neighbor. we couldn't save and his same. article that she was depressed to that was

huge. minus about now i don't know what to do when my husband brought to money market the nobody will lend money to woman in the if someone especially here. in this situation hurts me and i feel so sad. that. the cotton seed early on don't have protection against poor. farmers had to spray best science. and scientists agriculture scientists around the world what able to find a more sustainably we can protect the plant against those against that one that was a technology called bt cotton which is an interesting it's

a product of the science in the seat. truly in all agog a way that controls the efforts of large seed suppliers and those companies now are going beyond the patenting it was single driver idea to say we can patent all plants and we can patent all crops with a single work claiming traits within those fridays and in those crops that are common to all of them. so we control everything we control the filesystem. did they make the seeds know until today nature made the seeds did they create anything living they couldn't. whereas russian seventy's no proprietary secret plan or whatsoever not really but today eighty two percent of the sea salt are propriety and they're part of

a pattern people see. that's an enormous change. and. genetically engineered crops do not produce no hope but they tell the light lock them up it's more straight does not feed people it leads people hungrier because a globalised tree then becomes a trade controlled by agribusiness corporations who can get the price as they want and they want to speculate upwards they speculate upwards when they want to fix the prices downwards to capture markets they take the prices down let's and as their profits increase people stop. so they've got what they need out of this they've got to control it frankly now because they have that control they don't need biotech anymore they got the marketplace is to them they control the first link in the future. so they have one of. the

it was the it was it with the was the it with the with. the water. possibly it's not traded now but it could be in the future perhaps sure. i don't know much about it because there is no market to buy and sell water maybe there will be in the future if i have a market where people who need water and a market of people who have water can get together and through their own best interest discover and that's an important word the sky over the price of that of that commodity i know who or how they're

a government how can a government alcan. a group of supposed intellectual sit down and say this is the price of water everywhere around the world. will there be circumstances where some people will not have water. yes. the that will happen that is the harsh reality of how markets function and the do you sometimes run out of soap yes whose fault is that probably yours because she didn't go to the store to buy any should you blame the government no. it's your fault.

elaine.