we'll. bring you the latest in science and technology from. the future covering. broadcasting live from our studios in central moscow this is our g.d.p. the week's top stories right here british special forces soldiers are released by libyan opposition as fears grow of foreign military intervention in the country experts claim any military action in libya would be driven because of skyrocketing fuel prices in the u.s. . winning hearts and minds abroad hillary clinton asks for more funding to spread the u.s. message overseas as more people turn to alternative sources for news the u.s.

secretary of state says america is losing an information war to many foreign outlets including our t.v. . and in a bid to regain public trust major reforms to see the russian police force remain and officers retrain selection that will be more rigorous and paid increased in the hope of turning out more professional officers. and up next it's our special report focusing on the history of the car bomb a weapon that has become synonymous with terrorism of the twentieth century. i am i have known many of you know i repeat my. homemade explosives slipped across the atlantic into the hands of the ira. the world's first full scale car bomb or was now ready to began. and the material to make the bombs was lying around in every farmer's barn in ireland.

china callaghan was a senior ira bomb maker at the time my understanding is that the ira was running out of explosives and so yes we can generate great difficulty in getting hold of the commercial explosives to get small amounts which could steal from cleverly you could find someone to knock and would find the money much of that net not change this probably and biggest commercial for any out of public government to share in the computer one faction of the british took countermeasures to make it more difficult for the ira to make and for. simply boiling up fertilizer to make explosives no longer works. but the ira also found ways around those restrictions. and ramped up their car bomb more. tommy gorman was one of the ira's top bomb makers in belfast in the one nine

hundred seventy s. . tommy's job was to assemble the bombs set the timer before handing over the device to the bomb team who drove the car to its target in the city center. because people who got sick attacked because they had to stay in error and you got someone who was nervous and never start to panic if they got held up in traffic but about women i swear i am just as good as mad so when i better know. one of those women was marion price i mean i didn't i didn't from even the time i was too young i didn't have a license but i've been in a car that was laden with explosives the been brought in developed us and we were stopped by the british army and i got time we had the exposed in the dark on the car to the social when he opened the door for me and i said to the next moment when

i got in the car because i'm going to mimic he i think he was more interested in looking at mason he was with the car. most of the time the ira called in warnings. that the ira say was economic terrorism building not bodies. under their own rules killing civilians was wrong. but planning car bombs is not an exact science. and when the ira messed up people lots of people die. on the afternoon of the twenty first of july one thousand nine hundred seventy two the ira planted twenty two car bombs in the center of belfast. all time to go off within minutes of each other. bloody friday was the world's first mass car bomb attack on. the ira phone in warnings but one

bomb prematurely exploded in oxford street bus station. killing six passengers. many others were horribly mutilated. are you ashamed of what happened and what a friday order of five i was a terrible terrible day there's no way that the security forces could have cared because it's the spread of bombs are everywhere. but the slaughter on bloody friday did not stop the ira. the bombing campaign excel aerated. in one nine hundred seventy two there were one thousand three hundred eighty two explosions. the ira leadership was now ready to bring the car bomb on to the streets of london. it was our job to go and pick the targets and plan the operation.

on march the eighth one thousand nine hundred seventy three the ira attack blinded for the first time and planted four car bombs. nineteen year old marion price was leader of the bomb team we went along on the morning that the bombs went off and the driver on the person he was to set the timer they got up at six in the morning they goofed up the homes to their targets and it was planned by the time the bombs we call thought afternoon at three o'clock. and leave it all to human. marion chose for spectacular targets including the old bailey courthouse. but the most prestigious target was new scotland yard. peter gurney a bomb disposal officer was on duty that day. and i found a four col thought the number plates on the did not relate to that particular

vehicle the growth of green time for it with so we decided that what we would do we would go into the booth through the rear seats were in theory and you would see that it was packed with explosives. close one hundred eighty pounds of exposure the problem was moving forward from exposure but not the initiator we had no idea how long it was there on the cloth we just discarded through with to take the explosive away from the bomb. guard five pound larger exposure to put them on the other saw the road towards the bomb went off with the rest of those if. the building hadn't been of are very good and the officials crossed all the windows working those were what was the significance of this bomb these were the first car bombs used in the. two bombs did explode. the irish war was now on the streets of london. marion spent the next decade in prison but over the next twenty five years the ira

would explode thousands of car bombs. just one bomb could destroy a small town or blast the heart of the key financial center like the city of london . bomb disposal officer might call greg was called out to diffuse the biggest ira bomb of all. round about ten twenty seven somebody morning. tremendous blast from the truck up there in bishopsgate about three hundred thousand kilograms i exploded. so in a blast wave that ripped all. windows out of the whole area. the ira deliberately planted the bishopsgate bomb on a saturday morning knowing that most of those city offices would be empty. it was economic terrorism. food shortage bishopsgate was thrown

about one billion pounds. imagine twenty times the amount of devastation in city centers around the united kingdom. the ira never won their war in ireland but the british lost theirs on the streets of the city of london. did you think this was going to change the politics of northern ireland when this bomb went off oh no doubt about it and i saw the devastation and realised what a launch those bombs were ushered in eighteen months we'll be talking peace. at the height of the troubles the ira churned out car bombs as if on a production line. but you don't need a secret army to launch a car bomb attack. even the smallest terrorist cell can make a one off fertilizer bomb. in one nine hundred ninety three the same year as bishopsgate

car bombers would return to america and strike again at new york's financial district. the target was the world trade center. on friday feb nineteenth a massive explosion ripped through the underground parking garage of the north tower. david williams was the chief f.b.i. investigator. were we walked into the trade center it was kind of like walking into a cave. you hear people screaming in the background rescue workers basically you had

a crater that was five stories. in one nine hundred ninety three world trade center bombing was the first major terrorist attack on american soil since the one nine hundred twenty s. on wall street. the f.b.i. was in charge but local police forces like the new york city bomb squad part of the team. don saddam was sent into the bomb crater on sunday afternoon forty eight hours after the blast to help a forensic chemist team take samples. but then saddam we spotted this strange metal fragment crumpled and twisted by the power of the explosion. what was unusual was the damage that was so ripped and twisted i've been to scenes in organized crime where people were killed with car bombs and completely blew a car up but i've never seen the undercarriage blown out into pieces as as i was looking at there so i knew that this had to be right next to possibly the vehicle

that would bring such a large vehicle bomb in here and i took my gloves off and as i ran my thumb inside i could feel it like in a christian it was a star shape letters letters numbers numbers numbers and then this ended in a starship and i knew that this was a confidential the number. confidential vehicle identification numbers are inscribed on different parts of a car by the manufacturer to help police identified stolen vehicles. at that point i made a decision and i said to the team we have to take this this is out of here i know it's against the law this and i see dawn and you know carrying a stretcher up for you know i get closer i see that they have a piece of metal on the stretcher i started to raise hell because they were moving the evidence before we were up and running with a level of control center but soon forensic teams confirm said always hunch. it was

now just fifty hours from the time of the explosion and the hunt for the bomb there and the bombers was rolling. and that led to a break in the case that was obviously a great break in the case because we were able to trace the number back as a forward connel line owned by right around allegiant city and traced that particular van to jersey city were it was last rented to the individual by the name of muhammad solomon. salomé was part of a small cell of islamist terrorists incensed by america's support for israel. the attack on the world trade center was their declaration of war. salomé was arrested. the trail led to a storage facility packed with bomb making equipment. but the real mastermind the bomb maker ramzi yousef had fled to pakistan on the night of the world trade center

bombing. ramzi yosef was basically the lead explosive instructor. in afghanistan teaching other folks could be teachers of builders of tom. and you could certainly see a bomb or signature between beirut and the ninety three trade center. solemn a's amateurish attempt to reclaim his cash deposit would end in a record two hundred forty year jail term. but there was nothing funny about useless plan for the twin towers. the bomb van was deliberately parked near one of the towers key structural supports. his aim was to bring down both towers. we got a good blow by sunday night two days after the bombing the slurry foundation would have failed it would have allowed some of the hudson river and cause tower one to

collapse most likely into tower two causing it to collapse. ramzi yousef was finally captured in pakistan two years later and extradited back to the united states. he was taken by helicopter to the southern district of manhattan for rain and as the helicopter flew by the twin towers one of the agents point at the towers and says they're still standing. around he also takes a glance it looks back stoically it says more money and more time and it would not be and he was pretty correct. good is why again in one nine hundred twenty. you says truck in one nine hundred ninety three. the car bomb was back on american soil in every major government building was now a target. when i first came to washington tourists just pull up for the white house

and take pictures the intent of the capitol was to make it an open place that americans could come walk around drive around it's all gone now i mean this is a city under siege. and it's thanks to the cargo. naive lee i always thought the threat would come from overseas never from the heartland of america itself and in oklahoma the dream of the car turned nightmare. on the morning of the nineteenth of april one thousand nine hundred five eight p. murrah federal building in oklahoma city and the midwest was destroyed in an explosion. a massive bomb killed one hundred sixty eight mostly government office workers and shocked america. this was born in the usa terrorism. on

the orders of president clinton dave williams was again scientists chief investigator. oklahoma city there an effect on you absolutely. some of the things that i saw in the y.m.c.a. which is cross the street from the our ability and it was spatter and there were little children hamper and so on that night it was a children's day care center and there was blood everywhere chocolate milk and cookies and candy bears were fingers in here. and that's terrorism when you come right down to it. so that first hour my swag my scientific while ask yes was that four thousand pounds of anfo was used very simple combination of ammonium nitrate fertilizer and

diesel fuel but one of the good breaks was that within minutes jim norman who was an f.b.i. agent bomb tech in oklahoma city heard the blast saw the blast got his car and drove down and as he's running up to the belly he hears someone calling his name and it turns out to be a fireman and he shows him a rear axle with a differential housing and says this looks like it was probably part of the vehicle bar struck a fortune also on that on the differential housing is a new tricks number which identifies that make model year and owner of that vehicle turns out it was another ryder truck and was rented out of junction city kansas by a fellow with the name of robert cloying. playing turned out to be an alias but f.b.i. agents came to detailed photo fit and appealed for information on t.v.

. and we got a call from the dreamland motel in kansas who said they stayed here. by cross referenced. calls made from the room and criminal records the f.b.i. raible to identify a key suspect. we had a hit on they in perry county oklahoma about eighty five miles north of oklahoma city and he was in jail for of course we're going to call the jail to see if he's still there and it was so funny that the individual that answered the phone there said yeah we have a commitment face here and he's walking by going for his bail hearing please hold on to. they was arrested just two hours after the bombing as he made his get away it was a routine traffic offense. he was stopped by a state trooper charlie hanger for not displaying

a valid license plate he was carrying a concealed weapon. how do you know. they was a right wing militia fanatic who thought the us federal government were tyrants. it was a cold misplaced rage by one man. but with a rented truck and some cheap ammonium fertilizer mcveigh would bomb oklahoma with the same power as an f. sixteen fighter bomber. in two thousand and one mcveigh was executed by the federal government. still at eight hundred dollars ago there is no end to other potential timothy mcveigh. but the next attack by a vehicle borne improvised explosive device would shape the world.

the nine eleven hijackers turned civilian aircraft into the bombs joe. by crashing them into the twin towers. it was truly the ultimate vehicle borne improvised explosive device a plane. after nine eleven the united states invaded iraq and afghanistan. but in these new wars a car bomb became the key tactical battlefield weapon. militarily the us invasion of iraq was a perfect blitzkrieg. in just three weeks and allied force of three hundred thousand defeated an army of a half a million seizing a country the size of california for the loss of just one hundred thirty nine men.

but this stunning victory turn once coalition forces occupied iraqi cities. became king of the road. former u.s. marine colonel thomas hammes served in iraq and is a leading military analyst. what did the car bomb attack. i think the car bomb changed the basic tactical such wars in iraq successful counterinsurgency is based on being among the people close to them when you start bombing and you start to withdraw both government forces the police in iraq and u.s. forces in behind bomb barriers you cut off communication the people the car bomb separated the government from the people and at the same time inflict casualties so it was the other pretty piece of an insurgency another was convincing merican

people were losing car bomb can't be stopped how to get up. insurgents use car bombs against any target the u.n. religious shrines police stations and street markets. the blast of the car bomb turned blitzkrieg to defeat. to counter the car bomb the u.s. military has established gyda joint improvised explosive device defeat organization . with an annual budget of four billion dollars. most of joe's work is top secret it vast electronic countermeasures to jam remotely detonated bombs. but some of it is just good old fashioned intelligence. will we defeat the car from there i don't think you can ever say that a car is a commercial entity you go buy

a car and then if you want to go get some fertilizer if you've got a few stray rounds of one five five shells such a founder i mean just suddenly you can make a car bomb and so it's not something that you're ever going to be able to eliminate from the battlefield because the components are all there. across the world governments are hardening their buildings putting up bomb barriers defenses against suicide truck bomber. downing street in the white house are turning into fortresses . a car bomb is it the greatest terrorist weapon. in the us in my opinion a car bomb is it wreaks terror in everyone any truck any car and it collects rise by could be leaving vehicle. i can only see it getting more enhanced by any chemical biological or nuclear material yes the vehicle bomb is probably the most devastating most impact it carries could have an indiscriminate killer how do we

stop it i don't believe we can. there is one sure way we could defeat a car bomb. we could walk. but we won't and we can't. the car is as basic a tool of our civilization as a knife. the car is no longer a dream of freedom it's are a necessity. but as long as there are cars there will be car bombs. truly the car bomb and its make your own simplicity in its perfect invisibility is and will be a decisive weapon of conflict. this

implies. to me you are the first and the d.v.d. radio in day in intensive no number for the bars he goes to spread in the us. most dangerous. radiation that exists in the nature. of cars because in the vicinity of known differentiated so produce is so not the

genetic changes including cancer leukemia. arising out of the immune system. you don't have to have a college degree going to have to pay for an education don't understand that if you spread radioactive materials all over somebody's backyard you got a problem. can be observed nature and discover is being seen. to. be communicate with the laws and listen. to test yourself and become free. and see what nature can give you a nazi.

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