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to. say. among the snowy peaks gorges rocks english years of the greater caucasian mountain range lies the republic of north to set. high in the mountains where men rarely venture wild nature lives on untouched.

the habitat of the caucasian gold and other animals is guarding closely here. from the top of the mountains the rivers rush into hundreds of streams which turn into endless waterfalls. this fanciful landscape but attracts many rock climbers they can make their own roof among the rocks chains and mountain tops up to four thousand meters. in spring time the weather here can change several times in a day the landscape is slowly coming to life snowdrops are the first flowers to welcome the warmth of spring the tiny blossoms lurk in last year's grass.

the alligator gorge and on river is the reserve's main waterway water is only just beginning to flood its wide bay. in early spring people used the river to get to the rocky range where a cave known as should be. is situated along a tributary of the larger river a nature reserve staff only learned about its existence by chance when you're not here we had not been aware of its systems for ten years when locals told us about it they said she put it once being sheltered in the caves first tunnel and when we first came here we did see the tracks left by sheep yes that's right i remember the first time i came here we did see tracks left by sheep. the cave extends for more than a kilometer several narrow corridors hide a large central chamber the cave walls are covered in drip stones still are tights

and still like markets. in the north caucasus largest bat rookery hibernates deep underneath the ground they represent the redbook species and mount seir bat and the horseshoe nosed bat more than two thousand bats gather here in the winter they cuddle together in order to survive the cold weather in summer they fly to the foothills and return again in autumn they start preparing for migration in early spring and when they split up into smaller groups. sometimes i find that all of about it's covered with jew. and they look very nice like covered in tensile. ok visit closed ecosystem the humidity is one hundred percent and the temperature in the caves is constant which is exactly what bats need cumin should avoid staying

in the caves for long as they start to have an impact on the special climate conditions. feedback that with you know we keep the good guys and you hear them calling. you know this means we've warmed up they're confined have a job. if they start flying around they will use up their funds and may not survive until spring. so let's get out of here. on the way back the rangers run into an unexpected obstacle to our riverbed starts to filling with water the water is now blocking their path. a few hours later no vehicle to clear this hurdle the only path to the cave will be

gradually immersed in water and will be impossible to use it again before next spring. they are doing river springs from the glaciers of the greater caucasus mountain range and runs the length of the nature reserve scientists say more than one hundred mountain streams and springs swiftly replenish the dawn with water. punching in their reserves prohibited armed rangers make daily rounds of its territory as a rule their routes run through the wooded slopes of mountain gorges. the wild boars inhabit the foothills unfortunately they still fall easy prey to hunters

because they're obvious targets they light grazing in open spaces and rarely go uphill. lyn march scattered across the reserve reflect the history of what has set you. people first began using caves and overhanging rocks as dwellings times. a loans where the ancestors of the a said they built stone fortifications overlooking mountain pass so they be more easily defensible. in those days even temper lanes mighty army was unable to cross this territory the highlanders block the mountain passes and pelted his troops with stones. to destroy these tell was began to built in the middle ages their earliest period dates back

to the fourteenth or seventeenth century. towers or the most celebrated architectural landmarks of ancient north a set yet they differ in height and shape as a rules large extended families lived in wide short. taller ones were used as lookout points and for other defensive purposes the towers were built close to villages and in gorges with paths used by troops on foot and on horseback many were extensions of forbidding clips. rock faces but was really very provided protection from clan infighting among the diverse arrays. was served as beacons if people manning which tell was in the lowest lying villages at the entrance to the door which noticed approaching enemy troops then they would lie going full as people in all the town was so the smoke and post the signal was in remote parts of the go in

church. in accordance with the longstanding tradition building in talent was to take no more than a year if builders failed to meet the deadline the structure was pulled down and built a new towers belonging to the same clay and were regarded as sanctuaries in due course they became symbols of the clans power and wealth as time went by they turned into veritable objects of worship. one of the most revered sanctuaries of via set in people is a medieval architectural site called the record located in the gorge eighteen hundred meters above sea level. what the feel of going to finally go for it i can test indicates that the sea here disappeared from here in the south or eleventh century and with. this fence was built

a couple of centuries later the. initial in orthodox church was here when orthodoxy grew weaker it was turned into a pagan sanctuary. to the scholars or warns of animals killed by hunters were brought here. scientists don't yet know exactly when the record was built only logs were used to make it no nails or anything made of. carved poles support the wooden roof they feature patterns that look like a camel's head resting on a long neck. arrow and spirit heads have been found here according to legend of a city in principles but the tar was captured with rumor has it that even travelers visiting displacing the eighteenth century saw it one of the.

only natural features are destined to be the reserves eternal landmarks. over the centuries water and wind have crafted unique mountain landscapes. many of them are hidden from the inquisitive eyes of tourists only the staff of the nature reserve are aware of their vocation. fip over the top of this will file is cool to the ring is a unique natural feature of this century the cultures and the river has broken through lying stone beds here to make a hole in the shape of a ring there was a reflector that it forms a rainbow. thought wonderfalls like this one are rare not only in the caucasus but in the entire world the stone rate is about two metres wide. its

broadest part consists of three layers of limestone the age of the rock is estimated between one hundred and one hundred twenty million years for. more than a start and the most is absolutely pure i would say it's the standard for natural water it's filmed in the coast examined in the limestone of the carioca range there also is crystal clear off the filtering through many kilometers of limestone not over. the cut since he came in with rock terraces grados and knishes begins right under the ring waterfall it took the car to go on mountain stream thousands of years to force its way through the rock. for. live with it you know it's swaying many tones tumble down from cliff tops and terrace edges a stream and winds are no moves through the stones and blockages this is where troll

school. needs very clean water for life but it's a rare species in the most and streams of the caucuses. the canyons must seawalls date back to the drastic period in winter they're covered with heights they're known as weeping walls because of the constant dripping water in summer. if. the reserves mountain streams overflowed their banks in early spring but they're not the main threat to the mountain paths rockslide said in with the arrival of warm weather. thank. cultures that so much given to the huge decision on iraq with the growing sandstorm

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in spring caucasian goats open mating season in the mountains of the north of nature reserve. this is the best time for observing what are otherwise quite secretive animals and scientists take full advantage of the opportunity. getting to their habitats is quite a problem though avalanches stand in the way. one of them is blocked the road leading to the fuel gun gorge where rangers have seen call cation goes up. we'll show. you normally conditions so we could go on to the village off a log by car but no we'll have to walk. some hundred metres wide in fact there have been through our actions here a week ago the avalanche fell here. we'll try to take another road.

the trains carcasses highways the reserves most avalanche prone area with up to two hundred fifty avalanches each season. a snow slide can be set off from a shelter from skis touching it slightly or from a drift of snow. snow usually slides down slowly from the slope and avalanche of dry snow is the fastest and most dangerous current. place yes everything's ready. in north as says a special militia fights avalanche six. attention i want. one accurate shot since the snow flowing down here it's.

an avalanche filling the gun gorge during the night nobody was hit by snow slabs but the road was entirely blocked caucasian goats are grazing somewhere in the mountains and rangers will have to go on foot to reach them. i mean the several arch occurred a few days ago about a week ago. and was a fire then i'm sure a couple of meters. sometime ago there was a good chance of people encountering caucasian goats on the mountain paths today scientists tend to observe them through their binoculars these graceful animals prefer the higher altitudes. caucasian goats have no difficulty clearing steep slopes they almost never slip off as they know how to spread their center of

gravity evenly and choose the right foot hold and they have no fear of heights. the east caucasian variety of goats and habits this reserve is possible to tell them apart by the shape of their horns with them flew over our grail girls have horns in the form of a partial spiral you know what will it be like this like it that at the ends of the koreans spiral upwards the right horn points to the left and the left horn points to the right. cohesion going so wild animals. high in the mountains and they often allow rock climbers to come surprisingly close . to more than width the a typical if you can my damn matter of ten meters if the goals have got used to the presence of people who are the only i

wanted. to go to are quite tolerant of them near the training camps of herat climbers and the good or when they camp for the night up in the mountains being there and. nope. there are many fascinating routes for climbing into see a switch in the reserve law they often use the cliff faces in glaciers for training any ascent is always fraught with risk. a small cliff is the best place for training and testing out new gear right. i'd be careful as a goal down from here. what someone wants phones ourselves in an extreme situation there was strong gusts of quint during our ascends visibility was

a mere ten metres in those conditions we couldn't climb down from the top of the mountain i was a beginning rock climbing that was my first climb needless to say i was a risk as a wise climber never ventures into the mountains alone three climbers is the minimum number. summer is the ideal season for challenging clients. and spring climbers examine the best way to get up the mountains work out new routes and compare mountain terrain with its map descriptions. what we are going to the ice prince. let's try and climb through that snow there and come from the right side through the rock. shooting rock steer. well

we'll see when we reach the place. which i thought ok let's get going. climbing even to the lower peaks of the mountain range takes no small effort. to err is human and rarefied this sun is blinding snow may collapse at any moment the climbers have to exert themselves to conquer the fight mountain. in accordance with tradition once a top the summit rock climbers drink tea with bitter chocolate. it will help yourself. but show me why in my career what attracts me to the mountains that's the most difficult question i can think of to use the i don't think any climber or family stream sports could answer it but there are simply i enjoy rock climbing and the beautiful landscape. just descends on the mountains rapidly and in spring the

weather can change very quickly the climbers need to get down as fast as possible. but mazes receiving. their group rich the top at thirteen forty five when they getting the descend what's the weather like just fine everything's ok going down. yes thanks. the bulk of the reserve is situated along the bulk of way range where the slopes are steep at rocky some of the peaks are four and a half kilometers above sea level rocks stones in glaciers are scattered all around . discussed the scheme resort is situated in the glaciers melt in it's a square gorge.

reserve staff get down to the most important work at the height of the springtime ski season they're going to release this small bison herd into the wild for the time being the animals graze in a special pen. these bison have lived in captivity since birth the blood of a wild ox by the name of cub because flows in their veins cause was sent to a private nursery after being caught in one thousand no seven by the russian empire while on a hunting expedition when all the bison had been exterminated in the north caucasus

it was come cause at the forefront of the restoration of the caucasian bison subspecies. a great grandson of caused by the name of the daughter was born in one hundred twenty five of the record as far as i can gather it was the forefather all the caucasian subspecies of the bison both good in one thousand thirties he was taken to us conny in nova nature reserve there are a metered with female dealers by sort of that was the origin of a bison subspecies with location blood. since early this morning reserve staff have been trying to compel the bison to enter special cages for transportation. during a quarantine period animals became accustomed to their pen and learn to trust people so they're in no hurry to go out and the wild. let us know that. after several and successful attempts one of the females is lurd into the cage and

now the herd will follow suit meissen are known for their matriarchal behavior. come on faster if you're a well done. the bison steadfastly endured their temporary captivity while on their way to their new habitat. the return of caucasian bison to the wild is a joint project undertaken by the north essential nature reserve and the world wildlife fund. there are things ready charley go yes let's go. but the. bison already accustomed to the wild graze nearby. it's not yet known whether they'll accept or reject their newcomers. the forests and the mountains are beyond

human influence. all that's left for the reserve staff to do is monitor the animals and preserve this protected area of the north caucasus. sure is that so much of an oldish visitor a person on the mark level growing sandstorm in the arab middle east as change sweeps the region to saudi arabia immune to outside influences you want to. download the official policy of location job i phone the i pod touch from the i choose option. one jollity like on the go.

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