from the city of slovyansk on books in soldiers historical photos of escape capturing the city streets in the sky called small. mid-air as a good omen chilled so it's true for the rest of her because of her job. it's hot and what's going to the critical new clean situation in japan comes from patents and one of themselves in radiation levels being thoughtful withdrawn from the stricken pushing up top locks. and while the japanese government insists there's no immediate danger simple track record of telling the truth about cost nuclear problems means that not everyone contends. on the balcony and government forces in libya are we taking adam or ground from the rebels almost now as are

against in kind of a blind date of off the country the u.s. still said to discuss it. last conditions worsen in japan the walls left big questions about the future of nuclear power as he spoke nuclear physicist conscious that he shared his thoughts on what can be learned from what's happening in asia. today i'm talking to walt patterson who's an associate fellow at chatham house and author of the or fell of a book on the power industry called keeping the lights on and thank you very much for talking to watts and now the situation in japan is we've seen several explosions at the question about nuclear power plants what do you think the chances are that we may see more and this situation carrying on sure that the people working on the site hope that they've got it under control but they seem to be releasing an awful lot of hydrogen from at least three reactors and now from

a fuel point as well and hydrogen is an explosive gas if it's confined to mixed with air it produces can produce very dramatic explosions as we've seen so that's clearly a. major concern for them but i think the explosion problem is almost the least of their problems at the moment because what it has done to the reactors we don't know we don't know who hasn't apparently damaged the containment or the reactor pressure vessels themselves although i gather there may be a hole in one of the containments in unit two but what bothers me and i haven't heard any very good confirmation about it is what it is done to the actual contact between the control room and the reactor itself whether the with the dials and gauges in the control room are now actually giving reliable information about what's happening inside the reactors particularly because the sensors for

temperature and pressure and water level and so on in the turbulent conditions that have been happening in those reactors must be the sensors must themselves now be potentially unreliable which means that the engineers in the control room don't actually know what's going on in the reactors and what could be going on in those reactors in yours. the problem is that they may have water levels rising and falling they may have fuel exposure we know that they have had fuel exposed which has produced the reaction the reaction between the molten metal cladding and the water which produces the hydrogen so they've they've certainly had some fuel damage they may well have fuel ceramic fuel pellets that are now also circulating through the core and that will be clogging up channels and generally generally changing the configuration the geometry in the core and unless the reaction unless the reactor engineers know what is going on they're liable to do something wrong they're liable

to do the wrong thing that's what happened at the accident at three mile island in the united states that engine engineers who thought they were doing the right thing to protect the protect the core. open valves when they should have closed them and vice versa and one up exposing the core and causing a major meltdown and you've mentioned that they get rainy and rugs and reacts and on the tail are focused in a way space and we know that they were if they sent me for a period of time how dangerous is that well the. fuel filter elements when they're running in the reactor with a chain reaction running the the build up of radioactive waste in the fuel rods themselves gradually accumulates quite a sizeable infantry of very hot radioactive waste and when you talk about the reactors all shutting down at the time of the earthquake which means that they shut down the chain reaction but you cannot shut down the radioactive waste and anything

up to ten percent of the heat in the reactor core when it's when it's when it's running comes from the radioactive waste not from the chain reaction you can't shut down the heat from the waste and that he means that you have to keep taking the heat away or the temperature of the fuel rods goes up very fast and what has happened in i think all three units now is that the fuel has been at least partly exposed such that it then allows its own temperature to go up until the metal tubes melt and the metal cubes melt in the little fuel pellets water just like little sweetie's fall and fall down the uranium fall falls down into the water and of course the problem that produces is that if enough of them falls together they can start up a chain reaction again and despite all this and we're talking about a sort of self-perpetuating scenario the government's package thank you thank you that will find something for people to worry about do you think that's telling the whole tree i'm not sure they know the whole truth that's part of the problem i mean

in this circumstance it would be bad enough if it were normal times but this is after an earthquake and an enormous tsunami and the communication channels and the normal organization even of a society. as organized as japan has taken a terrible hit so the fact that they are now faced with a problem like the nuclear problem when they already have more on their hands than anybody could possibly imagine with that with the earthquake and the aftermath of the tsunami but if it's brutally brutally difficult for the for that both for the government and for the people of europe and the rest of the world we always say that japan has a reputation as one of the world's most technologically advanced countries and yet they've been struggling to cruelties react without the phase now what's the factor that played that with them well i think one of the factors is precisely the fact that the that this is the nuclear power is a very very complicated technology and its track record of actually dealing with

some of the implications of the of the the inherent inherent characteristics of this or this type of reactor is not good i found wess night an article that i wrote nearly forty years ago describing an intense controversy in the united states a boat performance precisely of the so-called emergency cooling systems on water cooled reactors in the performance was criticized by independent experts in the us but the then nuclear establishment the us atomic energy commission waved the concerns aside and this was at a time when fukushima one was being built. and the same the same problem is inherent in this kind of reactor the only kind of reactor that anybody is building know anywhere in the world these reactors were originally built as power plants for submarines and obviously the overall overriding design criterion is that it has to

be compact enough to fit inside the hull of a submarine that means that it has to produce an enormous amount of heat in a very small wall you. and the only way that you can do that is with very very high pressure water which means in turn that the walls of the reactor the boiler the reactor pressure vessel have to be twenty centimeters thick and this poses all kinds of safety problems if there is any possibility of the pressure being lost or even worse if the pressure vessel itself might happen to be breached and these are the problems that these engineers are now trying to cope with in japan some commonplaces and that fact that i think this is starting to look a lot like in our poll what do you think that i hope that we are still going to be a long way short of a mature novel here particularly for one reason but even if there were a major release of radioactivity from one or more of the reactors the event

a true novel was accompanied by an enormous fire which produced a huge plume of hot air carrying radioactivity right up into the stratosphere and that radioactivity was then carried all over the planet by stratospheric wins i think but i can't think of a mechanism that would distribute radioactivity on that kind of scale from anything that could possibly happen a focal shima but we have heard that they have already had some fires including a fire in a fuel pond within which the cooling apparently failed and any kind of any kind of heat source like that will at least produce some kind of up through after with some radioactivity of some kind into the into the upper atmosphere into the into into the wind where it can be carried some distance and obviously there are lots of facts that play like whether that's a fire in which direction the winds blow actually but what what are the chances

that a radioactive cloud could reach from japan. i think very low i think very low for one thing the prevailing wind is not in that direction and for another thing as i say i can't think of a mechanism that would lift a significant amount of radioactivity high enough for it to travel that kind of distance so i don't think i don't think there's any really any reason for concern. for russia or for north america for that reason japan is very unstable geographically in terms of us quake and yes the japanese have chosen to build a lot of nuclear power stations based less of their power supply on nuclear energy do you think this will change the attitude to nuclear power in japan i think it is bound to there have been of course there's been quite a substantial body of opinion in japan including among c's knowledge just that building nuclear plants anywhere in japan is not a good idea my personal feeling is that building nuclear plants anywhere is not

a good idea for basically economic reasons they're very expensive they tend to be unreliable they are kind of electricity which is very inflexible and difficult for an electricity system to use because you can lose a thousand megawatts in two minutes in one way and another i have never been persuaded that the economic case for nuclear power is especially convincing and in recent years of course that has been the major controversy about nuclear power investment all over the world private investors do not want to spend money on nuclear plants for quite understandable reasons they don't think they could get their money back but now the safety issue has come back again and that will complicate things even further and of course we haven't had a big meteor accident really since then or right one thousand nine hundred six so that people have to be honest even the nuclear power is becoming safe out well right well i think it's partly that but i think a much more important factor is that until quite recently nobody has built

a new nuclear plants and not in the west there have been no. no nuclear plants ordered in the us for example since one thousand nine hundred seventy eight and since then and every tide ordered since one thousand nine hundred seventy four has been canceled up until the last couple of years when there is suddenly began to be an great deal of u.s. government taxpayers' money on offer as subsidies for construction of new nuclear plants and even that is not persuading the companies in the us to build them so the the reason that people have not been objecting to nuclear power her past twenty years is that nobody's been building them so now you're going to get a situation which i think mitt might turn into a rerun of the kind of controversies of the first generation of nuclear plants in the late sixty's and seventy's when the public was deeply unhappy about a lot of these plans and we may well find that happens again. and thank you very much.

sports is political in ways we don't often even notice especially on the level of culture where our ideas and attitudes as a society are shaped. the ties between professional football and the u.s. military have existed since the start of the n.f.l. back in one thousand twenty that relationship meant slaves during world war two and today that gone astray is stronger than ever and while. we are infirm can effect kill all kill all he'll be ok continue to kill an elephant beast history is taught us the story it's never just something that we just sit back and mock it's for it's always an important social function in the history of american sports is no different.

more news today violence is once again flared up. and these are the images the

world has been seeing from the streets of canada. showing up for a shelter on the day. critical nuclear situation in japan goes from about the worth of the solving the spike in radiation levels mean start i'll be drawn from this strictly to the question about power plants. and while the japanese government insists there is no immediate danger of questionable track of telling the truth about past a few problems means not happy once again beds. forces in libya are we taking ever more ground from the rebels almost world powers are against imposing a no fly zone about the country the un is still set to discuss it. without going to schools you can see us some spectacular pictures on his under show us all

the usual sports yeah forget tennis some thought for a moment this diving there is a russian called chang because he's making a name for himself in the sport we follow him the latest event in chile have to see some spectacular pictures plus we have got news on the champions league. hello there you're watching the sport and this is what is coming up. wise into survival defending champions at bars stay in the k h l playoffs with victory over celebrate. munched united into my land which the champions league quarter finals with narrow win. airing ambition we meet a russian is taking cliff diving to be part. of the continental hockey league playoffs day where defending champions. live for nearly

a third surviving the garden cup quarter finals previously unbeaten south about to become the first side to reach the semifinals but for different players scored right bars in this surprisingly got side much what it's all square in the. other contests regular season champions of unguarded tied that series at sea wall could see a hard fought three c. win over metz and under a provision netting the winner having god into i have a time. problem football champions league into my land and united have made it through to the quarter finals there beating buying music a mass a respectively on cheese day night into the defending champion squeezing past buying with import and hundred gold four minutes from time out made it three to one a night and three three and i give it meaning into go three to the last eight one of wait goals and the other tied to manchester united so i became our say to one and all traffic after the polish tour in france heavy handed scored twice in one just that very thing i praise from boss sir alex ferguson. photograph surprised

i think. some time to just watch the wall in the court room. for this and substitute. more. is adjusted to the physical. abuse was too many. options that's not chelsea had a great chance of making friday's quarter final draw they take on copenhagen at stamford bridge with a two goal caution from the first leg nicolas anelka is bracing denmark giving them some daylight there please manage a current your loss he says he won't be taking his opponents copenhagen lightly even though they've never won in england in this tournament worlds would be very important to move on. to reach the final of the champions i mean they're going to

have to play a lot of what they're showing the americans or group them when we're going to reassure them as you would be ok when you watch. this trying to. be interesting for us. from whatever he says not many people are giving a visit as much of a chance in london tonight but copenhagen manager says the tie is far from over and could be decided by whoever school was just the other guy see take only on the burn a bad it seems three one one in the first leg in reale will be hoping for some revenge having been knocked out bali on this stage last year in fact they've been dumped out of the last sixteen in this competition for the last six seasons but. says both sides will be feeling the pressure. since the pressure applies competition to snorkel competition everybody knows that. after the match one team

goes through another team goes home. everybody knows that. the next rounds one team will play another team we watch on t.v. and that's the the pressure that applies to days. two days all caught. on thursday and also is an eight and scott hat moscow will be in action in the europa league but not all of them have the best of starts on the opening weekend of the new russian premier league season a quick look back now i what happened in these little.

i. have to do better against tomorrow night now let's catch up with the tennis at indian wells where some big names of fallen firstly u.s. open champion ken classes is forced to retire from her fourth round tie with a shoulder injury at the belgian won the first set against mine but a front six three but then have to start the world number two saying she did trouble with the shoulder before and will now travel to miami ahead of next week's

could treat. also act as depending champion in the. losing to compacted and are a fan of each six for sixty that is the second time it's as if he has got the better of her in the ninth inning superman face positively for the final. mostly i'm surprised by see francesca schiavone lost in three sets to hear from israel the world's number one carmen wozniacki is free for a quarter finals after she survived a mean scare that against russia is basically one of. great surprises every mention of what you're federer the chinese wining national chair likely to take on the first sex and love and going on to take her second six to. get. into the fourth round of the men's thrillers never djokovic she had an even more convincing win against the school the sixty six but on the score not one.

actually nine from the n.b.a. where danny granger is jump with less. in the second left gave an indiana pacers a thrilling victory at the new york knicks one hundred nineteen two hundred seventeen the final score this was the second time they beat the next in three days on this occasion in the on the left twenty nine twenty seven ended with the score three as they are on top of his dying i see a career high for the second banging around against an explanation with thirty they stink up a loose ball and took it in for three places open up an eighty one sixty eight lead and if it wasn't all plain sailing like in the fourth weekend a bit of a seesaw battle so late that day eventually being decided at the death granger responding with a gentle with no zero point one says he's receiving that hundred nine thousand nine hundred seventy pictures. and we will finish with one of the nearest and most exciting extreme sports cliff diving it is just over ten years old and that's a russian he's already established his name in the sport for the time it expects

flame. risk taking this is clip guarding the really extreme where a human being and nature become one. it's one of the news sports in the planet as it became competitive only in two thousand hellboy and work your delusion which is a were two hundred years old and rochelle already has a clean diver to be proud of. the twenty six year old days of his first victory at the red bull world series in august last year and entered decision as the favorite along with nine time world champion along. and last season's winner gary hands one of the world's most isolated and mystical places revenue we are told is choose most point and they keep venue for the clinton eleven world series and

the reigning champ and was the first in children and aggressive died there which. only know the security with police and the. next step on the platform sutra choosing who is currently one of the moves complicated does and if they do offer the russian veto. but it wasn't enough to welcome the colombian grandmaster of the big mystery woman with just lola's really happy really proud i think. it paid off the training i did in the us he said my my dogs are feeling pretty comfortable. that was my plan to improve on the existing dives and maybe workers and we dived so far is working good i hope to maintain it for the rest of the season however suit claims to have what it takes to be diligent. second place in this competition and this is just part of this season with. a long season new surprise. throws the third but i hope more. i'm so sore

it will start from there and we close with a few more dice to keep in the memory well looking forward to no cleaver having events and the next stage of the world series will be held in mexico temple april. r.t. . stuff good luck tonight is all the sport for the moment. wealthy

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