our five thirty pm right here on friday in australia without same recover now about four stories nato is expected to take come on and off the no fly zone in libya within days from controlling the whole military operation for now asteroids continue to rock tripoli i mean claims of more civilian deaths. public fury costly military campaigns abroad and a stringent austerity cuts at home spreads in the e.u. massive protests marking the blocks summit in brussels european leaders not accept

to bail out the economic need for the country. and a radiation strike of the fukushima power forces japan's government to consider expanding the evacuation zone those still living dangerously close to the area said to be struggling around trying to build new supplies. and the next up into the world of scientific breakthroughs on the cutting edge gadgets and technology update they were not. hello and welcome to technology update april twelfth two thousand and eleven marks the fiftieth anniversary of an incredible achievement that put soviet science and innovation not just on top of the world but beyond this world all together. it was

that day in one nine hundred sixty one that sold under president and launch of man into orbit the soviet cause not you got in making history aboard of us talk spacecraft got in became a hero and the whole world caught space fever the behind the scenes the technology that made manned flight possible had been a top priority for over a decade with both peaceful and military objectives siggy could go along with talented specialists like buddies to talk masterminded the soviet rocket program that emerged after the second world war as with their rivals in the u.s. missile hits first developed rockets based on the german v. two that it was known as the r one first tested in one thousand nine hundred eighty eight soviet engineers worked simultaneously on original designs that would create new rockets in quick succession within a decade to first of the now famous r seven family would be ready to launch sputnik . yeah. for me the whole

seven rockets have been there with all its details especially the control system and its modifications me was like a lot i know you have one fact i would say they need love and we will do all in love with the rocket and i would have progressed incredibly quickly. the first rockets were designed and manufactured within two years. thanks to the efforts of its builders that it was designed to be so good that even today only wrote this based only original construction of the saloons. they used for russia's manned floyd. we were. on the same lines that started turning out. early models are seven's back in the late one nine hundred fifty s. today's most reliable site used launchers are produced with unparalleled presidio construction mural progress in the russian city of simyra continues to rely on the

design pioneered by kind of token their colleagues tapping their rockets to fit in changing needs of the russian space program as well as those of international clients. like. the uk it seems to get younger every year as we advance components. we've changed the control system a little metric system and upgraded the engine so from year to year the rockets overall functionality is increasing. in more than a half century of history our seven has had many faces and many firsts it was the first i.c.b.m. the first satellite carrier the first to put humans in space and in modifications today is still the only launcher ever used to put soviet or russian cosmonauts into orbit. in the distinctions for the developers of tomorrow's best rockets

progress is actively evolving new designs to meet new challenges in the aerospace industry and it's not just russian spacecraft sit to shoot skyward fun progress build site use a recent breakthrough in international cooperation as being keeping them busy since the european space agency chose a new generation rocket noticed this i used to ask t. for a soon to be opened new package itself american space complex in french guyana. this you wouldn't. know who or two of our rockets are currently stationed to go elicit a scenario through though the infrastructure was created and developed our complex . missiles past the test security on the move up in a think we're through this launch pad is functional and in april we will take a look at it in the mobile. service to our for a dryer when you're nice it's just as well i know it's the women we're counting down to liftoff here at the. for russian space engineers it's

a new mission on a new con tropico french guyana is a far cry from the traditional russian launching ground on the cosmic step and they've been working with european partners for the better part of a decade to ensure it a site is ready to launch pad will be unique insight use a storied history the first incorporate a mobile service tower and the first to install the rockets payload in vertical instead of horizontal position. the launch melt will also be fixed instead of rotating so the rocket itself has been designed as the first in our seven family capable of roll maneuvers for proper post launch positioning with first liftoff slated for august or september of this year the caruso use center will give european satellite launch capacity a much needed boost and will be yet another in a long list of high points produced by brushes progress. the technological level and capacity of this plant and several other high tech

factories that work among other things with cryogenics equipment will allow us to develop a new launcher under the name. it will be used to russia's new on the cosmodrome. both to russia many of the world market here like it or in cars because that's the privilege of crossing russia over one hundred fifty million dollars here what is going to hold the oil. program but here is. the soviet and russian space programs have blasted off from several sites spread across the country's vast territory but with the real heavy lifter now left outside russia's borders future hopes are being pinned on the plan cosmodrome russian for at least. two she could be hosting launches by twenty six teams and it's appealing

for more reasons than brain independence from russia's neighbors moving from the ground up lets the site be fully outfitted in twenty first century technology sites proximity to the pacific ocean is a plus both for transporting equipment to the base and for homeless descent of rocket boosters expended with each launch russian prime minister vladimir putin made his way to the future in more region of russia's far east for symbolic groundbreaking in august of two thousand and ten. russia's stages as a leading space power the launch pad will improve a country's access to space as will be capable of launching all types of ships into a bit this includes manned flights and long term expeditions to the moon and this is the chief of. the rue sim rocketed central to these plans may have been designed to progress and. but it will lift off on the power of engines built by another key player in russia's aerospace industry moscow based in the n.f.l.

much reason to do it following an expert's analysis we've chosen the engine based on the go d. one lately we've developed for sale to american car those well knows already we've renamed it the visual eighty of the store chevy sneer we've made some adjustments to adapt it to the rockets that will fly from the store she launched. the primary design elements will be largely on change for the world of the technical adjustments aimed at increasing the engine will be made to show. back in the late soviet period in a go march with the makers of the r d one seventy the most powerful liquid fuel rocket engine in history in the ninety's they started work on a new model they cut down to two combustion chambers instead of four and found a powerful partner in the us aerospace giant lockheed martin now joining with boeing in a joint venture called united launch alliance the americans used to already won

eighty as the first stage engine on their work force atlas five rocket previous editions of the atlas launchers used three engines in place of the one powerful in years ago march model to already won eighty produces nearly a million pounds for some thrust with the thrust to weight ratio more than fifteen times that of the engines used to fly to supersonic concorde jet since the already one hundred first gave the atlas five a lift back in two thousand and two there have been two dozen successful launches for american military commercial and space equipment but not all the hardware on board the atlas five has been american in the summer of two thousand and nine and unprecedented move mapping mission was launched with the help of russian ingenuity in february two thousand and eleven the kremlin rolled out the red carpet to recognize the innovative work of young space research institute scientists maxine mckew and once on sunday whose lunar exploration new trying to take her. linda for sure is playing a key role in nasser's lunar reconnaissance orbiter fact finding mission.

based business who are the main elite feature is the high spatial resolution sim evil previous missions measured hydrogen levels with a spatial resolution of one hundred fifty kilometers or so they had a spot on the moon one hundred fifty kilometers in diameter oh a device there is that down to a ten kilometer spot you can send a man there to dig a shovel and it will probably find something there a couple of water bones was a particles something like that. such a discovery would be no small matter since interest in the movies resources has created a buzz beyond a science circles so what role does the new trying to take to play. the way our device works is quite simple from the point of view of physics to try just as neutrons emitted from the moon or the neutrons of forms are back to meters under the moon ground q to cosmic rays they lose their kinetic charge once they

reach the surface and rubbing against surface mass are. the result of hydrogen and that mass in ukraine's will be slowed down more efficiently removing a card device can register that if. we were selected following an open and fair competition. or what are the laboratory of los alamos also took part in the kansas to one but all device that turns out to be better we've suggested narrowing down the visible area by using a passive calming sent me based on boron town and. in all the lunar reconnaissance orbiter or l r o consists of six instruments intended to produce the most detailed analysis of the lunar environment to date this includes not just high resolution imaging of the moon's terrain but also. tests for the potential biological impact of radiation from cosmic rays dermal and

ultraviolet mapping of the moon's surface to detect possible deposits of water ice in cold traps and topographical studies that help survey for future landing sites and hazards the impact of data is already being felt. to russia's lunar program was recalibrated based on knowledge of all this is indications i knew for sure that they changed the plan landing location and i'm confident that the european space agency are discussing their programs that will teach only countries that intend to launch a mission to the moon like china and japan so they will take our data into account and you also after a virtual decades long dead spell the international space community is again turning its attention to our nearest neighbor with lunar exploration projects in the plans of space programs the world over but even before these are set to bear fruit we'll be getting data back from even further afield as main kind reaches towards the red planet and its satellites almost grew into some much hyped sample

return mission to mars is mysterious moon. is a russian led project that will also transported chinese made mars orbiter when it lifts off this november a sign from the longstanding attraction to the planet p. scientists interest thanks to firies it's actually an asteroid captured by mars is gravity a living laboratory of primordial space matter. well this is the part of masons that. of course. we are we in. this wipes are. forced. to use their study because there was we could do this. updated since its first planned launch in two thousand and nine. is bigger and better in addition to the transport and return vessels as well as soil sampling equipment the complex now carries the chinese

martian orbiter as well as an additional expendable fuel tank to propel the extra weight. meticulous testing is underway at the mosque l. space research institute to assure the functionality of each focus group component . the orbital trajectory of mars and its moons reaches its closest point to earth just once every twenty six months catching for with it any other time is both more complicated and more costly after missing the first launch window due to delays scientists understand time is of the essence. the unfamiliar environment of the martian moon surface means every single piece of the more than twenty scientific instruments that make up the probe has high standards to meet and exceed. what the . program unlike lunar programs here the task was undoubtedly complicated by the need to collect samples under tricky conditions gravity is

virtually absent on phobos. well those aren't conditions easily recreated here on earth teams of the space research institute have gone to great lengths to prepare the high precision sampler that's at the heart of the phobos mission a computerized full scale model of the robotic arm and sampling device was constructed for the purpose as these samples could hold this secret to full boosters origin millimeter. skill person is the chief the same thing device achieves that on just five watts of energy and under two hundred grams of mass. testing the hardware simply the model has been helpful in holding the specially designed software that will guide the real focus from soil samples are on the mission this direction not only to probe itself but the adjoining optical devices including cameras and microscopes even if it was ordered from colleagues in geochemistry to be the closest possible simulation of the mars moon. there's every reason to be confident

that apparatus will execute the missions main objective. truth arrives in orbit around mars after a rough week ten month journey the chinese were going to will split off after orbiting the red planet around the gear the spacecraft will make its landing on the surface of. there will take its samples and send them back to earth rivaling needed twenty four teams is unprecedented research a testament to the long term long range capability of state space programs. no matter how much i work on my designs there's little chance of them leaving my room let alone leaving the earth's atmosphere but increasingly independent initiative and private funds are becoming legitimate players in this space industry if. each cylinder holds a model rover made by a private russian company the moscow snow might not be an analog for the moons terrain but the models makers have lunar ambitions and perhaps just the right

incentive. to do the dishes the moon in september two thousand and seven the company google and the x. prize foundation and owns the most ambitious contest in history they wanted to send the first of a private lunar robot to the moon to google in x. prize we started coming together as a team there on the same time and when we found out about the competition we saw that forming an initiative group that was served as the core of the team. then we made it official it will seem as the competition's sole representative from russia . has come up. with the lunar x. prize entrants will not be alone in russian history is this soviet era luna hold moon rover program offers a formidable foundation usually but is a moon surface is in sight yet a unique one for team still in a hold has an important ally this dramatization from the seventies features real life in the hold pilot gets to slough don't get it in we have movement you know one

forward good shango more you just tell him pitch angle more you just feel the control decreasing beautiful that has made contact with the moon look at eighty three evaluating surroundings. like made meters to the right a rocky mountain over thirty centimeters high in your. solution monument two meters back in my life if you can turn sixty degrees to the right three deep blue for is moving. today don't get his team with still in accord to bring sylvia their expertise to bear on a twenty first century project. from a technological standpoint everything is new. to remotely with no computers no it's all computerized the first soviet moon over was essentially a light old immobile weighing seven hundred fifty six kilograms. and weighs five to

six kilograms you. look at the size of. our over is forty centimeters long the soviet one was four meters. so it was much larger significantly design of the original little cords was the subject of serious scientific debate and extensive testing when the program first emerged in the one nine hundred sixty s. an elaborate top secret artificial moon surface was constructed for the purpose and soviet crimea chassis size and shape varied greatly as did the distribution of on board equipment perhaps the most important aspect in question was how exactly the rovers would move walking crawling copying tract and we'll designs pluses and minuses defenders and detractors. partners designers are hoping answer many of the same construction questions at the center of their lunar x. prize campaign as industrial designers their job is to find the overlap between

form and function like their soviet predecessors four decades ago they've narrowed the field to the true most attractive mobility options wield like their first prototype and a second walking model. for now the stepping cell in a whole exists only on computers but its advantages are becoming clear the vehicle has to be ultra light to keep the transport costs reasonable and a wheeled vehicle with a small mass faces trouble which traction as a result is leaning towards a walking rover along these lines. showing you need to make it look good. to make our design functional. for instance we're working with expanded shapes can save us up to fifty percent of mass by redistributing pressure insomnia to the. it's not just a plastic toy. this is actually quite

a complicated machine that has to wear going to extreme conditions. and if we manage to make it look good. bring invasive all seem so it's we will be happy never of the expense of the engineering. team still in a cold marches onward with funds to raise in a second prototype to fabricate they've got a company with a total of twenty nine teams from seventeen countries in the race to put their rover on the moon surface and unique is google's twenty five million dollars purse may be the lunar x. prize is just one example of the expanding arena of private space entrepreneurship . and eileen country of eighty thousand people in the middle of the irish sea may not seem

a likely player in the space exploration game usually dominated by world superpowers but if you believe the hype the next giant leap for mankind might be coming from the isle of man it's a place best known for its beautiful landscapes tasty cheeses clean scallops and business friendly tax code generally means a focus on offshore banking with the arrival of two soviet made space stations owned by the company excalibur almaz in early two thousand and eleven showcase the island's expanding emphasis on space commerce the isle of man is never really thinking to be in the business of launching rockets. satellites yes will. courage some high high end high technology. manufacturing to the isle of man but essentially we're looking to help facilitate the private sector and to into the space industry through having a man we joined russian cosmonaut in excalibur almaz project consultant. on a visit to the island home of the former soviet station as they retooled almost spacecraft

for a return to orbit they're banking on the tried and tested expertise already invested in their design and construction to stay a step ahead of space tourism competitors. because of history's first multiple use spacecraft of its class. the so-called us. so this is a capsule not just for use on a single flight mission but for ensuring up to thirty launches. back in the mid one nine hundred sixty s. the military launched almost programmed to provide a million surveillance station in low earth orbit alongside the station she k.s. priestcraft consisting of a service module and the reusable b. entry vehicle were to be launched on the heavy lifting proton rocket this station's flew under the name cell used two three and five in the seventies and were

outfitted with advanced observation communication equipment even modified artillery to protect against enemy satellites the original project was divided in later discontinued both to stations in the return capsules gaining the usual flight testing. the inside space is about fifty meters long which is enough to house three or four people. of course we are retaining the power of the life support infrastructure. structured so that every person has a private working space and. this model of space planning is the most suitable for our goals as it will those scientists were. space tourists to work in a comfortable environment. everyone will have their own working lace under windows . odds to the cold for it so was the call for the capsule will be diverse part of the complex to fly with excalibur almaz taking up to three casts enters into orbit

they'll be sent on a trajectory to dock with the home a station the crew can then pass through the adapter into their temporary cosmic quarters we should see more spacious to waitlist visitors floating between floor and ceiling were almost. as cooperates with the u.s. and european space going to. we're hoping to launch an unmanned likely twenty thirteen. and have a full scale man's flight with a service module with by twenty four. combining the experience of seasoned russian space men and savvy american businessmen excalibur almaz is getting down to work on making the dream a reality after raising money and international interest on the isle of man and they expect russia to be the logical launch partner my dear calculations six capsule launches a year would be the magic number for making or little maidens have been almost stations economically viable that sooner than you might think with would be

tourists already in line so more than a half century ago the era of manned spaceflight still finding new ways to open up a vast expanse of our solar system now more than ever does it chance to the next liftoff could taking you into orbit and when you're launch they finally comes enjoy the rocket. it's the secret incursion into the country. it's the invasion by means of. tradition the language is really. the best. culture. the thing is that the have the jinns are still unaware of what's going on in their land. much. like. a good thing alaska the great. an archie.

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