for the twenty four hours a day this is all to you live here in the russian capital top stories this hour nato is expected to take command of the no fly zone in libya within days but holds back from the control of the whole trip ration for now as strikes continue to rock tripoli amid claims of more the. public period costly military campaigns abroad and stringent austerity cuts of home spreads in the e.u. massive protests marking the book summit in brussels the need is now to accept and plan out another economically crippled country and the country. and

a radiation spike in the pushing up on forces japan's government to consider expanding the evacuation zone those still living dangerously close to the area said to be struggling without volatile supplies. i'll be back with more news more about in this boy in less than half enough not the mean time welcome to the world of scientific breakthroughs in cutting edge gadgets in technology update that makes me a nazi. hello and welcome to technology update it will throw two thousand and eleven marks the fiftieth anniversary of an incredible achievement and put soviet science and innovation not just on top of the world but beyond this world all together. it was that day in one nine hundred sixty one that sold up unprecedented launch of man

into orbit the soviet cosmonaut due to go out and making history aboard of us talk spacecraft going in became a hero and the whole world caught space fever the behind the scenes the technology that made men flight possible had been a top priority for over a decade with both peaceful and military objectives siggy could go along with talented specialist like buddies chairs talk masterminded the soviet rocket program that emerged after the second world war as with their rivals in the us this will be its first developed rockets based on the german v. two that it was known as the r one first tested in one nine hundred forty eight soviet engineers work simultaneously on original designs that would create new rockets in quick succession within a decade to first of the now famous r seven family would be ready to launch school nick. name in yeah. for me the whole seven year old could have been there with all its details especially the control

system and his modifications me was like a lot of. money fights i would say they need my hero but we will do all in love with the rocket progressed incredibly quickly. the first rockets were designed and manufactured within two years. thanks to the efforts of its builders that with the design turned out to be so good even today only wrote this based on the original construction of the saloons. are used for russia and floyd surveyed they. were well. on the same lines that started turning out. early modern sevens back in the late one nine hundred fifty s. today's most reliable site used launchers are produced with unparalleled prison construction bureau progress in the russian city of somalia continues to rely on the design pioneered by kind of talk and their colleagues tacking the rockets to

fit the changing needs of the russian space program as well as those of international clients. like. iraq it seems to get younger every year as we advance components. we've changed the control system in the tel metric system. and upgraded the engine by absent from year to year the rockets overall functionality using precincts. and more than a half century of history to our seven has had many faces and many firsts it was the first i.c.b.m. the first satellite carrier the first to put humans in space and in modifications today is still the only launcher ever used to put soviet or russian cosmonauts into orbit. those are the no distinctions for the developers of tomorrow's invest rockets progress is actively evolving new designs to meet new challenges in the

aerospace industry and it's not just russian spacecraft sit to shoot skyward on progress build site use a recent breakthrough in international cooperation as being keeping them busy since the european space agency chose a new generation rocket noticed this i used to ask teeth for a soon to be opened new package at south american space complex in french guyana. this you would know. two of our rockets are currently stationed to go on a space center guru though the infrastructure was created and developed are complex . missiles past the test security on the move up in i think we should this launch pad is functional and it will take a rocket in the mobile. service hour for a dryer when you're nice is just a little while i know it's the women we're counting down to lift off yet there is no way it's always. for russian space engineers it's a new mission on a new con tropico french guyana is

a far cry from the traditional russian launching ground on the cosmic step and they've been working with european partners for the better part of a decade to ensure the site is ready the launch pad will be unique insight uses storied history the first thing for break a mobile service tower and the first to install the rockets payload in vertical instead of forests on top position. the launch melt will also be fixed instead of rotating so the rocket itself as been designed is the first in our seven family capable of roll maneuvers for proper post launch positioning with first liftoff slated for august or september of just year two caruso you center will give european satellite launch capacity a much needed boost and will be yet another in a long list of high points produced by russia's progress. the technological level and capacity of this plant and several other high tech factories that work among other things with cryogenics equipment will allow us to

develop a new launcher under the name. and i think. it will be used to russia's new on the cosmodrome. both to russia many of the world markets have erred by conflict on the privilege of crossing russia over one hundred fifty billion dollars here one part of the oil. program which period. the soviet and russian space programs have blasted off from several sites spread across the country's vast territory but with the real heavy lifter now left outside russia's borders future hopes are being pinned on the plan cosmodrome russian for east. west to she could be hosting launches by twenty six teams and it's of killing for more reasons than break independence from russia's neighbors moving from the ground up lets the site be

fully outfitted in twenty first century technology besides proximity to the pacific ocean is a plus both for transporting equipment to the base and for homeless descent of rocket boosters expended with each launch russian prime minister vladimir putin made his way to the future cause i'm a drone in the air more region of russia's far east for symbolic groundbreaking in august of two thousand and ten. russia's state is as a leading space power the launch pad will improve a country's access to space as will be capable of launching all types of ships into orbit this includes manned flights and long term expeditions to the mood and this machine. the rue sim rocketed central to these planes may have been designed to progress and. but it will lift off on the power of engines built by another key player in russia's aerospace industry moscow based in new york how much. to do

following in the experts analysis we've chosen the engine based on the go do you want eighty that we've developed for sale to american goes well knows already we've renamed it the v one a teams from the store she will sneer we've made some adjustments to adapt it to the rockets that will fly from the store. the primary design elements will be lost on changed a lot of the technical adjustments aimed at improving the engine will be made to show. back in the late soviet period in there to go with the makers of the r d one seventy the most powerful liquid fuel rocket engine in history in the ninety's they started work on a new model they cut down to two combustion chambers instead of four and found a powerful partner in the us aerospace giant lockheed martin now joining with boeing in a joint venture called united launch alliance the americans used to already won eighty as the first stage engine on their workhorse applets five rocket previous

editions of the atlas launchers used three engines in place of the one powerful in a go march model the already won eighty produces nearly a million pounds for some thrust would have thrust to weight ratio more than fifteen times that of the engines used to fly do supersonic concorde jet since the already won eighty first gave the hapless five a lift back in two thousand and two there been two dozen successful launches for american military commercial and space equipment but not all the hardware on board the atlas five has been american in the summer of two thousand and nine an unprecedented move mapping mission was launched with the help of russian ingenuity in february two thousand and eleven the kremlin rolled out the red carpet to recognize the innovative work of young space research institute scientists maxine mckew and anton sun in whose lunar exploration new trying to to tech. linda for sure is playing a key role in nasser's lunar reconnaissance orbiter fact finding mission.

there were the main eat fish shows the high spatial resolution seen here the previous missions measured hydrogen levels with a spatial resolution of one hundred fifty kilometers they had a spot on the moon one hundred fifty kilometers in diameter i was advised there is that down to a ten kilometer spot you could send a man there to dig a shovel and it will probably find something there a couple of water bottles water particles something like that. such a discovery would be no small matter since interest in the movies resources has created a buzz beyond space science circles so what role does the new trying to take to play. the way our device works is quite simple from the point of view of physics where you introduce those neutrons emitted from the moon or the neutrons of form the bad to me designs of the moon ground due to cosmic rays they lose their kinetic charge once they reach the surface and rubbing against surface matter. the result of hydrogen and that mass. will be slowed down more

efficiently device can dredge the vats. we were selected following an open and fair competition with. or without the laboratory of los alamos also took part in the contest but older voice turned out to be better we've suggested narrowing down the visible area by using excessive coleman sent me based on boron tan and. in all the lunar reconnaissance orbiter or l r o consists of six instruments intended to produce the most detailed analysis of the lunar environment today this includes not just high resolution imaging of the moon's terrain but also. tests for the potential biological impact of radiation from cosmic rays thermal and ultraviolet mapping of the moon surface to detect possible deposits of water ice in cold traps

and topographical studies that help survey for future landing sites and hazards the impact of data is already being felt. the program was recalibrated based no devices indications i knew for sure but they changed the plans landing location and i'm confident that when the european space agency are discussing their programs you will see that in a mission to the moon like china and japan they will take all data into account. after a virtual decade's long dead spell the international space community is again turning its attention to our nearest neighbor with lunar exploration projects in the plans of space programs the world over but even before these are set to bear fruit we'll be getting data back from even further afield as main kind reaches towards the red planet and its satellites almost grew into some much hype sample return mission to mars is mysterious this is

a russian led project also transported chinese made. this november a sign from the longstanding attraction to the planet scientists interest thanks to theories it's actually an asteroid captured by mars its gravity a living laboratory of primordial space matter. because that is a bit of this what with system pro masons. of course. all's rights are. forced. to use the. boozers. updated since its first plane launch in two thousand and nine group is bigger and better in addition to the transport and return vessels as well as soil sampling equipment to complex now carries the chinese martian orbiter as well as an additional expendable fuel tank to propel the extra weight. meticulous

testing is underway at the mosque l. space research institute to assure the functionality of each focused room component . the orbital trajectory of mars and its moons reaches its closest point to earth just once every twenty six months kenshin for any other time is both more complicated and more costly after missing the first launch window due to delays scientists understand time is of the essence. to unfamiliar environment of the martian moon surface means every single piece of the more than twenty scientific instruments that make up the probe has high standards to meet and exceed. what the nuke. program unlike lunar programs fear the task was undoubtedly complicated by the need to collect samples under tricky conditions gravity is virtually absent on phobos. well those aren't conditions easily

recreated here on earth teams at the space research institute have gone to great lengths to prepare the high precision sampler that's at the heart of the focus mission a computerized full scale model of the robotic arm and sampling device was constructed for the purpose as these simple screw will disagree to full gooses origin millimeter. precision is the chief this seemingly device achieves that just five watts of energy and under two hundred grams of mass in addition to testing the hardware simply the model has been helpful in honing the specially designed software that will guide the real full disk room soil sampler on the mission this direction not only to itself but the adjoining optical devices including cameras and microscopes even the tests ordered from colleagues in geochemistry to be the closest possible simulation of the mars moon. there's every reason to be confident that apparatus will execute the missions main objective. when focus groups arrives

in orbit around mars after a rough week ten month journey the chinese orbiter will split off after orbiting the red planet around a year to space craft will make its landing on the surface of. there will take its samples and send them back to earth for a rival in mid two thousand and fourteen is unprecedented research a testament to the long term long range capability of state space programs. no matter how much i work on my designs there's little chance of them leaving my room let alone leaving the earth's atmosphere but increasingly independent initiative and private funds are becoming legitimate players in this space industry if. need celyn to host a model made by a private russian company the moscow snow might not be an analog for the moons terrain but the models makers have lunar ambitions and perhaps just the right incentive. to do that this she says in september two thousand and seven the us

company google and the x. prize foundation and owns the most of vicious contests in history they wanted to send the first time a private lunar robots of the moon to google lunar x. prize we still isn't coming together as a team or own the same time and when we found out about the compass isha we started filming an initiative group that was served as the core of the team. then we made it official we don't seem as the competition is so representative from russia. but the lunar x. prize entrance wound not to be alone in russian history is this soviet era little cold moon rover program offers a formidable foundation here's a we're going to the moon surface is in sight. you head unit one forward team still in the cold has an important ally this traumatization from the seventy's features real life luna hold the pilot gets to slough told him we have movement beautiful and forward pitch a little more just. pitch

a little more you dispute the picture angel decreasing beautiful that has made contact with the moon well that is one of the three evaluating surroundings be on you like maybe meters to the right spot a rocky mountain over fifty centimeters high in your. vision you solution monument that's two meters back and the problem is you can turn sixty degrees to the right three the rover is moving. to do a joke and his team would fill in a hole to bring soviet air expertise to bear on a twenty first century project. she's sure from a technological standpoint everything is new these days. we operate a remotely with no computers no it's all computerized but it's also the first soviet moon over was essentially a light automobiling seven hundred fifty six kilogram. this rover weighs five to

six kilograms and then look at the size or. power over is forty centimeters long the soviet one was four meters. so it was much larger significantly design of the original duno codes was the subject of serious scientific debate and extensive testing when the program first emerged in the one nine hundred sixty s. an elaborate top secret artificial moon surface was constructed for the purpose and soviet crimea chassis size and shape vary greatly as did the distribution of on board equipment perhaps the most important aspect in question was how exactly the rovers would move walking crawling copying tract and we'll designs all had their pluses and minuses defenders and detractors cylinder partners designers are hoping the answer many of the same construction questions at the center of their lunar x. prize campaign as industrial designers their job is to find the overlap between form and function like their soviet predecessors four decades ago they've narrowed

the field to do to most attractive mobility options wield like their first prototype and a second walking model. for now the stepping cylinder hold exists only on computers but its advantages are becoming clear the vehicle has to be ultra light to keep the transport costs reasonable and a wheeled vehicle with a small mass faces trouble with traction as a result solenn a cold is leaning towards a walking rover along these lines. we are trying not to need to make it look good. to make our design functional. for instance we're working with expanded shapes which can save us up to fifty percent of mass by redistributing pressure inside. just a plastic toy. it is actually quite a complicated machine that has to work in extreme conditions. and if we manage

to make it look good. during invasive all seem so it's we will be happy. never of the expense of the engineering. team still in a cold marches onward with funds to raise and a second prototype to fabricate a company with a total of twenty nine teams from seventeen countries in the race to put their rover on the moon surface and unique is google's twenty five million dollars purse maybe the lunar x. prize is just one example of the expanding arena of private space entrepreneurship . and island country of eighty thousand people in the middle of the irish sea may not seem a likely player in this space exploration game usually dominated by world superpowers

but if you believe the hype the next giant leap for mankind might be coming from the isle of man it's a place best known for its beautiful landscapes tasty cheeses clean scallops and business friendly tax code that generally means a focus on offshore banking but the arrival of two soviet made space stations owned by the company excalibur almaz in early two thousand and eleven showcase the island's expanding emphasis on space commerce the isle of man is never realistically. of launching rockets. satellites. courage some high high end high technology. space manufacturing to the isle of man but essentially we're looking to help facilitate the private sector and into the space industry through having an involvement in the isle of man and we joined russian cosmonaut in excalibur almaz project consultant khalidi talkative on a visit to the island home of the former soviet station as they retooled all my spacecraft for

a return to orbit they're banking on the tried and tested expertise already invested in their design and construction to stay a step ahead of space tourism competitors. but you're more. or less. because of history's first multiple years spacecraft of its class in the core of. the so-called us. so this is a council not just for use on a single flight mission for ensuring up to thirty launches. back in the mid one nine hundred sixty s. the soviet military launched almost program to provide a million surveillance station in low earth orbit alongside a key j.s.p. scrap consisting of a service module and the reusable reentry vehicle were to be launched on the heavy lifting proton rocket this station's flew under the name salute to three and five in the seventies were fitted with advanced observation and communication equipment even modified artillery to protect against enemy satellites while the original

project was divided in later discontinued both to stations in the return capsules game to yuval flight testing. the inside space is about fifty cubic metres long it was enough to house three or four people. of course we are retaining the power circuits under the life support infrastructure. structure so that every person has a private working space and this model of space planning is the most suitable for our goals and will those scientists or so. place tourists to work in a comfortable environment. everyone will have their own working place and the window. that odds to the conference a was bigger than the call for the capsule will be diverse part of the complex to fly with excalibur almaz taking up to three passengers into orbit they'll be sent on a trajectory to dock with the home a station the crew can then pass through the adapter into their temporary cosmic

quarters we should see more spacious to weightless visitors floating between floor and ceiling were almost. cooperates with the u.s. and european space going but you know. we're hoping to launch an on mom's flight by twenty thirty. and have a full scale man's flight with a service module with by twenty forty. combining the experience of seasoned russian space men and savvy american businessmen excalibur almaz is getting down to work on making the dream a reality after raising money and international interest on the isle of man they expect russia to be the logical launch partner my dear calculations six capsule launches a year would be the magic number for making orbital meet in something almost station it's economically viable that's sooner than you might think which would be tourists already in line so more than a half century and a pair of manned spaceflight are still finding new ways to open up the vast expanse

of our solar system now more than ever there's a chance the next liftoff could take you into orbit and when you're launched think finally cops enjoy the rocket.

it's the secret incursion into the country. it's the invasion by means of. tradition and the language is really. the first to compete. in culture. the thing is that the have the germans are still unaware of what's going on in the land still asking them more idea but it's like. i don't know if alaska the great. one are cheap. wealthy british style. sometimes.