markets why not. why not what's really happening to the global economy with much stronger or a no holds barred look at the global financial headlines tune in to congress report . the results here live from what moscow has to recap now the main stories and one of voice comes right here to moscow to meet russia's foreign minister judging an end to the fighting and to observe the un's resolution while in libya itself a fresh nato airstrike hits several government buildings including an anti corruption agency. russian attacks officials are accused of mass investment linked to a lawyer who died in custody over a year ago. death calls a public outcry and speculation he was refused medical treatment while in

confinement. and each new finance ministers face a seventy eight billion euro bill to bail out debt stricken portugal the third country to get ahead the aid package but there are signs of europe's stronger economies are growing weary of helping bankrupt nations with concerns of spain's also on the slide. ok well next on our talks to one of the un's directors in the fight against aids they talk about the challenges that russia and its neighbors face in fighting the spread of h.i.v. that's next right here on alt. and. hello again the role trying to spotlight the unfinished shelf of our tape i'm now going on and today my guest on the show is they need to do with. the latest

statistics from the united nations aids the pod are optimistic pointing to success in the battle against h i v new infections are declining in many countries affected by the epidemic in russia the tendencies are controversial on the one hand we've learned how to allow and try the positive mothers to give birth to healthy babies quit on the other hand there is still much to do in prophylactic treatment of the doctors provides how to do this the director of the un age which will support same for europe and central asia did nice good is a senior source. mr groupings russia has developed one of the most complex and perfect schemes of mass h.i.v. screen every year twenty five billion people are tested and ninety five percent of h i v positive pregnant women undergo special treatment but the virus is still

advancing spreading mostly through intravenous drug users and gay men the best to defy the tendencies prophylactic negative public attitudes both to the social causes and to treatments pampa the procedures. hello mr drew thank you very much for being with us on the show welcome to share welcome to moscow thank you thank you for being returned the question is well first of all there's a big controversy today in russia we're talking about the plans to introduce a tree drug drug testing in schools and universities what's your opinion because because now we're being an anti-democratic country for more than seventy years we're very sensitive to democratic freedoms is this anti democratic to do this ability to testing well the question is more is it useful there have been

some. studies donna because some schools have had obligatory testing in north america and they showed that obligate retesting didn't change anything. since they did because i think we're we're not talking now that we're talking about is it democratic not thrown out and so you said it might not work either i don't think it works no and you have to see also that testing for gross works particularly well for cannabis but not because it was nothing to do with aids or with it so it's as problematic many people who work in human rights consider that it's like considering students guilty instead of first considering them innocent it's also the danger of what would happen to those who are fun positive for drugs are there to be discriminated of losing access to education or being thrown out of schools etc this is a problem which may also be difficult but. testing every student for four drugs

if everybody is tested without exception one couldn't see how it could be done to democratic there is no discrimination it's just it's not very useful it's not prove defense union and it's very expensive and it's your experience and you know the reason why some people are afraid of that for example my many of my friends who have kids they're grown up around so you see if you're a kid. if he tasted cannabis like when he was like fifteen sixteen years ago only once and he can find traces of that can i was like after three four or five years even in is bunny and me find it and then they put this big stamp into his finals in this will and this will cause problems for him this is the major danger. testing people if it is to give them better access to confidential support confidential counseling and treatment if necessary so that they can leave

a normal life without a risk of discrimination i don't think it would be a big danger of the difficulties when it is actually discriminating very it is stigmatizing and that it it reduces the possibilities for the future i remember all the discussions there were about president clinton during his campaign as a president he had to acknowledge that he had smoked cannabis and didn't prevent him from being a pretty good president ok now according to federal aid center in russia at the hundred and sixty new cases of hiv infection i registered daily daily one hundred sixty new cases end more than more than five hundred ninety thousand people half a million people are living with hiv in this country does that mean that the virus the epidemic and russia is getting out of. troll because they live because of

that you see they name these figures they bet everything's under control is there is there a contradiction. it is it is it's me a pill a contradiction half a million people living with hiv is a very high figure indeed the number of new cases happening every year it was is what is important and it has been increasing steadily until last year and now last year the number of new cases was the same as two years ago you talking around the world and here in reading russian and maybe that theory of the opinion it is progressing most slowly now what we know from the beginning of this year is that the number of cases remains high and we don't see the transmission of the virus is slowing down what we see is elsewhere in the world the number of cases is creasing and it's decreasing in africa it's increasing in asia and countries that have taken effective measures for prevention are now reaping from what's the position of russia if we can period it's compared to other countries i mean in the in the case

of new cases and the number of people who are we in the middle of it well it's really high for europe really hard for you we are looking here at all russia is no europe is not old europe richer represents two thirds of the overall economy can eastern europe and central asia so it's are not often the case since it represents a province which was between four and five and one percent which is much higher than in western europe or central europe today it is less prevalent than in ukraine it's less pronounced in a studio but it is high and it is necessarily high and it's possible to prevent a lot of these cases of transmission when you says see a necessary high does that mean that if we put more money in more attention to the matter with me cope the program with me will meet for it it is there to really move in and says it is possible to reduce transmission. and countries of. in africa

which have far less possibilities and russia have shown it is possible so it's possible with good prevention is possible with increased access to treatment is possible by addressing the population most at risk. and we know in these countries it is mostly drug users who are most at risk of getting a trophy by doing these things it would be possible to reduce the ensure for the countries who have less resources but they have achieved more what's what do we lack in russia will devotion awareness away where there's a lot which is there in russia there is money every scum pittance there are excellent people there is a relatively good organisation what it really is and what is missing is some of the a political intimacy as i'm considering that each of you use in the international cause a little easier yes a lot of politicians and on politicians i think this was the case in two thousand and six when president putin to try. g eight summit of some people really put

a lot of emphasis on the fight against hiv it has not been kept at very high momentum what is missing or so is appropriate emphasis on prevention because really it's a disease that can be prevented and russia's doing very well on the prevention of mother to child transmission as you mentioned at the beginning is the increasing the number of people in treatment but when it comes to preventing new infections preventing infection among drug users preventing sexual transmission it could be done better and that would reduce the number of cases but still is still the main the main. cause of the during the main driver of the building at least in russia is is drug use in injection drug the dueling legals as we call them so what's the most effective strategy to prevent this needle to lethal transmission. well we are talking here of what is called harm reduction and these are people who are

already taking drugs a whole already harming themselves so we're not preventing harm we're trying to reduce the harm people are taking a growth spurt we would want to make sure that they do not get infected by hiv in addition i thought that if they inject this would only use clean needles and not exchange them preferably they should stop injecting and taking drugs through the mouth rather than injecting it they should also all receive the vaccine against had to take his baby and be treated for tuberculosis when needed this is this whole sphere of what is called the hundred action this is not very much developed in russia and it could be it could be done in a more scaled up manner though many experts worry that russia russia should or should legalize and they're done as one of the ways to to to to to fight to fight aids what's your opinion they had to vent this french version issue because russians don't want to do that either they see this interim method well

maybe to to just recall what methadone is they said it is a substitute you hear it in a subsidiary it's in a fluid drug when people take methadone they are dependent on methadone instead of being dependent on hearing but methadone is not injected with it it is something that people take through the mouth they are not at risk of being infected by the h.l.v. and if they are positive they have a lot of interest in infecting others but methadone is a drug and people have to get out of addiction to methadone it works there are methods to do that most countries in the world health methadone program all the countries of the european union have a methadone substitution program the twenty seven of them but it is something which is not a panacea it's not solving everything people are still drug dependent and i understand that among russian authorities there are people who feel it he's the drug users should receive and drugs paid by the government so that they would reduce the risk

they're taking right now. countries which have implemented that have shown that it is cost effective it is cheaper because people are no longer robbing or stealing or committing crimes to get access to heroin because they are no longer injecting and because there are other medical sutherland's there's not a lot is given by doctors so all these advantages and we see that less people die of overdose and less people get infected by a tragedy less people get arrested or in jail because of the crimes of little contracts says denise grooms the director of the un aid solution support see free europe and central asia spoke like a good deal back shortly after the break so stay with us we'll continue this interview is a lesson. plan . for. repairing

a broken nation. by way construction and humanitarian aid. but as shady officials called it the spoils of war it's the people who pay the price. for cheering he is no longer just down to drug trafficking plagues afghanistan damaging the. eleven. welcome back to spotlight i'm old enough and just to remind you that my guest in

the studio it's there. it is they need the director of the un aids regional support team for europe and central asia we've started talking about metadata which is a substitute rehiring but some people say they have not done even increases addiction though it may be less harmful than heroin but it. really increases the addiction to this chemical chemical stuff is there any reason than to call it a therapy or what sort of therapy is just it's just releasing hard as you put it. it is reducing harm it is also helping drug users get out of heroin just pay stopping injection and you have to see that people inject heroin not for the pleasure of injecting but because they receive a great amount of pleasure the moment the inject this kind of a flash that i don't get that with methadone methadone is intro which just reduces

the withdrawal effect they have by not taking heroin it's also in a period they're also dependent but they are no longer trying to reach some supernatural or good in the not getting high and they're not getting high on heart they can operate normally they can work in a grove of cars they can have a perfectly normal life you had an assistant in paris who had been on methadone and just could not get away from it he had been twelve years on methadone accident work and never a day off raising his family were drinking alcohol to know their preferably not and what is important that they know that there are people who are on drugs they don't think i'll go no people should not take over all they should not also take of the gross what we see the dangers with metered or are not so much over those which sometimes happens but when people associate methadone with sleeping pills for instance so that's it is a treatment and just like any medicine it is dangerous. this method and the treatment it's exercised through in india loose in some neighboring

countries like for instance which is close to russia similar to russia in in many senses well can be a good example when do you know about the effects of this treatment in this country i have been impressed by the methadone program in minsk in particular and i remember going there only in the morning they opened the center very early and steeple come and take the methadone because after that they go to work and instead of being broke users who are useless are not able to get into great in society and these people are by. at work are being a living and you know making a useful life for themselves and i think this is the part which is particularly important drug users who are on here in do not have this capacity people only that one can do that it's not perfect they're still taking opiates they everyone would prefer the dystopic doing it but at least they are living normally in society

a little as it is a damaging for the grain for the body and mean the methadone and. no not particularly damaging but when you can you become a drug addict over starting with methadone or or not because it doesn't give you pleasure it does make you heard no one wants to take methadone for the greater opportunities doesn't it give you anything but it's true that once you're addicted to methadone it's difficult to get off it just like any period just like mafia noticed by kerry thirty years after aids became a major scientific group who researches are still this agreeing on the causes of the disease spotlights you know the news that one has more and. the aids epidemic first heed the headlines in the made nineteen eighties the disease caused widespread panic as it claimed more and more lives including some of the rich and famous green front man freddie mercury world famous dancer rudolph marie of and

science fiction also isaac his emails were among the victims of the early ninety's since that time there has been a significant decline in death rates from aids the reason is huge progress made in ha the therapy which has become more effective and less harmful than in the early days of the epidemic but while the situation has improved in the developed world massive challenges remain over three quarters of all deaths from aids occur in sub-saharan africa where medication is hard to get last year aids conference in vienna was marked by a heated debate over the disease causes and how we can best be treated kerry stokes who's a chilly positive after eleven years on the drug combination therapy stopped taking the medication after coming across the turn to use it's not that hiv slash aids is a met aids are the asli is not a myth that's an acronym for a new suppression of people become immune suppressed all over the world every day

for all types of different reasons other things cause lower immunity and illness. when. hiv has been proven to be a viable infectious virus that sexually transmitted i think is really the bigger question for me while also took some minds compares alternative views on the relation between ha the aids was whole opposed to now last year's debates in vienna were a clear sign that the number of scientists willing to approach aids from an alternative point of view is growing. most of around what's your what's your attitude to the so-called deniers to people who deny the existence of a virus where we just heard one what was that immune immune. problems with a new t. happened but nobody has yet proven that that that that it's a virus because. oh yes it's absolutely proven i feel sorry when i hear such such

arguments because there's absolutely no question whatsoever i don't think there is any disease at any time in the history of men carry that has been studied more in detail the nature of a week or is any word is can be killed through the virus who killed you why can't we kill it's always always the drone there is a drone against every single one is it not a drone against the but i'm not sure i agree with that but there are some viruses which are not killed by growth which are suppressive all the time retain violence of the they reproduce far less and the copy each other far less with hiv drugs as you have now to recall virus you can arrive at what is called zero copy of the virus that means virus it invades the body by copying itself inside the cells if you arrive at zero copy you can say that people are living completely normally are not at risk of transmitting living very well but if you stop richmond then the virus starts copying again and the evolution of this copy of the virus is

aids and it's the suppression of the total immunity because these virus attacks the right cells which carry immunity and that's how people will degrade progressively when there was no treatment everyone was a face apart from some very remarkable exceptions. but everyone was there to face those only i think as far as and as a nobody has ever died of aids people die of aids related diseases absolutely they get in they they they get aids and they die of something else and you influence whatever thanks for correcting you perfectly right it's the very virus multiplies of the union system this is really is really. an injection in particular to brittany's. ok now listen you know in of the question i went through this commenee people who who traded for and other diseases for example heart disease. someone they. feel pretty envious they see so much money

is. invested into into friday of finding the cure against nature i mean frankly if people have spent the money mankind they they spend on aids for example into treatment of heart disease humanity would have become more. healthy the. world twice. as it was yesterday the think they think this is just just pure envy or. reason that this is we work with limited resources by definition so with more resources one can always do better i'm sure it can be done in heart diseases or in cancer in any type of condition hiv has killed thirty million people in thirty years it was a major threat for the whole of mankind and the fact that there has been such an

investment shows the importance that governments and research institutions have given to this disease now it should not be that money going to reach ovi should prevent other sectors of health from being financed because this would be a bad result but it's not the case it has really brought i dish and resources which were not there and which have achieved a tremendous amount but we are far from doing very well we have less than six million people in treatment we have a bit so you sound pretty optimistic and i would like clearing up to misty point a point of view when will we see. an h.s.a. the drug. in the uk stories. that people would be able to buy and get clear. you know the ideal dream would be to take one pill and a chevy skilled in these and please no one but it's a good ten twenty like for six months for for some time right now people can live

very normally they taking three pills in the morning three pillars in the evening we're looking at trying to see can there be one pill every day there are many drug companies working on that a lot of very promising results and they could of course get people to take their treatment more regularly be more observant also suffer from less side effects all of these things are in of there's a lot of research on that we are so researching on vaccine it has not been very successful so far but if there is a vaccine against each o.b. then this question will maybe no longer be relevant another age cherry related news in russia that i want you to come and go and it's the their their their their words as of only russian prisons are going to see the the government for not providing adequate aids treatment against leeds in. in custody so we're going to have you following this case we are keeping informed of course and in general in the whole of europe the health in prison is something which is not as good as health in

freedom and it's very difficult to provide appropriate medical services and treatment of people in prison they have been issues here in these countries of poor access i have met recently which was i was telling me that they have an hour set up of mccain ism by which all people requiring a cherry treatment in prison would receive it and starting now because there is a kind of a draft so. i'll definitely continue to to keep that on our radar screen but i trust that the russian government is definitely improving the situation i understand that there have been problems of access they have been problems of stock outs of drug they have been people who have not received access regularly it's very important that indeed they use whatever mechanism is the. the judiciary system provides them and some have made a very successful use of it thank you thank you very much for being with us and just a reminder that my guest in the studio today was denise broome the director of the

un age regional support team for europe and central asia and that's a fanatic from old stewart will be back with more for the congolese i love going on in and outside russia until then stay on r.t. and say thank you.

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