into drug trafficking. this is our to live from moscow just a reminder now of your top stories and i don't retreat if you're there says the time isn't right to reveal his plans for the presidency in two thousand and twelve he was fielding questions in a marathon news conference where he also said that russia would not support a u.n. resolution on syria after what happened in libya and when asked about jailed oil tycoon mikhail khodorkovsky the president said his release would not be a threat to society. egypt's revolution brought an end to a dictatorship there's

a shift in sectarian division with religious clashes already claiming dozens of lives christians and muslims are playing the post revolution leaders for failing to stem the worrying rising interest rates climb. and the big brothers battering sweden the e.u. uses its legal clouseau force the country to store people's online information sweden remains one of the few nations trying to protect internet users promising. the next r.t. follows the fate of one of the soviet union's best known scientists who became one of its best known dissidents the hydrogen bomb. do it stay with us. december one thousand nine hundred eighty six in the u.s.s.r.

was an apartment in the city of gold key a phone line is urgently installed at a set time the phone rings the voice of the other and speaks this is gorbachev please return and continue your patriotic activity. the person these words were dressed to has been merely the past seven years in political exile. it was the man who created the first hydrogen bomb and received a number of the state's top awards but he was also the most widely known soviet dissident constantly hounded by the k.g.b. and oppressed by the party's leadership the man who drew so much attention was under a satire of and his life was full of courage oaks is. now known as the city of nice north. key was closed to foreigners in the soviet times

because it housed a number of secret defense facilities. urge you to come to your senses mr subtle as a person living among the soviet people you must surely see clearly what goals the communist party and our people are striving to achieve on behalf of the twenty five thousand employees of our taganrog machine factory thank you to please come to your senses otherwise you shall lose every moral rights to carry the honorable title of a soviet citizen. a living to talents of his or a child transit police officer in the mid 1980's his unit was ordered to tail sucked out of especially when he was at the station saying. his wife elin and gone off to moscow go over. every officer had a specific task to carry out at all costs ever all task was to follow succor of and to ensure that no documents or anything else has passed on to him especially at the railway station and we were to ensure that he doesn't get to speak with any

strangers. during suffer those exile to go to every facet of his life was closely monitored including his personal correspondence hundreds of letters of support as arrived from abroad with intercepted by the k.g.b. although the settlers were always supplied with a notification of their mail had been delivered. via dr sun it has been so long since they have had any use of the well being we're very concerned about your health and the health of your wife illana owner will most anxious to hear from you and would greatly appreciate a response to this letter many people here in the united states and in canada support you and the principles which you stand good examples of the k.g.b. made a list of persons to restrict sahar of from communicating with certain people the k.g.b. were sure that some of these people were acting under orders of western intelligence

services to collect information on the status of the distant movement in the soviet union and the involvement of prominent public figures it worked with. some sort of had a round the clock surveillance team assigned to him local k.g.b. staff took pictures of his daily routine. this was so they could present them to western media as proof that human rights activists sacral was alive and well. sahar of could feel he was being closely monitored and he understood you would have to live with it for many years. in the house across the street there was a k.g.b. department who watch sacrifice every stick additional surveillance was installed in the yard nearby there was a special transmitter that new to the signals of western radio stations. most soviet citizens were initially unaware of sacco's identity he was the so-called

secret i can demick these are some rain shots of the sachar also taking a train ride to the town not to marks on any of the world's maps a nuclear research center artisanal sixty this is where several worked on his hydrogen bomb in the late one nine hundred forty s. . i worked very hard as a consultant on toss to be extreme importance to mankind and. their balance to nuclear own especially in the to correct palace because that is exactly what scared sees that these arms will never believed them. this is the footage from the detonation of the hydrogen bomb developed by under a subset of the us assad had managed to beat the united states in developing the terrifying weapon of mass destruction safronov became an academic easily thirty's

it's one of the bomb tests resulted in the deaths a soldier on site and a little girl in a nearby village they left a strong impression inside her all despite the positive outcome of the new jointer bomb. blast if i would also heard of comparable things through a small quality in the test sites that only saw her of the main hero with and he was allowed to open the evening of course he also propose the first toast will show everyone you're her she says i'd like to treat all bombs exploding into sites but never overtones in cities when you go down you've got a war that's going to. at that time several became acquainted with this isn't historian roitman feared if he was the first soviet author to write a book about the true personality of joseph stalin then you will believe infrastructure of himself again was a discovery find out about gulags about that system of terror that was the foundation of our further cooperation is to his writing about politics and self and

i bought him underground dissident publications and some of the. intellectual freedom is essential to human society freedom to obtain and distribute information freedom for open minded and fearless debate and freedom of pressure by officialdom and prejudices such a trinity of freedom of thought is the only guarantee against people being contaminated by mass myths which in the hands of treacherous hypocrites and demagogues can be transformed into a bloody dictatorship. in the west the usa was an instant success selling millions of copies to authorities response was swift to sattar of was banned from working in artisanal sixteen and moved to moscow there the academic attended underground meetings and took part in discussions on controversial issues soon sacro came under the close eye of the k.g.b.

before they were killed back in those years they often resorted to examine the dissidents abroad birdsong or of was too prominent a figure. also knew some state secrets though for no one even considered him going abroad as an option. do you recall with a well known soviet dissident he first heard sacral cinéma in the one nine hundred seventy s. while listening to radio broadcasts western radio signals were jammed by the soviet union the dissidents found ways around the static. it was possible to get rid of the radio jamming with. navy receiver it was everywhere in the soviet union and with his help we could learn the truth of what was going on in our country and help us find out andrei sakharov stores his essays and his activities at that age they. say via dissidents used to typewrite sacral sesay as they covertly posted them on

the streets k.g.b. agents were in a permanent lookout for them this battle against the grassroots movement raged for many years we thought it would go and women fired and we posted the year of birth in residential areas and back streets and courtyards our fires are still the truth and the second of himself was saying and exposed the lives of the soviet press started to publish about. it about a very good it'll. gradually human rights and became sacral smain occupation to launch extent this helped him overcome the grief caused by the death of his first wife and succumbed to cancer. a few years later sacro met killin and pointed at a dissident called trial. lawyer is an outstanding rhumba strong character and she had

a serious influence over andrei saw her of as you know he was very open and you can feel it is wives actions did influence his behavior. in the nineteen eighties prominent soviet artists that gave boucher of volunteered to paint sacral sport trait however the work remained unfinished he found the relationship in the center of family so intriguing that he wanted to include you in a bonnet because of her great influence over her husband. but as we talked of to suckle off i counted seven slaps on occasion changes every time she didn't like. and then i started to draw her she was shocked even to draw me to and i said of course sam i will only draw you because you have a tremendous influence over. a show's in my sketch she tried to rip it out of my hands and i actually had to run with it to save it from. one thought or. took to heart any attack on his wife the author of the notorious soviet book cia vs

u.s.s.r. who took the liberty of making an offensive reference to born a jew response from dr sutter of and in public. that in summer of surgical vs should apologize to my wife in public others less refused summer of came up to him and slapped him in the face although not too hard the man left the end of the summer of gleefully sent a telegram to his relief ice let him. december nineteen seventy nine afghanistan. after a special operation to remove the leader of his alarm soviet troops invaded afghanistan the soviet press would later kulis the international security etc we didn't hold back in publicly condemning the action calling its immigration he would

not be forgiven for his remarks. we drove up to the casa bridge one hundred ways to work the traffic police cars suddenly got a way. driver which surprised it sounds and walked to the placement of all of the back players and the reaction from so players and two men climbed. they showed a razor edge each of us and said that they were from a see a minister in fact they were from the tragedy. and the driver target they came to follow the car which was also from a cage illegal came to the prosecutor's office where the prosecutor become closer to make it a crime to the. towards the continent authorities have decided that you should be exhausted this is record of. the outskirts of gorky in the newly built area should have been key here under a some sort of and yelena bonner spends seven years of their lives together and

during all that time there every step was monitored by the k.g.b. how many employees were watching several how many cassettes of hidden civilians were shot and what reports were made it's all still a secret to this day. the culture is the same on the taxpayers' money i mean that was it ever real media is the story of many middle classes in the developed world the middle class has seen its condition and fortunes under stress for decades and the. lead. the world is. bringing you the latest in science and technology from around russia. we've got the future covered. moscow a limited physical institute and the academy of sciences the employees of the institute we're the only people allowed to visit sacro in the city of gorky. his

colleagues kept in touch with him during the whole seven year exile despite the difficulties such actions could bring them. when andre sucker of was in exile we did our best to preserve his office your rule nobody took his place at table you sign bearing his name was still hung on the door of the study that was attached to the inner side of the door and we separated by the wall guard at the side where you see. no official soviet establishment supposed to enforce the law has taken responsibility for the fact of fighting ports haitian it is only up to the courts to establish either someone's innocence or to determine the measure of punishment and a term of imprisonment my case is glaring unlawfulness. meanwhile in gold key all a sucker us and foreigners potential contacts were under k.g.b. surveillance. when the academic arrived in the city even the manager of the local pharmacy was specially instructed by the k.g.b.

on how to behave just sack of suddenly show up a state security officer approached me shoot his id card and instructed me as to how i was to sort of sucker of his war and if he happens to ask for permission to make a phone call i was to tell him they've already. in one thousand nine hundred eighty . and or a smidgen of was just thirteen years old one day he learned there was a local man whose name was only mentioned in response andrei and his friends decided to go and find out who exactly sattar of wards. of the fortune the first thing we saw was a man sitting in a table it turned out to be a policeman wearing civilian clothes. where no idea where injuries or who have lived and his neighbors showed us the way from the elevator. we rushed from the elevators fled there was on the right where broached the dorner christabel without

hesitation. woman opened the door seconds later we learned it was here in a ball and you're going the she gave us a look of surprise and we all stiff and raise our of live there she told us to come in and we did. it with. well sucker of was busy in his study and grades them in the whole flat he remembers to this day the living room with the radio sets where soccer of used to listen to western broadcasts and the kitchen with a remarkable table which the academic had managed to repair without nails than what he heard from sucker of a maze the boy much more ordered leaders told us that one of the basic reasons for his exile was opposition to the war in afghanistan we knew about this war and were aware the thoughts of august were being killed when we were leaving we all still for a civilian serve gave me and my friends a fail well postcard each. post card i've kept it for thirty years now and they

really briefly to andrey from and dream it all does that k.g.b. can take it away from us. an old two story mansion in the center of corky was the only place where andrei sucker of and yelena bonner could play friendly calls the family of maria high not skier elin his relatives lived in the building the high notes the family had a similar story they were also an ex article the key by the soviet or thora g.'s forty years before those events. since the one nine hundred eighty s. k.g.b. officers over the around the yard peering through the window to monitor several visits there were times when the academics ceased to believe there would ever be an end to his constant harassment. and they even found a place in new york where they wanted to be buried there is neither of them hope to

get out of this town of exile. the tension was extreme. gorky exile sucker of went on hunger strike three times for the first joined by c.n.n. and on the. local doctors received an order it's a hospital i said. the incident was put on record by the k.g.b. . today said it is still a local place of interest but the doctors don't like to comment on those events. therefore speed in involved quite rough methods as andreessen proof later recalled they fastened his arms and legs to the band plays a clip on his nose for a nutritionist mixture into his mouth whenever he took a breath. in one thousand nine hundred eighty three separate of managed to leak to

the west a new world three published them in response to soviet leadership started afresh bound to vote and persecution one of the central u.s.s.r. newspapers published an article composed by four soviet academics who choose to sack of of instigating. against the soviet union mr sattar of if you have the right to be called a comrade when the working class can no longer call you so the soviet workmen deplore your miserable attempts to tarnish the soviet reality and can damn your outspoken credit yury. these abusive letters are actually very diverse but they have a similar structure. didn't paragraphs denounces of their contents reveals that it was all staged they picked people from various ends of the soviet union and told them write sacrifice or write this and don't mention this and that.

meanwhile support for the exiled academic was growing in the west the square in front of the soviet embassy in washington saw so many demonstrations it was named second of plaza kind of encouraged where washington. new york and he said it before low number steps a russian and remain part street next to russian. united nations mission where mission is a very middle part of a war that was renamed sucker of borno corner. is well it's communist party has chosen mikhail gorbachev as his general secretary. in nineteen eighty five gorbachev started his policy of perestroika to bring down the iron curtain soon

after supper of receive that famous call from gorbachev he told him his seven year exile was over the silliest when the abnormality of the situation became clear everyone went on to discuss it i said so what let's face the issue. i think we should get back let him come back from exile and get to work because even at that time glasnost was already underway in a country where it would be a week of the gorbachev phone calls etc of return to moscow and was met by dozens of journalists sattar of had no idea what was in store for him the abstain from giving any political statements the first place he visited was a martyr a limited physical institute he went there to attend the scientific seminar but unlike seven years before he was not attained by the k.g.b. on his way led a branch of the first grade german to the seminar as usual are going to start it

was a seminar very much like the one that is being held here right now so no seminar started and then came subtle of intended to enter the whole noiselessly in order not to interrupt the seminal not to draw everyone's attention to himself something incredible happens as a positive and burst into applause was delivered here. soon sector of was elected to the supreme council as a delegate from the academy of sciences was in june one thousand nine hundred nine sacra found himself at the center of a scandal that flared up in the first days of the session he had condemned the situation concerning the soviet troops in afghanistan. and the war in afghanistan as a crime he may have been the great trial itself. you know it's not clear i should be held responsible for this great drawing country.

his statements were judged offensive by the offices who had foreseen that war themselves one of satirist main opponents his major surrogate children a peacekeeper a former paratrooper who lost both his legs in the war. we're very shocked by the provocative behavior of this famous scientists. thank. today sergey lives in kiev and is head of the ukrainian war veterans group he still believes that sucker of was to go about in trusting people who provided him with information including that on the situation in afghanistan. poor foolish generally speaking apart from being a great physicist group the sucker of was a very sincere and naive person he was easily deceived and believed everything he heard you with and i have to counter his statement so harsh manapul i think he was

simply to see for the people who surrounded her in the us which was a political course of the young surrogates pressed a populist standpoint among soviets in relation to the conflict in afghanistan those who supported sacro splinter view were an absolute minority of the session but at the bates a broadcast live across the country allowing the public to decide as a result sacristan to to receive letters once again just like in the old days this time however alexis had a much different tone to those that previously filled his mailbox during his gawky exile. dear dr sucker oh please accept my deepest apologies for the so called publish millionaires and i can't keep silent anymore after watching the session of the congress of people's deputies on t.v. did i realize how desperately need just. on december fourteenth one thousand nine hundred eighty nine during the session of the congress

sattar of gave an interview to kazakh television the questions concerned the future listening for last since test site in kazakstan it was a place when you clear weapons had been designated for decades sachar of demanded that the site be closed because the people who lived in this vicinity were paying too high a price for those nuclear tests. yeah right that mankind will terminate a critical period of history when we can peters and inventing weapons of mass destruction. as a kind of examination and condescend to say that a test of the ability to survive a focus will shift. it was his last interview and a few hours later satirise heart failed his friends even told him the previous day would deeply shocked. there'd be no warning signs.

thousands of people came to bid farewell to the academic sachar of. any final year sachar of was drawn to a new constitution for the country. but died before it was finished. many of those who had read sachar us early articles and his political supporters had lost their chance of meeting him in person. while for the high standards of goods and devotion to the cause of the people who are so sure of the set still needs to be fully understood. and that there were i'm sure the role is trailing the liberation of russia from doctrines are over just three pre-shared of british avoided the fate of the.