just. five thirty am in moscow were you in the week's top stories here on our teeth you see your headlines dozens killed in libya's capital as nato embarks on its most intense bombing raids yet well there has been heavy fighting as rebels renew attacks on the oil port city in zawiya and syria tension is rising as the government continues its severe crackdown on the opposition security forces have now retake in the northern town of bor reportedly following heavy fighting. in

greece anger at the introduction of a new wave of austerity cuts spills onto the streets the new measures are to secure a second stage of the bailout but the problems remain as germany and the european central bank over how to get private investors on board the u.s. navy ship in the black sea sparks outrage from moscow and claims it's a prelude to the planned nato missile defense shield for europe us in monterrey docked in odessa ahead of a joint military exercises in the area. coming up when thrill seeking turns deadly an unstoppable force of nature and that's our special report coming up next. the cole open in chile or in russia's north homes of the q.b. any massive mountain range this is the cold and windy bolshoi pass the snow here is between one and a half and four meters deep avalanche safety specialists are probing the snow

structure on one of the slopes. the top layer snow drifts on a slope is unstable and skis could trigger an avalanche shift attention those of you who are keen to scull mountain thinks please be careful. some avalanches a wet others a dry it all depends on the snows position the speed of avalanches varies between seventy and four hundred kilometers an hour man can do nothing in the face of tons of snow rushing down to such a velocity. and yet people do live in the mountains they study avalanches to be able to protect themselves from ages skiers and snowboarders tempt fate by taking to the mountain slopes.

in this weather station in the q.b. massive is situated close to the town of one hundred fifty kilometers north of the arctic circle it is one of the instruments of the avalanche safety service it records dozens of readings several times a day snow and ground temperatures wind direction solar activity and pursue potations all those factors affect the snow and its structure the station staff uses them as the basis for political reform casts concerning avalanches. what triggers a sudden movement of snow in the mountains resulting in a formidable natural disaster. finding the answer to that question is the job of scientists or some petersburg's hydra me to relaunch a call university one of the factors triggering an avalanche is nothing more unusual than snow evaporation little flakes turn into vapor even at very low temperatures. but with fiber in the top layer of the snow already escapes into the

year. but in low light as it settles on large snowflakes and turns into was. made. as a result snow in the lowest layer turns into large round crystals. just makes the top most layer slide over the ground pellets. the only way to fight avalanches is to get them to move before they begin sliding down and. whenever a weather forecast points to snow instability avalanches are set off to prevent the risk of a larger one occurring before the roads are blocked ski routes are closed and the area was cordoned off a moment computer system controls on the launch moved from gases fed into a bell suspended from a helicopter and operate to then say there's a spark in the belt on the gas explodes the shockwave triggers an avalanche.

this method is widely used in the foothills of the caucasus close to the city of sochi russia's most popular steam resorts is situated here. for all mountains in the world are prone to avalanches and all of them are affected by our launches every single one. yes the slope is avalanche prone if it is steeper than fifteen to twenty degrees. and two thousand and fourteen winter olympics has to take place here in new ski lifts are being built a modern trails are being prepared the downhill routes are varying complexity some are just right for budding steers others pose

a challenge to professional sportsman. the caucasus mountains all to pine area about the same size of an average european country roots provided with all the necessary facilities take up a small part of the slopes so far it is only possible to reach most of the mountain top spy helicopter going downhill where nobody. his set foot is the ambition of many skiers and snowboarders there is a special term for this costly form of entertainment kelly skiing. to get their wish for at least king is what every free rider aspires to and it just takes your breath away to ride down the slope after a helicopter. flies you to some out of the way not in the mountains.

national. ones we've left the helicopter we have to test the snow. so what this means is well we make it kicks to see the pattern of snow fall in the last few weeks. and if we see that there's a danger of an avalanche happening that day then we just pack up straightaway and go home when the situation is just right though we follow this route down a mountain. with the wilds of the rate the better the snow sure you have so many different routes lying ahead of you so you can choose whichever way you want to go down the mountain pending on the level of skiing your experience in english is how good you are. studying and

forecasting avalanches is a complicated process with many phases any forecasts supplied by the weather station can never be certain accurate conclusions are made only after testing the snow cover at a particular point. there one layer of the snow is compact the other is loose you can see it is fluffy. but you see if i touch this with my finger it is almost uniform i'm going to see how thick it is and there's twenty five centimeters of snow drift. snow drift is the layer that moves with the wind from one location to another this type of snow has the weakest bond or the lower layers. but when somebody comes to the slope they see such snow but they don't know what it is like underneath it may be packed and i'm a case that is not dangerous but what if it is unstable down there you just step on the snow and it slides away from you if the snows temperature structure and density

are all measured by the specialists to see how the layers point to gether they handle the readings right on the spot. where. the test demonstrates that the top layer of the snow drift on the slope is unstable so it may start sliding when skiis or snowboarders ride over it which could then trigger an avalanche so now we're going to designate the area as hazardous and closed to the public. attention of those of you who are keen to go mountain peaks please be careful according to the avalanche safety center a heightened alert has been declared for the next two days because of an avalanche hazard. motion is a ski resort within the arctic circle originally it was meant as a place where the people of the town of kill lost could spend their vacations today tourists from across the country come to visit. when we were going there for ten days but trouble struck on the second.

memories of what happened then also vivid in young's mind but it seems as though it were just yesterday but in fact several years have passed since the accident in many ways that incident changed his life. if you look at the slope from below you will see a clearing between the trees as it is there because frequent avalanches sweep away trees standing in their path i did not know at the time that the slope was avalanche prone. none of the people who came to that slope could even imagine the outcome. free riders make a special point of looking for wild slopes to ride over virgin snow.

for the past ten years you have guinea clipper cough has taken groups of free riders on the city of your coast to the mom i pass on the southern shore of lake baikal. the lake in the air quotes region is the world's largest body of fresh water locals call it to see it is fifteen hundred meters deep in places. where will cover part of the distance over the ice of lake baikal then it will be several kilometers of a winding path in the mountains another ten kilometers along a stream gorge. you could say the place is in the. wilderness there isn't any electricity or a decent road that you can only be reached either by snowmobile or a foot. on the way to its destination the group registers for the local rescue service.

an official of the service and rescue party takes note of its roots the number of people involved and approximate date of the group's return but if the group fails to turn up on time rescue teams will undergo a search and rescue operation like all other groups of this kind this one is briefed before it continues its journey. i wish to formally warn you of possible avalanches in the mountains you should be on alert especially after lunch time when warmer weather normally causes snow falls also a storm alert has been declared for tomorrow north westerly winds of up to twenty meters a second. a member of the rescue services joins the club because the group they go as far as the foothills where the road ends they then cover ten kilometers across low hills with an all terrain vehicle but before taking

a ride from the slope the group needs to hike uphill on force as no motor vehicles can get up such an incline. but. we're heading towards slopes hidden from the sun because that's where pax knows likely to be only. he may begin moving any time now that's why i will go skiing on the shady side close to the forests the snow still holds on. despite the long haul a group of free riders managed to scale the mountain and go downhill on the first day for some some.

cultures that so much is always about the feeling of ice you know michael you want to give a really thankful boris yeltsin was he a great man who made history always seemed merely a product of his time opinions differ widely don't know when to. us respond children green and one form or another socialism has spread the shadow of going to

education over most of the nations that they are. i and the shadow is encroaching upon all of. the early twenty first century military bases a network of military bases all around the forms of the empire that the united states is trying to build that's astonishing most americans have no idea there are more than a quarter of a million more than two hundred fifty thousand u.s. troops stationed on these bases all around. we don't have a problem bases of america we don't have any british base we don't have any korean base we don't have any french bases or you know we just all american bases in and in cross our bases are flocking clear of the noise is our noise and doesn't bother us at all because they're all bases but for other people it's almost like a cancer here for this field since the end of world war two the spaces have been

for. work here to provide a safe and secure environment for everybody. be questions be a thing else get everything you needed. to . be soon which bryson if you remove the song from fondest impressions. his friends starts on t.v. dot com.

the cold peninsula within the arctic circle is russia's northernmost point a group of sportsmen. skiing in the mountains has been hit by an avalanche rescuers of the kid regional rescue services receive requests for assistance they do not know how long it will take them to reach the scene a lot depends on distance the terrain and weather conditions they have vivid memories of what happened to a group of skiers from st petersburg a few years ago. the average is one of those who know all too well the full force of an avalanche feels like. new york but as i approach the edge to get ready for the descent. i mean yes i was knocked over with such force from my clothes and hat into the shuttle and everything became unfastened. i sensed i was tumbling down at top speed with an enormous mass of something crashing on me and it was like being under a stamping press but i cannot say how long all that lasted but i was told the avalanche

was on the move for only four or five seconds but to me it seemed like an eternity with enormous blocks of snow and ice reduce everything in their path to smithereens they sweep away trees and destroyed buildings at one point i felt as if i was literally bending over backwards with the stress on my spine was so great i thought my back would be broken. and my head was out of the snow. i think my lungs had filled up with snow and i strained to cough it up and i remember feeling afterwards that my chest had become lighter. yann was dug up by a companion who had not been caught up in the avalanche rescuers found three more men buried under the snow they were dead quite often it takes several days to find victims buried in an avalanche for me to long proves they used to dig into the snow

this is the only method to find a free rider unless he has a radio beacon on. when a probe hits something soft it's clear that it's a victim the sound produced by the probe in that case is also helpful so we begin digging right there and then felix eva is a doctor with the local rescue team he always joins the team on duty when they go to help avalanche victims his eight kilogram kit contains all the necessary equipment on site reanimation though in practice he rarely needs it. according to statistics if victims are stuck in an avalanche the fifteen minutes their chances of survival of fifty percent any longer and there is a sharp drop in the chances of survival here bill we haven't recovered a beary survivor from an avalanche around here in the past ten years. intense preparations for the winter olympics of cut the number of urgency lopes in

the vicinity of sochi available for free riding the results rescuers will be hard put to recall the last time they dealt with avalanche related incidents. and ten ice to counter the snow on the mountain slopes they are the visible part of what is otherwise covered with snow these ultra massive weather stations days or is continuously supplied to an online computer of the resort's avalanche control. the station measures snow depth air temperature humidity we know characteristics solar radiation and it's very precious with the least and more allow us to forecast avalanches with. these odd looking pipes on mountaintops are part of the results of a launch safety system. linked to so-called shelters booths containing gas cylinders with oxygen propane. no

k. everything's in order here for shelter oxygen and propane is fed to an anti avalanche come from special pipes and operators sets off the gas mixture by pressing a button. in the old days all resorts use guns or mortars to fight avalanches they would be brought to a slope and pfizer designated target nowadays they're gradually falling into disuse . we have resolved the problem by taking on purely ecological systems used elsewhere in the world. here because they don't damage the ground either in summer or in winter. they simply remove the snow whenever we want to get rid of it. a computer at the avalanche control service receives signals from automatic weather stations twenty four hours

a day they respective of weather conditions the figures are then analyzed. if necessary the operator uses the same computer to set a small allergan motion which cannot do any harm. which as we say any slip can pose an avalanche has a way. avalanches make even the most unlikely places. police skiing enthusiastic take every possible precaution but they can never be fully guaranteed against being caught in an avalanche. of that is that when you get on the fresh snow it's already under stress but you make things worse by adding your weight to it on top of that as you cutting the snow with your skis and all my combined might set off an avalanche. normally the guy will do the job himself of testing the snow and if he senses the possibility of an avalanche the might deliberately force the snow to get moving. if the it's

a boy if you cut into the snow in front of me that doesn't mean it won't snap behind his trudel first break up front a little crack behind you to you no matter whether you've done the cutting or somebody else has done it for you the. well it is all political. scientists in some petersburg have researched the peculiarities of the mountains ice and snow there is also surprising as it turns out an ice rupture generates a radio wave the computer located. i mean the most interesting thing about it is that radio frequency emissions take place shortly before i was sharing. this means it's possible to full cost as well as record are sharing actually but i mean it can be done if only for a short time before just an hour or so you know. experiments for the snow by the scientists have also demonstrated that during exercise an avalanche two emits radio

waves. smears nativist that radio missions are generated by a small snow crystals rubbing against one another in reserve and pointing to the existence of radio frequency radiation even in a visible range people are seeing light coming from nighttime avalanches. for the time being it is possible to forecast of a launch is only a few seconds ahead special radio receivers they used for the purpose. lantern on my on the southern side of lake baikal is known for its fluffy snow it is light soft and powdery freeriding fans need to demonstrate highly professional skills in such conditions otherwise one uncertain move may land you waist deep in the snow lawn untamed slopes of fraught with numerous risks for the novice.

but there you can see a large area covered with snow there were lots of trees there five years ago you go to a big avalanche in december swept away everything in its way. places a constant reminder of the threat posed by avalanches. huey riders from neighboring towns have built cabins in the foothills of mount my they spend weekends here there is nothing inside apart from stoves tables and shift beds the cabins are almost buried in snow which makes them look like big snow

drifts with smoking chimneys before they get to the mountaintop free riders spend a good deal of time scrambling along with skis oh boards on the backs. of the rivers you may not like it here if you enjoy sliding down hill you're unlikely to enjoy going uphill on foot complete with gear nori likely to be very keen to stoke the coals in the stove even during the night here you can leave without wearing snowshoes to cope with it you really need to love it all it's landscape this forest is weather and is permanent snow for then.

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