from the russian capital this is good to have you with us this our top stories now libyans in the capital rage at the nato bombing campaign which they say is robbing them of both their safety and their fuel supply constant price have led to a sharp shortage in tripoli where thousands of civilians are bearing the brunt of the war that. human rights groups fear nothing is changing for the better in egypt as the country's military rulers announce they've arrested several thousand people since february revolution. and all eyes on the east where members of the shanghai

cooperation organization including russia getting together to review ten years of collaboration and drop a blueprint for the future. to bring it up to the moment more news at the top of the hour with me but first we talk to those who will risk the night of an avalanche in search of the ultimate adrenaline high that's next for you. the cooler peninsular in russia's north of the q.b. need massive mountain range this is the cold and windy. pass the snow here is between one and a half and four meters deep avalanche safety specialists are probing the snow structure on one of the slopes. the top layer snow drifts on a slope is unstable and skis could trigger an avalanche shift attention those of

you who it came to skull mountain creeks please be careful. some avalanches a wet others a dry it all depends on the snows position the speed of avalanches varies between seventy and four hundred kilometers an hour man can do nothing in the face of tons of snow rushing down to such a velocity. and yes people do live in the mountains they study avalanches to be able to protect themselves from each year skiers and snowboarders tempt fate by taking to the mountain slopes. in this weather station in a q.b. massive is situated close to the town of killer of one hundred fifty kilometers north of the arctic circle it is one of the instruments of the avalanche safety

service it records dozens of readings several times a day snow and ground temperatures wind direction solar activity and precipitation all those factors affect the snow and its structure the station staff uses them as the basis for political reform casts concerning avalanches. what triggers a sudden movement of snow in the mountains resulting in a formidable natural disaster. finding the answer to that question is the job of scientists to some petersburg's hydra me to relaunch a cool university one of the factors triggering an avalanche is nothing more unusual than snow evaporation little flakes turn into vapor even at very low temperatures. in the top layer of the snow but he escapes into the year. but in lola's and settles on large snowflakes and turns into us. as a result snow in the lowest layer turns into large round crystals. just

makes the top most last slide over these ground pellets. the only way to fight avalanches is to get them to move before they begin sliding down. whenever a weather forecast points to snow instability avalanches or sets off to prevent the risk of a larger one occurring before the roads are blocked ski routes are closed and the area was cordoned off a modern computer system controls our lunch movement gas is fed into a bell suspended from a helicopter an operator then triggers a spark in the belt on the gas explodes the shockwave triggers an avalanche.

this method is widely used in the foothills of the caucasus close to the city of sochi russia's most popular ski resort is situated his. water port all mountains in the world are prone to avalanches and all of them are affected by our launches every single one. yes the slope is avalanche prone if it is steeper than fifteen to twenty degrees. and two thousand and fourteen winter olympics has to take place here in new ski lifts are being built a modern trails are being prepared the downhill routes varying complexity some are just right for budding steers others pose a challenge to professional sportsman. the caucasus mountains occupy an area about to say. size of an average european country roots provided with all the necessary

facilities take up a small part of the slopes so far it is only possible to reach most of the mountain tops by helicopter going downhill where nobody has set foot is the ambition of many skiers and snowboarders there is a special term for this costly form of entertainment kelly skiing. to get their wish for well least getting is what every free ride responds to it just takes your breath away to ride down the slope after a helicopter. flies you to some out of the way knock in the mountains.

once we've left the helicopter we have to test the snow. so what this means is well we make it kicks to see the pattern of snow fall in the last few weeks. if we see that there's a danger of an avalanche happening that day then we just pack up straightaway and go home when the situation is just right though we follow this route down an answer . for the wilds of the route the better the snow sure you have so many different routes lying ahead of you so you can choose whichever way you want to go down the mountain pending on the level of skiing your experience in english is how good you are. studying and forecasting avalanches is a complicated process with many phases any forecasts. by the weather station can never be certain accurate conclusions are made only after testing the snow cover

a particular point. one layer of the snow is compact the other is loose you can see it is fluffy. but you see if i touch this with my finger it is almost uniform i'm going to see how thick it is and there's twenty five centimeters of snow drift. a snow drift is the layer that moves with the wind from one location to another this type of snow as the weakest bond with the lower layers. when somebody comes to lists lope they see such snow but they don't know what it is like underneath it may be packed and i'm a case it is not dangerous what if it is unstable down there you just step on the snow and it slides away from you if the snows temperature structure and density are all measured by the specialists to see how the layers bond together they handle the readings right on the spot. and test

demonstrates that the top layer of the snow drift on the slope is unstable so it may start sliding and skiis or snowboards right over it which could then trigger an avalanche so now we're going to designate the area as hazardous and closed to the public attention of those of you who are keen to scale mountain peaks please be careful according to the avalanche safety center a heightened alert has been declared for the next two days because of an avalanche hazard. or is a ski resort within the arctic circle originally it was meant as a place where the people of the town of killed lost could spend their vacations today tourists from across the country come to visit. and we were going there for ten days but trouble struck on the second. memories of what happened then also vivid in young's mind that it seems as though it were just yesterday but in fact several years have passed since the accident in

many ways that incident changed his life. if you look at the slope from below you will see a clearing between the trees and it is there because frequent avalanches sweep away trees standing in their path i did not know at the time that the slope was an avalanche prone. none of the people who came to that slope could even imagine the outcome. free riders make a special point of looking for wild slopes to ride over virgin snow. for the past ten years you have guinea cliff a cove has taken groups of free riders on the city of your coast to the my my past

on the southern shore of lake baikal. the lake lanier could screech in is the world's largest body of fresh water locals call it to see it is fifteen hundred meters deep in places. where it will come a part of the distance over the ice of lake baikal then it will be several kilometers of a winding path in the mountains another ten kilometers along a stream which. you could say the place is in the. wilderness there isn't any electricity or a decent road there it can only be reached either by snowmobile on foot. on the way to its destination the group registers with the local rescue service. an official of the service and rescue party takes note of its roots the number of people involved and approximate date of the group's return if the group fails to

turn up on time presti teams will undergo a search and rescue operation like all other groups of this kind this one is briefed before it continues its journey. i wish to formally warn you of possible avalanches in the mountains you should be on alert especially after lunchtime when warmer weather normally causes snow falls also a storm alert has been declared for tomorrow north westerly winds of up to twenty meters a second. a member of the rescue services joins the clavichord group they go as far as the foothills where the road ends they then cover ten kilometers across low hills with an all terrain vehicle before taking a ride from the slope of the group needs to hike up hill on force as no motor vehicles can get up such an incline.

heading towards slopes hidden from the sun because that's where pax knows likely to be only he may begin moving any time now that's why i will go skiing on the shady side close to the forests the snow still holds on approach. despite the long pole the group of free riders managed to scale the mountain and go downhill on the first day before sunset.

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with much cause or run no holds barred look at the global financial headlines tune into kinds reports on r g. to a substantial degree and one time or another socialism has spread to shadow of human regimentation over most of the nations of the earth and the shadow is encroaching upon all of. the leave early twenty first century military bases the network of military bases all around the former still evil empire that the united states is trying to build it's astonishing most americans have no idea there are more than a quarter of a million more than two hundred fifty thousand us troops stationed on these bases all around us. we don't have a problem bases on america we don't have any british base we don't have bring the korean base we don't have any french bases or you know we just all american bases

in the in the last hour basis of why they are the noises our north is in those bomb the us at all because they're all bases but for other people it's almost like a cancer here for them speed. since the end of world war two the spaces have been. we're here to provide safe and secure environment for everybody. the questions the appeals to get everything you need. the peninsula within the arctic circle is russia's northernmost point a group of sportsman skiing in the mountains has been hit by an avalanche rescue was of the care of regional rescue services receive requests for assistance they do

not know how long it will take them to reach the scene a lot depends on distance but the rain and weather conditions may have vivid memories of what happened to a group of skiers from st petersburg a few years ago. which is one of those who know all too well the full force of an avalanche feels like. with new york as i approach the edge to get ready for the descent. you know i was knocked over with such force from my clubs and happened in the shuttle and everything became unfastened. i sensed there was tumbling down at top speed with an enormous mass of something pressing on me it was like being under a stamping press i can't say how long all that lasted but i was told the avalanche was on the move for only four or five seconds but to me it seemed like an eternity was enormous blocks of snow and ice reduce everything in their path to smithereens

they sweep away trees under straw building at one point i felt as if i was literally bending over backwards with the stress on my spine was so great i thought my back would be broken. then my head was out of the snow. i think my lungs and filled up with snow and i strained to cough it up i remember feeling afterwards that my chest had become lighter as it. yann was dug up by a companion who had not been caught up in the avalanche rescuers found three more men buried under the snow they were dead quite often it takes several days to find victims buried in an avalanche for me to long proops they used to dig into the snow this is the only method to find a free rider unless he has a radio beacon on it. when appropriate something soft it's clear there is a victim a sound produced by the probe in that case is also helpful so we begin digging

right there and then fairly excessive assured is a doctor with a local rescue team he always joins the team on duty when they go to help avalanche victims has a kilogram kit contains all the necessary equipment for on site reanimation though in practice he rarely needs it for according to statistics if victims are stuck in an avalanche for fifteen minutes their chances of survival of fifty percent any longer and there is a sharp drop in the chances of survival. we haven't recovered a buried survivor from an avalanche around here in the past ten years. intense preparations for the winter olympics of cut the number of burgeon slopes in the vicinity of tsotsi available for free riding results rescuers will be hard put to recall the last time they dealt with avalanche related incidents. and ten eyes to counter the snow on the mountain slopes they are the visible part of what is

otherwise covered with snow these are automatic weather stations taser is continuously supplied to an online computer of the resorts government controls. the station measures snow depth temperature humidity wind characteristics solar radiation. and it's very pressure release and more allows to forecast avalanches but you know. these old looking pipes on mountaintops are part of the results of a launch safety system. failing to so-called shelters hooves containing cast cylinders with oxygen and propane. but. more you should know ok everything's in order here for shelter oxygen and propane is fed to an empty avalanche come from special pipes and operators sets off the gas mixture by

pressing a button. in the old days all resorts use guns or mortars to fight avalanches they would be brought to a slope and fired at a designated target nowadays there grandcolas falling into disuse. way have resolved the problem by taking on purely ecological systems used elsewhere in the world. they don't damage the ground either in summer or in winter. they simply remove the snow whenever we want to get rid of it or get out on. a computer at the avalanche control service receive signals from automatic weather stations twenty four hours a day irrespective of weather conditions the figures are then analyzed. if necessary the operator uses the same computer to set a small avalanche in motion which cannot do any harm. which

as we say any slip can pose an avalanche hazard. avalanches may occur even in the most unlikely places that. enthusiastic take every possible precaution but they can never be fully guaranteed against being caught an avalanche . of them is that when you get on the fresh snow it's already under stress but you make things worse by adding your weight to it on top of that is you cutting the snow with your skis and all my combined myself an avalanche. normally the guide will do the job himself of testing the snow and if he senses the possibility of an avalanche he might deliberately force the snow to get moving. if the bids upward if you cut into the snow in front of me that doesn't mean it won't snap behind his trudel first break up front but little crank behind

you to name at or whether you've done the counting or somebody else has done it for ya. you know what it is all. scientists and some pages kirk of research the peculiarities of the mountains ice and snow there is also surprising as it turns out an ice rupture generates a radio wave the can be located. i mean the most interesting thing about it is that radio frequency emissions take place shortly before. it makes it a piece means it's possible to full cost as well as record i sharing. this can be done if only for a short time before just an hour or so. experiments with snow by the scientists have also demonstrated that during its slide an avalanche two emits radio waves. here tonight that is that radio missions are generated by a small snow crystals rubbing against one another is there reason evidence pointing to the existence of radio frequency radiation even in

a visible range people are seeing light coming from nighttime avalanches. for the time being it is possible to focused avalanches only a few seconds ahead special radio receivers they use for the purpose. of mountain anaya on the southern side of lake baikal is known for its fluffy snow it is light soft and powdery freeriding fans need to demonstrate highly professional skills in such conditions otherwise one uncertain move may land you waist deep in the snow along the untamed slopes of fruit for the numerous risks for the novice.

but. there you can see a large area covered with snow there were lots of trees there five years ago a big avalanche and assembler swept away everything in its way. places a constant reminder of the threat posed by avalanches both. huey riders from neighboring towns have built cabins in the foothills of mt. they spend weekends here there is nothing inside apart from stoves tables and makeshift beds the cabins are almost buried in snow which makes them look like big snow drifts with chimneys before they get to the mountaintop free riders spend a good deal of time scrambling along with skis or boards on their backs. you may not like it here if you enjoy

a sliding downhill you're unlikely to enjoy going uphill on foot completely nori likely to be very keen to stoke the coals in the stove even during the night here you can leave without wearing snowshoes to cope with it you really need to love it all this landscape this forest this weather and this permanent snow full year.

more than a month. in one of the most extreme environments on the planet this is it and charge it up and people have to be aware that they're far away from civilization sean called his discoveries what makes antarctica so special and attractive for many wildlife in antarctica is a close and a flood of. expedition to the bottom of the earth are three.

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