civilization shoulder problems discovers foot makes antarctica so special the destruction from nearly wild life in antarctica is unique and. extradition to the bottom of the earth on our tree. claudette time for a look at the main stories we're covering for the simple. but ten year old victim of the russian plane crash that killed forty four people has died in hospital the news comes as aviation experts examined that box recorders from the passenger jet exploded into flames in the public on. the greek government survives a critical vote of confidence in its austerity drive me to protest the will of the people is being ignored parliament's it was not decide whether to impose austerity

measures with leaders of europe and it's a cure something you played out. and former soviet republics and warm the twenty seven million victims killed in your fight against atlas troops the state seventeen years ago not simply. on the stoop and the discomfort to the region's history it became known as the great patriotic war. next we'll talk to those who still are not suggesting his first offensive against the soviet union which took place in city of protest. and breast fortress today it's on the territory of the sovereign republic of bella roups formerly the soviet republic of belarus the fortress was once the westernmost outpost of the soviet empire each day schoolchildren in the town of brest take part in a ceremony by a local monument to commemorate what happened there. on june twenty second one hundred forty one german fashion forces invaded the soviet union without

a declaration of war the defenders of the breast fortress found themselves in a dead end situation it is here that the myth about the invincibility of the german army was broken after the end of the war and the rest fortress as a name became synonymous to perseverance courage and belief in victory for years to come. the early hours of june twenty second nineteen forty one german artillery unleashes a massive barrage from the breast garrisoned. german warplanes some ultimately dropped hundreds of bombs on the fortress soon after infantry assault groups launched the initial ground attack.

is one of the officers in charge of the fortress defenses. is dodger i.e.c. often visits the monument to her father on the outskirts of rest. shows was he looks like me at the even today i guess nervous when i come here well it's funny i see those events in my mind's eye as if they were yesterday. today children play war in the old case mates but in the first days of the real war the unit under the command of luggin rashad lawsky was holding out in one of them within two days the defenders had exhausted their ammunition. daughter saw the germans trying to capture her father. of the sudden it was a noisy scene that fonda had crampy he had shown times the gratings and plunged into the river but we went into town and began firing at him present death in captivity he shouts if those were the last words he addressed to his soul.

in accordance with their plan to attack the soviet union the germans had amassed three armies close to the border among these armed groups or was the most powerful its mission was to encircle and destroy soviet troops and belorussia and move on to moscow as money. the german strategy relied on surprise attack to demoralize the and reserve from the hoping psychonauts. the sound of the explosions was deafening. that i had seen war only in films. i thought it was an earthquake i just couldn't believe it was a war going on. the first hours of june twenty second one thousand forty one. of a member of the military band asleep in his barracks on the second floor abreast fortress. within minutes of the attack bullets and shells fragments had riddled the

barracks walls. i remember just all over the place. well. i could barely breathe iraq myself in a blanket. when i heard an order from your rifles and get downstairs. now i barely have time spall my coals before rushing downstairs with michael toon. only a few hours later the german plan to move through bella russian territory had stalled . every week covered from the initial shock soldiers remaining in the garrison offered stubborn resistance despite being up numbered nearly two to one by their attackers. one of our rifle regiments counterattacks the german soldier and tried to roll back to the gates but

they were met with a shower of bullets there are too. many of the fastest style there. at beginning of the huns edmund shown back was born in munich on june twenty second one thousand nine hundred one he was among the german troops who entered belorussia . shortly before that he had been called up from high school and sent to the eastern front to serve in a panzer unit. it's a huge force terrifying wave of german outsell removed from also it's. interesting territory and when they were done we knew we had to go in. another tanks initially . saw the first horribly injured german soldiers and it wasn't just me we all knew what would happen and it was terrible.

the border between. follows the same line along which soviet frontier posts were once deployed. it was they who bore the brunt of the nazi invasion for several days small arms were the only weapons the border guards can nevertheless they held up the advance of german troops and tanks for some time and they billing the fortress garrison to organize. yes and come on the german command allowed thirty minutes for the destruction of the frontier posts but some held out from one to seven days proposing one attack after another. these pillboxes on the border were built shortly before the war but they were never used supplies and ammunition for the machine guns had been scheduled to arrive the day after the next invasion of soviet territory. was in command of one of the pill boxes he was officer on duty the day before the start of the war this picture shows

or so i would encourage his friend nikolai a fellow servicemen returning from a night of dancing in breastplate on june twenty first nikolai broke the news to her. brother near. i have something terrible to tell you. charles thoughts. when i was there my girlfriend told me. that a war would break out tomorrow or four in the morning. on this one hundred thirty nine two years before the start of the war relations between the soviet union and germany had become noticeably warmer foreign ministers of the two states mullet of an ribbentrop sign a non-aggression pact. in

september nine hundred thirty nine german troops invaded. this is german commander hines budi on his tanks captured the breast fortress at that time part of polish territory. this is rare footage i joined it in german military for a in accordance with the secret deal to divide the german military hands breast over to solve the troops in less than two years' time. well again launch an assault on breast fortress fighting against the same troops you know solicits in the interim dispenser units will have gained valuable experience in successful offensive operations in europe. and are assured we have the modem same knowledge ain't to communicate between the tanks it was like headphones. i'm not allowed us to react small quickly being the russian tanks couldn't communicate with each other like whereas we could for example withdrawal and then it's not from

the science. june twenty fourth one of the most tragic days for the defenders of the fortress during another attempted assault by nancy hughes the russian officers wives and children as a human shield on this bridge. and then measured. they told us women and children to lie down on the bridge close to monterey pieces. can you imagine four or five guns firing is a time it can shatter your brain. my son slava has one of his it on the spot now he can't hit anything it's all in that's here yes i saw my daughter's hand turning gray one after another. she was only a little kid. alexander mccall was only six years old in

one nine hundred forty one he and his parents were living in brest fortress he spent two days in the so-called polar magazine at the start of the war he was wounded and lost his entire family here. at all since an arrest the gravity of the situation the children didn't. who. was standing in the river that's when we got scared over who. and when i was so my mother and sister killed while sitting right here. i thought to myself away as far as a cool under the feet of those who were in the cellar of the. in essence the entire territory of the fortress is a monument to the victims of the wars of first day numbers building houses a museum. at the center

a famous exhibit an alarm clock the stock ticking as soon as the war began. another exhibit is dedicated to the children of red army commanders who fought in the fortress many of them were murdered by s.s. task forces in one thousand nine hundred two a year after german troops attacked the soviet union. forces in the ultimate one hundred forty two this. massacred fifty four children at an all or financially aggressed their parents had already died in the war. while threats on the commands at the children's teacher was she and the children the forced out of the orphanage and killed all of them in. a vigil of combination i'm sorrow takes place each year in the breast fortress on the ninth of june twenty first can those are lives in the. veterans come here from all over the former soviet union

a slide show features pictures of the red army commanding officers who took part in the defense of breast fortress after the ceremony border guard soldiers float a reserve in the western move river to commemorate the people whose lives were cut short in breast fortress in june one thousand forty one the names of many of them are still unknown. on. to.

the book. june twenty second midday eight hours after the german attack most of the surviving defenders of the best fortress moved into cellars under the barracks teleco and his comrades spent about three days there build back in the nineteenth century cellars withstood direct hits in the aerial bombardment. improved here there was

a hospital for the wounded here. while the makeshift mortuary was over there at the end of the chorus or more the german command demanded that the defenders lay down their arms and surrender when they turned down the ultimatum german assault groups used flame throwers to flush them out. the heat was so intense that even bricks began to melt. the fighters continued their resistance as they shifted from one place to another. this is how german war correspondents pro-trade the event but cameraman were unable to film an emerging from sellers with their hands raised as a sign of surrender none of them did get. their way this russian surrender it was a german shelter a loudspeaker or no that will let you live don't be afraid they said.

when some of the spot of the loudspeaker they hit it with a person of machine gun fire is pretty real that was the end of the propaganda that's the critical. shortage of water was the biggest problem the defenders faced . a western was nearby but german troops were in control of all approaches to it still haven't other fighters managed to reach the river several times under the cover of darkness. to reach the west we were sometimes crawling sometimes running some fields. mess tins or helmets. trying to make no noise we had to do with the germans fired flares of old time they certainly would have opened fire if they'd spotted else. no days mining engineers for wartime ammunition in the western. one of the latest finds is

a german two hundred ten millimeter artillery shell. is just as dangerous today as it was sixty eight years ago. careful slowly slowly don't turn it over. most of the shell could go off at any moment if it's not handled properly if it does judging by its size it will deliberate everything within a radius of about five hundred meters. on the average day divers pick up three to ten objects relating to the first days of the war. in the nineteenth century the rest fortress was long considered impenetrable they outer walls were two meters thick. in the twentieth century it was in effect a death trap for the seven thousand strong soviet garrison. from the start of the war all the fortresses gates were continuously under artillery and machine gun fire

they were also blocked by attacking enemy troops as a result fewer than half of the men who were sheer on june twenty second were able to leave the fortress and protect the border. operation barbarossa the german plan to seize still be territory was ready in december nineteenth forty but most of the soviet leaders as hitler would target britain first before unleashing any attack on the soviet. one but a. stalin was already aware of the plan by february not in the one little problem was that the germans regularly postponed the. initially it was i could have been my fifteen meanwhile stalin was desperately trying to delay it war until autumn with. breast fortress where the first assault was launched actually consisted of several forts situated on islands around the main

fortification in the the eastern seaboard offered the most stubborn resistance. most of the fortress defenders still expected reinforcements down to the end they did know they were already well behind enemy lines germans has seized the town of brest within hours. abreast residents lived under occupation for nearly three years when the germans came she was told that she was not. a second rate person. that. even public tell this in hospitals could not be used by everybody johns had decent food the obvious we're not so lucky. to save the town name every way you could see a sign saying. it's only oh. no and it's already during the first days of the war many people in breast and its environs started sneaking out of town. in the forests of belorussia they

formed groups of guerrilla warfare by cd because love learn new skills those of a machine gun here in the forest dugouts in june one thousand nine hundred one could have. children and women was hiding in there and. all of us lived here and all of us were helping each other. the partisans stayed in the force for about three years in the daytime they carried out reconnaissance and secret monitoring of the enemy in the evening and they were engaged in special operations. forces use this railway to bring military hardware to the front line. with. explosives were placed under this truck so that nobody could see them and. the germans sent reconnaissance parties to check the tracks but that didn't help a lot of scouts and a little as the train came closer we singled out the way in carrying military

equipment to be blown up. quick and the wagon was no more. this imagery for soldiers of the german forty fifth division appeared soon after the assault on the fortress and takeover of the town of brest german troops had already swept across poland france and much of europe but in storming the russia they encountered the most ferocious resistance today. and that is that the best bit solace that all weapons were the best in the world. we were the strongest anyone invest and we believed in. it loosely because of our successes in western europe like the operation in france but it was far from the truth. these four soviet memorials commemorate fighters whose bodies have been recovered by search parties since the war searching for missing soldiers is

a long and complicated process. first the head of a search group asks locals where exactly the fighting took place who gets what with there are also protests on many of our fights as particularly the pasta sons died in the sauna and i'm just looking through the wood she could see the dead lying increase of ten zero child they never made it out of the forest. then a group of volunteers sets out on an expedition they comb the site meter after meter. weapons and other objects made of metal really well underground. this is a soviet helmet it was a direct hit. you can see where the shot entered and exited. the returns to base the objects are carefully examined the latest expedition has turned up. a flask. but the searchers regard so-called medallions

as the most valuable. these are small cases containing all important papers they carry the information that will help identify the soldier his age rank and the name of town or village where he was called up. it just so happens that we're from the same place as the dead soldier we're going to look for his relatives now one more fallen soldier has a name. if papers identifying the dead are found they are sent to officials a state archive each year adds more names to the list of breast fortress defenders . this is the personal record of one of the fighters still. keep his identity was verified just a few years ago. no his name is inscribed on

a memorial wall in the central alley of breast fortress it has replaced another place saying unknown soldier study he's nice is his only surviving relative just recently did she learn of her uncle's fate. tiniest netzach that which people want to at least see the grief of some but it is not least flawless in it and think about a person there is nothing more painful than the witnessing so when my uncle's name was finally written on the memorial plate it was a very touching moment for my family. the last defenders of breast fortress repelled german attacks for nearly a month in the one nine hundred sixty s. the museum received a fragment of the inner wall of one of the chase mates of the eastern for an inscription discovered on it dates from july twentieth one thousand nine hundred forty one scribbled with a knife and said farewell my. i'm dying but i'm not surrendering.

nobody surrendered to their own a code. all of those captured people that if they were unable to use their weapons. but nobody raised their hands before to the death to the last minute. and mussolini arrived in august one hundred forty one for a visit to brest fortress despite official reports claiming that there were no surviving defenders unprocessed. security precautions were put in place. on the eve of the top level visits to german soldiers patrolling an area near the fortress and disappear. for fear of hitler and mussolini entered the fortress through a bridge that used to be right here where hitler saw here is known to have made a strong impression on him that even took a stone lying amongst the ruins with them. after the fall of berlin the stone was

found in hitler's office at the chancellor e. of the third reich. a church in breast fortress. there are traces of shells on the walls and inside the dome. it was from here that the defenders of breast fortress launched their first counterattack. scores of german and soviet soldiers died here. the time has come for mutual forgiveness. we must live in peace. it's not always to forget the past it must not be forgotten. as we might forgive. children now play invest fortress where military hardware dating back to the one nine hundred forty s. is on display they knew about that war only from books and films. on holidays veterans told tourists about the war. of another survivors of the first battles in

the fortress regard these rooms as the cornerstone of their faith in the ultimate victory over fashions troops. a journey covered his comrades lived to see that victory in one thousand nine hundred five nearly four years after those tragic events and rest for chris.

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