from stupid. stunts on t.v. . twenty years ago largest country. to certain places to. sleep what. you try. to teach began the journey. where did it take to.

broadcasting live from the heart of our t.v. we're certainly going to have with us we'll take a look at your top headlines thousands of demonstrators remain outside the greek parliament as the government gives its final approval to hard hitting spending cuts and tax hikes the ratification secures an e.u. bailout but that's been met with weeks of protests and writing that's left more than three thousand injured. anger at budget cuts has also flared in the u.k. as a one day public sector strike twelve thousand schools in england and wales workers walked out over pay and pensions hitting job centers and passport offices and border control. and even diplomatic approach russia calls on the un to carefully consider its handling of syria foreign minister sergey lavrov. points

out yemen is in a state of civil war while the un has so far failed to take action but has taken a hard line position against damascus. and up next the latest in our series of reports on life in the former soviet republics twenty years after the collapse of the u.s.s.r. . nine hundred ninety one georgia or achieved independence from the u.s.s.r. . the standoff with the rapidly disintegrating soviet empire. we did get independence but it resulted in much blood and destruction. a similar broke out in georgia d'souza came sovereignty to this day the nation has been unable to overcome its aftermath the country's infrastructure is in ruins tens of thousands of people who fled the country in the time of the soviet union was one of the wealthiest republics today one third of the population lives below the poverty

line twenty years have passed but people here enjoy less freedom than they did during the soviet period. back in one thousand nine hundred eight. really was just a student he joined a mass trying to strike outside government headquarters time the country was still cooled the georgian soviet socialist republic. that hunger strike which lasted eight or nine days. liberation i often sat on the steps with my friends. the number of protests is good day by day. then a young historian lend his support to the cool. independence was my watchword at that time i didn't miss a single public action all right. in

a nation celss of people gathered in tbilisi for an open ended rally outside government headquarters they wanted independence for the republican georgia viet gamsakhurdia leader of a nationalist movement was the speaker who made the most extremist remarks in an intensely dramatic speech. in the early hours of april ninth the soviet government dispatched armored vehicles and soldiers against peaceful demonstrators sixteen people died and hundreds were injured. a mathematician would be magnet of georgia was lucky enough to evade even injury. we were in too much of a hurry we were trying to study history to help move it forward what happened then had to happen but of course the thought the georgian might become independent is nine hundred ninety one never crossed my mind back in the late one nine hundred eighty s. . steer clear of the became the first president of

a sovereign georgia in april one thousand nine hundred one after an election campaign where independence was the catch phrase but it soon as he came to power he didn't expect that independence multo from this region. would take into ethnic conflicts began. georgia responded by sending troops to suffer says here. people were once neighbors became bitter enemies thousands of refugees fled to georgia. as far as i know years ago this building was meant to be a hospital. but there is no hospital and now. the building is used as a shelter for refugees. thousands of the georgians who have left since the early

one nine hundred ninety s. still live in makeshift shelters they have lost everything homes jobs and even the hope to return to their home country georgians and alike have gone through a lot of suffering such as the horrors of war and loss of loved ones and yet they don't blame one another for that conflict. well you know there is no bullet dishes have toned people a potty there was no enemy to between individuals my neighbor said to me what am i supposed to do one of my sons in law isn't a pansy and that means my grandsons are peasants aren't they. and other daughter is married to a georgian so her children are georgians do i need to tell my grandsons apart what am i supposed to do in this situation the. bitter fighting between georgia's standing army end up causing an insurgency cost thousands of lives on both sides. to more is not because young woman four of her five sons died in the war the

youngest was seventeen when he volunteered to fight his grave is close to his father's. you have an opinion that i would do like to have the word war confined to the history books. i want nobody to ever arteries again i wanted to be forgotten altogether radio. tomorrow and the husband wanted the new house to have enough room for all their children and their future families but now it's almost uninhabited one of the rooms houses a memorial museum to the family it features the son's medals they received and the letters they sent from the front line to more especially treasures objects made by her children i want in this is the root of a pine tree they made a heart out of it. my second

son enjoyed making such things she died in a battle on the same day as my youngest son len many georgian opposition parties and even spearhead gamsakhurdia as former associates demonstrated that discontent with the rule georgian intellectuals sent numerous letters to the president asking him to come to his senses. responded by imposing censorship. all of them with a nine hundred ninety one law even denied registration for all political parties it was indorsed by people who had served terms in soviet prisons and campaigned for georgia's freedom and independence. most people did what they themselves had been opposed to. they trained to become a mathematician in the early one nine hundred ninety s. he left university and went into business his elder brother chose the career of an

actor today he is very popular in georgia i his soul's in short films have an uncanny bearing on the country's present day situation. i had no desire to get involved in the war in a cause here in such a a war where brothers were killing brothers so i decided to stay away from georgia for a time there were. those who were displeased with the first president gathered to openly demand his resignation the nine hundred ninety two standoff between protesters and the regime erupted into street fighting involving artillery and tanks ziad gamsakhurdia had to fly. leave the country.

it was george the second president the experience political heavyweight. perestroika soon after he took office he lifted the opposition political parties and allowed independent media. after i went into business in one thousand nine hundred ninety three i launched a project called. over ten years i turned a small studio in the provincial town of into a leading national broadcaster. to t.v. channel rushed at the country's new leaders including president eduard shevardnadze and was focused on runaway corruption. corruption in the economic sphere was enormous off the shevardnadze came to power but on the other hand businessmen learned new skills in tune with modern times and a real market economy took shape true there was pervasive corruption from top to

bottom but there was also freedom of speech and individual liberty the sort of quagmire that we have now didn't exist then. independent t.v. channel two became a so-called platform for the opposition and had great political weight but president shevardnadze who declared freedom of speech as a principle made no attempt to sway the channels editorial policy. the worst of the two t.v. channel and other georgian media paved the way for radical political transformations november two thousand and three saw a bloodless coup in georgia the rose revolution. really a young and ambitious person came to power. as are both when i attended my resignation of my own free will to prevent bloodshed when they burst into the house of parliament i went out into the street to meet my followers. of any order coming

from me is the law for the army no doubt the army was of defeated them after a bloodbath i make no distinction between the two sons all of them and georgian citizens. really had promised to beat corruption and lead the nation to prosperity however it was the press that was the first victim of his law and order. wealthy british style stock. markets why not can't. find out what's really happening to the global economy with max cons are for

a no holds barred look at the global financial headlines and tune in to kaiser report on our. ok on the fourth quarter. this street still keeps its secrets but now it's time to reveal the hidden from the soviet files on. spending the year in iraq is not a true journalist i saw some ways to go along with the u.s. contractors there's kind of wasting their time trying not to get killed.

i thought all along the length of the movie at about five hundred miles it would take me months twenty seven days in new going to publicize and people invited the more i think the hope believes these people started the bait of a dialogue is this just. changing the slogan or way to mislead seems that it's. as soon as really took power he attempted to take control of the editorial policy of the country's leading independent t.v.

channel. to. really realize that his window of opportunity. lutie was quite narrow. the authorities ambition to take control of the channel goes back to two thousand and four the new system of government seemed to be weak we thought we needed to build a viable state first and then take care of the rest of us because of the earth as it turned out the regime's aim was to take control of the channels i take the blame for what i did because i gave away restudy to i didn't want to rock the boat. as about the same time george's media was going out of its way to report on mikhail saakashvili as police reforms on face value the changes look quite impressive petty crime had been stamped out people now felt more secure on the streets of the towns of the. traffic patrols that stopped taking bribes. it does exist through the country's traffic police are totally free from corruption. but

you can get your license within a day after pain right through official channels instead of flying in somebody spock it's. for many years nino burjanadze was speaker of the country's parliament and one of my. closest associates in two thousand and eight she resigned from the post of parliamentary speaker and founded an opposition party oh yes there is a very serious problem it's corruption in the elite it has grown even larger compared to what it was like in the last years of shevardnadze through when everybody was talking about corruption in georgia's government. there. was always an opposition moderates to saakashvili as the owner of a major medical insurance company he knows all too well the meaning of so-called elite corruption saka through as soon as second civilian his inner circle came to

power they set about collecting taxes and so cool dirty money was that they sent very many people to prison and were businessmen as well as former officials among them people realize they had better pay off as much as they were expected to pay they sold the property they ceded their shares in businesses to members of saakashvili as party prosecutors office and the interior ministry kept a close eye on the deals this man. ten top discontent fun erupted into a mass rally in november two thousand and seven according to various estimates fifty to one hundred thousand opposition supporters came to the house of parliament in tbilisi. for several days they kept around the trial vigil on nov seventh police barlinnie dispersed the peaceful rally hundreds of demonstrators were injured please take us i police beat up people lying on the ground with battens.

the only remaining independent t.v. channel showed these events in tbilisi to a nationwide audience it was late shutdown while it was on the air with a regular news bulletin. did the madam of the demon by closing the channel the government is violating the constitution this means that this is a dictatorship regime ots misdemeanors here they are coming into the studio i want to say thank you i hear shouts in the control room overture and i hope our employees won't be injured here are our guests. the independent journalist of the time coma he day became popular in georgia in the mid one nine hundred ninety s. he enjoys also king unpleasant questions no matter who is in power he says now in hiding in switzerland his latest piece of investigative journalism concerns the conflict between georgia and south the city in two thousand and eight. on this one

the owner of no journalist who would not have wanted to go to scandal to get the facts. but all the state media summed up my work there is high treason. the self-proclaimed republic of south hasn't been under georgia's direct rule since nine hundred ninety two. really repeated many times the republic had to return to georgia and he promised to settle the situation through diplomacy. to disarm we don't need a war and their pals in an ascension people don't need one either there is a force that wants the defeat of the georgian and up has in a city and people are i promise they won't let it happen. but in the early hours of august the altering repeated showed symbolic from georgian territory in the morning troops were sent into the republic. it was the

start of the military operation described by saakashvili of the introduction of constitutional order in the turret tree south of setia. i was woken up by a lot of noise everything was for. that shaking women outside was screaming and crying and it was as if all of us had landed in hell after a volcanic eruption and everybody stayed awake throughout the night the noise never died down not even for a second. color man. lives in an old house on the outskirts of the village of got a cooler fifteen kilometers from the border with south of setia he is not interested in politics and doesn't know the first thing about international relations but artists from around the world flocked to his home to display their works one of the projects was called liquid it was to have been implemented jointly

with russian artists in late september two thousand and eight. the georgian word for this place is near it is in places like this that georgians traditionally make wine will not assert different nationalities are going to contribute to georgian traditions they will get in to press grapes with their feet just as it was done in the old days a year later we will get a jointly made product a wine brand called liquid aunt. in the spring of two thousand and eight karen man began building a pavilion for the exhibition he was still constructing it in august when another war broke out between south to set here in georgia. i went on building the pavilion during the war fighting was going on right behind the mountain fifteen kilometers from here i saw the flashes and heard the bombings i also saw helicopters up in the air.

hostilities came to an end knowing days later when russia sent troops into south a setia to separate the warring parties georgia subsequently broke off diplomatic relations with russia. when invest ten kemah he was working on a film about the georgian city and conflict he made arrangements for an interview with the european human rights campaign is to be held in geneva shortly before he was due to go the journalist received a tip off that he had better stay in switzerland. all sorts of problems cropped up after my return from senegal because i wouldn't talk about them because my words might get in the way of the investigation. i can only tell you that i received open

threats and heard something so humiliating that i contributed. no income a he'd say lives in a swiss hostel for political refugees friends keep him abreast of events by phone. i hear you going to switzerland. of the go to tell me that's right in october by that time you must complete all formalities concerning immigration chances are i myself will return home by then that there is a regime change. did you say regime change yes why not that's a possibility. we hope so. vegetating and so is us who body have been friends ever since they went to school together when parliament appointed to the post of he gave his friend a job in his office when his first term of office came to an end parliament annoyed him a second term now the journalist is in hiding in

a foreign country the ex is unemployed would be a qualified praise the authorities i would have been elected. they would even have changed the law to let me for ten times. in the last presidential election live and it was officially the runner up his party's headquarters supplied the oh a c e commission with evidence documenting schools a regularities some of the made public in the commission's conclusions but the final report ultimately described the election as valid. is a famous georgian musician in protest against the regime he decided to barricade himself in a television studio made up to look like a prison cell for several months he stayed in the room with four t.v.

cameras tracking his every move. today georgia means prison all of georgia is a prison but the georgian people made a mistake by electing what i call an illegitimate. politician sportsman and artists all visited his cell to support the musician. heads the leading opposition party he visited his brother three times during his self-imposed imprisonment. how are you so so what are you i get loads of letters to pass a full of them already the guys are nuts they've made the same town to me. is one man prison show began of the eleven pm and last until morning the following day the whole country would discuss what had been said during the night after two months of self confinement you only get such a lot they took time out for

a public appearance at the b.b.c. stadium leaving a cage in the midst of the show was a strikingly symbolic act the people who had filled the stadium and adjacent roads turned guilty could try to lead to show into what amounted to a protest rally. and they put a month two thousand and nine leaders of all opposition parties as their followers to take to the streets in tbilisi. just felt get out second street get out saakashvili get down gets out move you know it all position has never said saakashvili is our president we call him a de facto rather than does your president. today the former participants in the rallies for georgia's independence have united into a party. that our aim is to create a party that is without parallel and georgian history it should be

a party based on genuine national values shared by most people in our country. the leader of the new party is live. a former magnus in the wine industry he has the support of. really the architect of the country's leading television company and george's last ambassador to russia the party's third leader is a historian who has won the nation's affection as an honest woman. of georgia's rulers in recent years have been so different the one would be hard put to say which of them is fully to blame for the present day situation there are no independent courts of law democratic institutions are not allowed to develop and the country's people are intimidated in the autumn of two thousand and eight a group of friends met in old warehouses turned into studios in moscow they were artists who are keen to participate in an international project that was to take place in the home of. the will this is

a remarkably exquisite european style project but i think we need to make slight changes to emphasize a note of sorrow in it merry making is out of place after what happened you don't do that at a funeral the funeral still goes on. the russian artists didn't visit their georgian friends in either two thousand and eight or later they have decided against going to georgia for the time be for they do not fall in politics they believe that in their beautiful country of long traditions funerals will give way to weddings and the street protests will be else to buy projects concerts and theatre festivals.