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we revisit. to assess its post soviet existence after a year that seen violent ethnic conflicts and revolution a special report next. kurdistan the central asian country and former soviet republic. in the space of just five years this state has gone through two revolutions the country is divided into two parts both by the mountains and by the unresolved conflict between the developed north and i call cultural south. can kurdistan overcome its political and ethnic standoff there be a repetition of spontaneous riots involving a mass loss of life. and

. tucked away in the mountains one hundred fifty kilometers from the capital bishkek is a village of actos at best only six hundred villagers are left here now. but when kurdistan was part of the soviet union people from all over the republic were eager to come here. with the word that these are mine do not use the or was taken from them in the open pit heavy duty bella's trucks are brought in from there as you can see the roads are still here in soviet times they produce three hundred tons a day at that time all arcturus villagers work here but even that was not enough so they brought workers from other places you what they were able to the head of administration is showing the former pride of the village the factory producing uranium ore. from the open pit was brought here it was

processed and sent to the laboratory for further tests that. decay in the first months after kurdistan secession from the soviet union extracting the hazardous was no longer worthwhile as there were no buyers most of the villages inhabitants left it within a few years those who stayed behind had to learn to survive amidst high radiation levels and rampant unemployment. this is the sort of fred issues that we grew. a tiny patch of land one back from the mountains a few sheep and two cows that's all that the only russian family left in the village has to survive on. sankoh and her husband worked at the factory until one thousand nine hundred two. only by the situation in which. this is very very set. the factory

was shut down in one thousand nine hundred two. many other factories inherited by the young state from the soviet union suffered the same fate. former soviet republic independence on august thirty first one thousand nine hundred one the country's population is five million. account for seventy percent of the total. who mostly live in the countries make up eighteen percent while russians account for eighty percent the country's capital is bishkek. president from one nine hundred ninety to two thousand and five. in march two thousand and five he was deposed during the so-called. from two thousand and five to two thousand and ten. was head of state. vents on april seventh two thousand and ten. sharpshooters firing from here they stood upright sticking out their heads they were there and they're everywhere. among the thousands who

took to the streets. on a full seven two thousand and ten. those events were later dubbed the second card is revolution on that day demonstrators only wanted the authorities to heed their grievances their response was gunfire ah live louis. here's a shot at us and bush does back i saw i could did falling to the ground right here his leg was bleeding i covered him with my body if you need to kill somebody kill me he's not guilty plea. at all the protesters demanded the resignation of the country's leaders especially president kurmanbek bakiyev lui . the irony of the situation was that five years before by kiev came to power in the wake of a similar uprising i. was. that

. revolution was the name given to the events when the first harvest president ask was stripped of power in two thousand and five this flower is one of the country's symbols. i. there were no fountains here back then but the square was absolutely flooded with people at the time. about twenty five thousand i think. we joined the crowd as it headed for the white house name. alexander even though for members the great enthusiasm but engulfed people gathered in bishkek central square in two thousand and five. after a enforcements from the south came demonstrators broke into the presidential palace in bishkek. understood but when we realized that the house of cards was falling apart with the dozen sparred us with the hope that the president would step down.

but everybody was in a state of euphoria. when president left the country. came to power. your phoria that characterized the chill of revolutionaries began evaporating only a year later when the new president chose to pursue the same policies that eventually toppled his predecessor. top government posts to relatives and friends. in two thousand five hundred even though it was a by kiev supporter in april two thousand and ten he joined street protesters once again. at that moment i already knew the situation and i said to myself this regime will be toppled to get them or they will simply be torn to pieces. and i think it's a natural epilogue for presidency and then you know it's a typical ending for a government which came to violently after the cools the in general

color revolutions were performed by the same script will support from the rose revolution in georgia the orange revolution in ukraine. in. that in the last one was virtually transformed into a coup. meanwhile cargo planes were landing on the runway of the russian air base of cancer twenty kilometers from bishkek they were carrying russian reinforcements to the troubled republic the airborne battalion was sent to defend the base in case of danger. that hit that. our job is to protect installations which are situated in his

territory. notably the county airbase affiliated facilities as well as russian citizens living here. up here. as a matter of fact russian military personnel had no problems in connection with the april lights. within the town of cancer it was a special situation here. as far as i knew there were no plans to oppose the base and indeed there's no activity against it with. the us air base serves as the air mobility support operations in afghanistan but perhaps just as important to those that are assigned here cultivating good melissa says with the local people this trailer is taken from the website of a us air base which is situated close to count strengthen the bonds it shares

a runway with minus international airport u.s. servicemen claim they get along well with the locals. the fact is however that villagers nearby are not as friendly as the americans claim they are plagued by the constant roar of cargo planes taking off several times a day. yet. there is an airport near here most of the planes flying some distance away but quite a few come here too and first lots of them flew around here people started complaining they turned it down a bit even so airplanes come and go around the clock. relations between locals and the us military went downhill after a tragic incident between private fields and a fuel serviceman truck driver. alexander even off was shot and killed by the private. owner that day his colleagues came to me and said alexandre was shot dead

by an american soldier what shot dead how come we don't know. it is still unclear why the private behave the way he did according to hatfield he fired in self-defense because he claimed he attacked him with a knife however several pieces of evidence do not corroborate that theory. given that alexander was one hundred eighty centimeters tall and had filled one hundred sixty four and this metal chair had a bullet hole in the back we were told that the bullets went from top to bottom which simply proves that alexander was such a deal. compared to if he did public demands that the u.s. base be closed but man us is a crucial strategic hub for supplying coalition troops in afghanistan. the issue of the american presence became a bare faced bargaining chip in talks between the government and the us state department as such u.s. cargo planes continue to take off from curtis territory.

those crooks should have been brought to justice instead of the contest elections we the young people of the cookies republic have been under the yoke of corrupt regimes for years we have fed up with the continuing cycle of deceit we have taken part in the latest revolution to topple the criminal regime. and pay for it you know blood. in two thousand and ten rallies in central bishkek became just as routine as the changing of the guards kurdistan's political life gathered strength following the second revolution it took scores of political parties only a few months to emerge on the political scene in order to contest parliamentary seats. the prospect of new elections inspired both hope and anxiety it was obvious to many that those who lost might stir up the people to take to the streets again that would mean another revolution and a new wave of violence. wealthy

british style. markets why not. find out what's really happening to the global economy with max cons or for a no holds barred look at the global financial headlines tune into kinds a report on r g. the close up team has been to the republic of north a city where half the area is occupied by nature preserve. this time our team goes to the region where men flock from all over the world to add

a few centimeters to their self-confidence where young families are not hesitant about having a senior citizen in their family and where one man's utopia turns into a real village of the shining sun welcome to the cool gun region russia blows up on our. it is four thousand two hundred meters above sea level. two hundred kilometers from here. comes. this is the site of kurdistan most successful industrial. giant trucks bring tons of open pit several hundred meters deep.

this giant caterpillar can carry one hundred. we now have. a medium sized dump trucks. you know you can see some of the big ones. thousands of tons of rock will go through treatment process to several kilograms of enriched or. go to the most important place in the factory the smelting furnace. will be extracted from the. agents are added to it. and then it goes into this where the temperature is one thousand five hundred degrees celsius. the gold is melted into a half to three hours. every two days. today will produce four bars weighing about one thousand five hundred ounces all together. belongs to

a canadian firm for that reason the production western standards every single piece of equipment and even the workers clothes have been imported from canada. the staff enjoys high safety standards and is well paid many others would like to be employed here the enterprise is one of the largest sources of taxes for the country's national budget the. factories managers have no interest in revolutions and elections taking down and they are confident that they will be able to come to terms with any regime. we have good cooperation is government good cooperation. people. work. and able to. contribute. budgeting heard mr. gold production accounts for forty percent of the country's industry but kurdistan is still largely allen grammarian country nearly half of its population is employed and i could culture industry at best accounts

for sixteen percent of the country's g.d.p. in the first six years of independence the gross domestic products dropped by half the country's external debt is around four billion dollars money sent by migrants working abroad is one of the main sources of revenue. like the comptroller corey this tiny enterprise lives all foreign investment but of a different kind in the past tourists were only too willing to buy locally produced carpets scarves and felt caps the items made by the small factory are quite costly because they are handmade. we pressed felt three times by hand to make it hard enough. we use dyed felt to make headgear. is handmade because we want to make sure that it resists where in time.

before the april revolution the craftsmen had pinned their hopes on an influx of foreigners in the hope of amassing a handsome profit but the uprising did a lot of harm to their business and tourists stayed away from the troubled republic . of them got. just frankly this year selling gold goods made of felt was a very tough job. on april the second. we have to miss them switzerland. nearly every hour they received calls from the embassy telling them to stay at home . in october people expected a repetition of the disturbances that had taken place in april in the run up to elections the streets of major cities and small villages alike were plastered with political propaganda posters back in the summer about one hundred political parties fight for seats in parliament but in the end only thirty parties were allowed to take part in the elections before the polls got underway they had been seen as

a crucial event with far reaching ramifications for the nation they were to pave the way for a constitutional reform marking the transition from a presidential republic to a parliamentary republic. we will work in a serious and responsible spirit. to make sure that the parliamentary elections do take place and are held in a peaceful atmosphere in conformity with the election. of the republic. contrary to expectations the election passed off in a cam atmosphere but when the votes were counted it became obvious that the pendulum of politics had swayed again. the election would be won by the party consisting of supporters of ex president who was deposed in april. leaders should stick their political ambitions up you know what and get down to economic matters. because we have

a deficit of nearly fifty percent of the total budget people all across the soviet union used to say that kyrgyzstan was and. they described people as democratically mindedly. was one of those who helped bring about the april revolution she attended rallies outside the guy. building for three days in a row the protesters say they will not allow a counter revolution to happen that's how the people who deposed by kiev have dubbed the electoral victory of the at a short party are know they were stolen by the others your party those who are and fair elections. this is the kurdish version of a question polo but carcass of a gold is the ball in this traditional game them of both teams to kick the goat carcass into the goal him back captain of the local team is a promising player but in april he took part in

a far more fascinating competition involving a mass of people at that time he and friends went to bishkek to topple president by kiev him back maintains that curtis politics and his favorite game have a lot in common. but. this game is like politics to the two teams chase a goat it's almost like chasing power in bishkek it's the political technique of the game. local politics is based on a tense standoff between industrial regions in the country's north and impoverished agrarian regions in the south they represent two teams trying to seize power from each other. first cargoes president ask archaia comes from the north he was toppled by the south's common back because of. a close knit community they helped one another as best they can. to keep. and sack locals living in the north. does. help each other.

before but kiev came to power girl and had served in the local police for a long time he was born in bishkek when bakiev became president and was replaced with someone from the south now makes a living as a postman this time he is leaving bishkek for the place he dislikes most of all the country southern capital of all. neighborhoods and looted shops serve as a reminder of a vicious conflict the ethnic standoff between card is and backs. the border between kurdistan and the specs stan was drawn in soviet times it didn't

matter that a dense population was part of the republic after all it was part of a single country the soviet union. interethnic violence erupted following the collapse of the u.s.s.r. . one of the bloodiest confrontations began in the early hours of june eleventh two thousand and ten and lasted for nearly five days. the city of instantly fell into two camps people wrote their identities on the walls of their houses to indicate to the tenant was. there were signs on some of them but help never arrived the city's administration was powerless throughout the riots neighborhoods were ruined out. vito's in your house my daughter her husband and i have not even had the opportunity to

make ourselves a tome fair when it was burned down where we left out in the cold. nobody knows how many people died in the june confrontation official figures put the death toll at more than three hundred and speak of nearly a thousand injured however locals are sure that the figures are several times higher meet god then you have been never separated keurig is an backs we're all muslims. don't be afraid don't they have parents mothers fathers. what do they want. this is. second attempt to build a house back in may he took pride in showing off his two storey homestead to neighbors it had taken him three years to build it in the wake of the june chaos only the foundations remained but how big is in no mood for despair he receives breaks from charities little by little construction work goes on. if we abandon our

homes and go somewhere where will our homes be and what's the point of going anywhere this is our land our ancestors lived here no we aren't going anywhere we are going to build homes and live here. the house is unlikely to be completed anytime soon for now refugees live in tent camps. there is no running water it has to be taken from a well cooking has to be done inside the tent the only way to warm a home is with a fire or electric stove there are several such places and a small memorial wall stands in the center of each one where pictures of the dead are posted do not claim you this man his name is john said he served as an weighs in in a mosque when old it happened had rumors saying the mosque had been set and fine when i came there i saw that he was dead. had been trying to defend the mosque as you heard. her.

this is the sixteenth century mosque which is the most remarkable site in. so far it's the only symbol of possible reconciliation in this divided country. locals encourages coming from the north pray together here they are joined by those blacks who share the same faith. and. the head of administration of the dying village of actors could have moved to the capital a long time ago his relatives live there and bishkek both a higher standard of living yet he stays in his native village but felt soley because of patriotism believes that actors will once again become as prosperous as a was in soviet times and many in kurdistan look to the country's future with optimism. you know somebody will get down to work here sooner or later and it will

go on and our life will take its course and the village will will be restored. i.