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. most of the carbon that we buy from across the us is millions of years old coal particularly interesting because. you know the energy generated coal actually it may be the cheapest fuel but it also releases the most carbon to be atmosphere as carbon dioxide beginning in earnest with the development of the steam engine in the late seventy's and early eighty's humans began to hide and extract fossil carbon from the earth's crust coal oil natural gas even to be absence of humans over some time period it would be up with the didn't subject to erosion and removeable would return to the atmosphere but those rates are tiny compared to the ability of humans to go out with large

machines to deliver a large quantities of this material to the surface of the earth where it is burden for generation of better g's. we have larger quitman that was introduced on surface lines about twenty five years ago here in washington which accounted for the the ability to recover coal seams that heretofore have been on my nickel the use of drag life style while the mining seems that work and economic. and even physically impossible. without the use of that. many people twenty five years ago when the first company said the right to brag like they were laughed at and they said there's no way in the world you think you can get a piece of equipment like that on the narrow ridges of southern appalachia and they were determined through engineering abilities and persistence to make certain that

it worked and and it hails. from. the command cliff. when things are going. to. be. easy thing. to believe in something. and then. be seen lerma saying the.

great think maybe it won't kill our children were reported to have done from the mccartney family currently. did you ask the people to come and. i guess be able to cover it from every call ever either parent comes from the plant to come here or say our church to straighten out your lower. half of my. family. going to. sleep.

after the flight down much easier to get. leads to keeping our victim needs community savvy and dismantling it. once these lessons are gone there is no more afterlife there is no war west virginia it don't grow back. it's not going to come back i mean you know we had a politician get up on table long ago he said well the reason against saying it's being extinct poor. or about this thousand acre. site that's nothing but solid rock now the process of mountaintop removal coal mining is an awesome display of coal extraction engineering it is also quite similar once the site isn't in a fire clear coating begins next explosives are used to blast away the earth and period polson. then machinery including massive shovels called drag lines

rufio river which is then deposited in adjacent valleys called valley fills mountaintop removal coal mining can bring down the elevation of a peak hundreds of feet sites are often thousands of acres in size but i think it's our legs actually rather than plattsburgh and really. in the spring of two thousand and five a group of activists college students and local citizen conservation groups joined together to oppose the widespread increase in mountaintop removal mines throughout southern appalachian training a group called their campaign mountain just a summer there was going to be part of this renewal of coal mining to see and some of those models were going to be you know mountaintop removal mines. you know we were like hey this is you know now we're dealing with this issue too it's not just an issue in kentucky and west virginia like hey let's put something together and kind of up the level of opposition to this issue let's help make this issue

a national issue that everybody has to deal to. see what they're doing. since some ways they're dividing our community. i've got nothing against free speech but when you come in here demanded people's jobs and closure schools dale. and i and all that you're lucky you don't get hurt hurt but. if somebody is in california or north carolina or new york city they're connected to mountaintop removal because they're turning on the lights they're opening strategy was to draw attention to a school situated close to a mountaintop removal site in marsh fork west virginia. c'mon is owned by massey energy america's fourth largest coal producer marsh fork elementary is a very very scary situation they have two point eight billion gallons of khowst

slurry which is why it's toxic it's toxic material it has arsenic layer chromium and there's a lot of really really bad chemicals in this sludge there is a lake of it's two point eight billion gallons of costarring sitting behind this elementary school four hundred yards on top of a mile. there's two hundred twenty eight kids in the school. the sophistication of engineering that goes into the construction of the islands is i suspect not duplicated in any other physical structure anywhere in in the world in one nine hundred seventy two buffalo creek there was this disaster where one of these impoundments basically blew out millions of gallons of this nasty sludge and water went barreling down a small holler and killed one hundred twenty five people destroyed that four thousand houses a thousand cars you know hundreds of people were injured. besides

the danger of flooding while you know the residents are concerned about the health effects posed to schoolchildren from the cold processing facility located directly behind marsh elementary so it sits three hundred feet away three hundred people or you wait for a major six directly coffee river and you've got seriously a little problem that we've got the magnetite we've got to walk you've got the ammonia that they use is bad. they you know diesel fuel when they're right next always there to get other you've got bad hair day all the time you got i asked him are problems occur more more down or. play along ok it's. with that i often work in a lot of people look like all the time it was draining all the time the kids were coming home with blisters on their mile little tiny blisters the size of

opinionated all in their mouth. but not everyone shares their concerns in the small community where many residents work for the coal industry that surrounds them and how i think countable and i was scared i would not let her go there and she will be in first grade she was in kindergarten last year played on the playground three town for they and more like collard clothes and like a flash never came home helping dirty with powder or you know any big mess and i have made a call right first to prove that she has not had anything other than a common cold up like any other kid you not a child. we. have. been. frustrated local school and government officials you know action on anything safety at marsh fork elementary one of those whose granddaughter kayla attends marsport elementary launches the pennies of promise campaign to raise six million dollars to

build a new school and so with us here. is that. the side they're going to take your mental. health money down. and let's see one of the older kids. because i like. to start the pennies or promise campaign wiley and his granddaughter kayla present the governor with over four hundred dollars in pennies even orders have collected. we want to see the governor we have some money to persuade him. and so the story of the. step kids everywhere how you are doing michael good to see you we have a young lady here from marsh fork elementary like her you are so great so this which. i can see. people going to study after

school some of them well you just said. it's. ok to have a little get what you. this is our campaign ok. now we're let me just say you know cause i know we worked on this some we talked about it the force of the school yes sir that's were we out with a local board of education who is it start all over sure they smack up a whole lot we're not going to get them off you took us for norths to protect away from what's we're going to use it women has it would fill in for you today ok you know what we're not going to do what we've been doing you put a price on our children's heads when you store this little flirtation in our state he put a price this is not an environmental issue this is a little human being i have tried for two years to work with you on this and i've been ignored and i don't mean to put you in

a soft spot here sir but enough is enough enough it's enough we need to get this took care of your business what these coal companies it is europe is on your politics this is not about politics we're asking people for money all of this country today's artificial announcement of a so it's just it's just in the stages we're going to raise five to ten million dollars it's going to happen we want you to be a part of this we want you to support our efforts we want to help you you were better jobs and i appreciate i don't mean to be upset and aggressive but if this was your child would you not be well you know there's no you know adams and she's beautiful so what we've seen we care about our children down there and there are serious problems with a lot of issues and i know you're aware of there's intimidation going on here a lot of intimidation a teacher that spoke out last year now he's been talking for so. what are you going to help everything in my car that i want to. do everything in my guy's got that we got a. journalist jeff goodell is book big coal the dirty secret behind america's energy

future explores the history and use of coal in america and throughout the world like many americans i didn't even realize that we still burn coal you know i thought coal was something i went out with top hats and corsets i thought that electricity was just something that flowed down from a golden bowl in the sky i never gave any thought to where it came from the idea that coal produces fifty percent of electricity in america it never occurred to me so i went out to west virginia and i didn't know what to expect i remember i first knew i was driving outside of charleston and i saw the boom on one of the big drag lines swinging above the hills and i pulled off the road and i hiked up through the woods to the top of this hill and i got this view down into this group and it was just like hell had opened up before me. the money in the coal mining has always gone to the top and been siphoned out by through the owners essentially whether their corporations are called barons like on blankenship it's

a commodity business every penny they have to spend for safety for wages for health care or anything like that is money that they see coming directly out of their pocket and you know the history of coal mining is very clear on this there's no this is not a subtle thing you know this is an industry that views workers as disposable and views the landscape as disposable and it's all about getting the coal out of the ground is quickly replaced. i. owe it tolls. on and love disco with you bottom yourself like. and if you start down into madness you had to have those tools and they let you get them own created company still. for about three presses but it is what lawyer coca

leaves said company stores they harvey you lived in your kochi if you were to be in need of your kitchen some i also store. and one of the others all matters that are still owed the company store you can pay just won't play him while. he had company money scrip and will close it wasn't it was company store as i got an updated script gets more and more today it was. all right. you show them to help me though you could make more two dollars. right heres eric a trick question so use will to tell the chick to. give you hand polies stamp you number of what you got your car loaded with coal somewhere on this car you and i when we checked it had be a mule driver look times i'd be go on board. in one state school he would pull you pick oh and here drop it all off unhook each meal from it come to the full.

right now it really easy to loud rock him with your code and we show you why you got a water tight in a slot. a little more drip in your career bud writer. and doesn't smear what is good but it works pretty good. problem on all sides. you look at the history of our area faithfully they was big communities the other day with great ring think companies still worth everything the paper. company house down that river off the thing and set their. or school for get there because there's no knowing all with the words were close and nothing's coming back these are other people with this coal company in their tie can. never put nothing it's all going to go there will be worth reviewing

you're broke and going to go on there were. five years. in top removal site moved into the head waters of the stream that runs from home in the past five years i've been flooded seven times there's been about five acres of my property it's washed away into the stream down below where i live. my properties been completely devastated devalued there's no way i could say one relocate my property it's worthless at the mine company had the option of getting in touch with me and let me know what was coming at me and they'd be they trapped me and my kids the flooding hollow and basically trashed our lives now when someone does that to you you don't go along

with it you have no choice but to go against i don't fall into it i live in the middle of this. because it's ok it's ok that maybe he'll be away from southern west virginia which is the middle of this scale so if i ask my son. roan. i don't know nobody knows than i don't own these million jobs i own john and it's like thank god there are gender day and wrong across appalachians coal fields mining jobs are vital to local economies my husband forthwith and i think for. a going on here sales. we really appreciate message that's where we get our money that you know our way of living but traditional deep mining requires more workers and mountaintop removal since nine hundred fifty the total number of mining jobs

has steadily decreased from approximately one hundred twenty thousand to less than twenty thousand today over the same period coal production has steadily increased many coalfield residents are also concerned about another byproduct of coal production slurry pons. the slurry impalements the way that we dispose of the refuge that comes from the cleaning of coal. which is literally nothing but dirt and rock coming once we're here of separating from the coal so that's what you're disposing of it's not toxic it's not you know as people many people would like you to believe that it was something only it's the indigenous dirt rock that is caught up in the coal seam and that natural material includes mercury lead arsenic and a whole suite of heavy metals which as long as they're in that rock you can drink the water because they'll be underground they'll be they will not be exposed to

oxygen but if you don't disturb them they will not be brought into solution and you can literally some of the best water we have in west virginia comes out of a cold thing but when you disturb that rock and start grinding it up into fine particles adding a whole bunch of chemical additives to it to get it to separate the coal from the other inorganic materials then you come up with this weeks of brew material that you would want any exposure to it all we know almost nothing about it i've got a database now has fourteen samples worldwide of coal slurry that are in the public domain six of these are from the post martin county you know the biggest environmental disaster in the southeastern united states six samples representing what that material that entered our rivers and streams really is which i find rather prosperous three hundred nine million gallons taking over fifty miles of a major river system a spill bigger than the exxon valdez we took six samples the occurrence that

happened in kentucky. was simply one where you had one built over old. underground ones and they gave way in the bottom and that's what happened with the structure itself to. go county west virginia within sight of massey energy c.e.o. don blankenship soem carmelita brown has been battling proclaimed want to. why some years ago. our not our water turned black backed sprite and asked our to hollering and screaming to my husband got up and asked and asked me what was wrong he can and he said when he meant that he said i want god he said that's how sorry. we went and looked at fifteen wells. said the samples off to the laboratory got the testing results back in some analysis on those results and it was pretty compelling that we needed to do more

research down there i had never seen water quality that poor. pretty good compared to what it was this morning these documents from the west virginia department of natural resources researched by mountain just a summer volunteers are permits for coal slurry injections that took place in the early one nine hundred eighty s. cut the slurry impoundment located approximately two miles above carmelita brown's own. this permit shows that over two hundred million gallons of slurry was injected in nineteen eighty-four in one thousand nine hundred five this permit describes three injections in one thousand nine hundred four into an abandoned underground mine at the rate of six hundred gallons per minute the basis for. injecting. coal slurry and other things other wastes underground as an e.p.a. one thousand nine hundred eighty sed study called underground injection control

well that's the oxymoron of the century underground injection control and what control do we have when we inject something underground i have no idea where it goes these. lasting energy with the pullout from our fourth armory where i grew up or what i have all the story towards you know who is responsible for the town i got the paperwork we know that calories are responsible for the clean up of the story. tell me the other guy really nobody wanted to help us nobody want nobody was concerned and it wasn't only maybe it was oh my neighbors that down this road both patients that i see for all have significant medical problems that other people don't have. a greater number of people with all timers disease and old timers disease memory loss i've seen a great number of people who have numbness and tingling of their arms and legs which indicates a heavy metal. humilation seen

a fair amount of. ill health my next door neighbors on a kidney dialysis another neighbor a man as is has lost kidney had it had to have a kidney transplant i have problems with my kidneys the timea water exposes and too many types of metals cadmium among others the cause kidney damage. now several people not necessary has lost babies i have carried him six months and have my be stillborn. sure is that so much i can tell you that you believe most of us were trying. to read remember you couldn't stick your girl some for needs protection for the peacekeepers to protect civilians during the bosnian conflict field and there.