welcome back you're watching our t.v. here is a look at the top stories media mogul rupert murdoch is on the offensive claiming news corp made only minor mistakes even as the f.b.i. moves in over the possible phone hacking of nine eleven victims. and the e.u. scrambles to cut spending as a debt hole sweeping the law fred instancing italy it's the greatest task yet for of the leadership stafford's to keep the currency alive. america's toothpaste

torture tactics rising uproar over the u.s. training and exporting brutal interrogators while preaching human rights to the rest of the world. next hour a special report on those who have seen the chain dangerous of nuclear weapons firsthand and are taking it upon themselves to open the world's eyes. the follow from the french test went beyond the polynesian islands it caused outrage in new zealand which took the lead in the end when you clear movement and became a black sheep among western countries yes unlike any other country new zealand refused to rely on nuclear weapons for its security but here nuclear technology is banned it's the law. i think a lot of the young people do feel proud about new zealand especially for policy but i think people have come complacent and feel that it's far more safe there are these other she said i mean a lot of people to say the people in the peace movement has had beaten out of me

gray beards resounds and that's what people say like. even in new zealand it's difficult to find young people concerned about this issue they are more sensitive to the melting of the antarctic and he wants to revitalize the ageing pacifist movement and i'm working at peace for nation and my role is to use outreach coordinator. in the race and they are going to tie he see to it the pacific youth fist of all and facing all these amazing people from twenty seven different countries in the pacific and i felt for the first time in my life that musial was not remarked and that we were big compared to. some of the things out the pacific garden country. i was brought up on a higher the peace activist mother she's been around during peace activist last thirty years so it's in my blood and i feel of spots for the city to continue that

where. i have just a memory of mum eyeing a crane place sticker that you put on it when the news of the rainbow warrior and the face of terrorism could somehow harbor on a bike that was on a peaceful mission really sort of show clients here living in a safe come. i think it's the younger generation that teaching the next generation a legacy of hope really saying that we have given young people especially on our. street he is it's we passed the rule and we want a young people's now that they're all because any was only four when the law was passed. and the old times and so i could see if it's interesting i swear there's. nothing in there is. what. i feel is. that they were. this. thing here that is also.

listening to stories of people about mum and peacemakers and israel and what they've done gives me hope and i think that i've seen what ordinary citizens can do like a difference and i feel there are going. to prevent the young people from feeling a sense of powerlessness the pacifists remind them of the long crusade it made their country nuclear free under guard or can feel. it can feel the pride in me that we have governments and politicians prepared to go on those votes to go out there and it's a protest i mean it was something we did as ordinary citizens working with governments you've got a partnership model here that is an unusual i think right around the world. to notice it took another twelve years to get along a government that actually ran on a clear ticket and won. and then it was consolidated by the stupidity of the

french in thinking but they would somehow stop this problem. but doubling the road warrior what it did instead was absolutely cemented hope. and it's important to remember that the british and australia on aboriginal lamed for that that came from near actually came over to new zealand not just from what was happening by the french and to heal. the british preceded the french in the pacific beginning in one thousand fifty two they tested their way into the very restricted. by the u.s.s.r. . with the assistance of the australian and new zealand military. to speech and study. the result still and started the presence of elevated crime and disturbances . veterans in the fifty years ago so that by simply saying i have suffered today. we spoke recently as

a national conference here arms. of one of the greatest victory. spycatcher father was too old to speak and she talked about growing up what that fear of having i tried for whom and even when you see a man because of the effects of radiation from. exposed to nuclear to some of the suspects. and i'm like you. i have three children. and i don't live with a fixer. i wish through was normal until my so i got disco and sit on the mess. so it would appear. and most of the kids would sigh i'm up as it takes. and then i'll say i am on my trust. because that's how i understood.

prop plane as an example command her now working at some mental security center. back in the one nine hundred seventy s. when i was in mt submarine helicopters i was required to train my air crew in using this nuclear depth bomb which we were given. if we ever had to release it that true helicopter we could not escape before it doesn't miss it and so it was a suicide mission i asked a few questions i was reassured that we probably would never really have to use it it shocked me but i was ambitious no one else was complaining and we were told that this is the only way that britain could keep independence i realize that. i mean later many years later that. this was completely untrue. as

a new convert against nuclear weapons i was looked upon with great score by the. peace movement in britain i tried to explain that i was not a psychopath my friends we are psychopaths and we are professional military men. who thought very deeply about what we did but i did agree with them the nuclear weapon aspect was an aberration. and playing on the phone he had a crunch and to do something about these i can't imagine going around it's. like a scam it's him and i see him so that now so passionate about what he does that it's just. signal to rob well it's the ultimate cautionary tale but what do they say it's nothing like that. they're always tend to overdo it because you really

understand you know which is. screen pros to the pentagon and others will say don't worry we have everyone well trained we have plenty of safety systems there cannot be a accidental start of a nuclear war but nuclear weapons are built to be used the risk is not zero that something might be going off by mistake specially whether thousand nuclear weapons on hair trigger alert in the u.s. and in russia the united states have dropped i think it's eleven atomic bombs accidentally. we drop four off of stay we have dropped one nuclear weapon in a marsh here in the united states and that one is still there or was never found the nuclear nuclear weapons are such a huge issue with such high risks associated with on that there's a natural tendency to play both sides. away they say they're coming back but at the

same time they maintain extremely high numbers of weapons. given the number of near misses we are lucky to still be here the activists are convinced that an accident is pending ok and that the only valid security system is the total abolition of nuclear weapons and ninety six when we began to swoop tightly constrained if you say i'm going to carry a nuclear weapons and we go in everywhere else in the world could do it by going to the world quote we could get the conscience of the ordinary citizen around the world saying these are against the moral conscience of people it's illegal to use nuclear weapon tomorrow and the dream was that it would be easy to get it through the u.n. and into the world court and that eventually these weapons would be think legally as we have done in our own country and thank goodness that we were dreamers and i'm

realistic and. that we were posted by the sense of hope that this could happen by the real sources of international law apart from treaties customary international law and the general principles of law recognised by the legal systems of the world . that by categorical the batting of nuclear weapons and the legality of nuclear weapons the fact that nuclear weapons cannot be used either by way of a strike or by the ostrich unity mostly a threat or use of force. by means of nuclear weapons and that these contrary to article credit of all of the united nations charter and article fifty one. is unlawful. nucular deter and says we have nuclear weapons but our goal is not to use them if need. our

goal is to have them at our disposal. this means that we are not in the realm of the real we are in the realm of the virtual need don't know what you're writing it is contrary to international law even to have in one's acidulous this weapon because the purpose of the weapons to use it as a threat or as an actual weapon the nuclear powers are alliances like nato still rely on nuclear deterrence which is threat and so the fight continues i was on a panel with a senior advisor to the british government about nuclear policy and he's pro nuclear. and we were debating about. the world court opinion and whether nuclear deterrence was legal and he was extremely cynical he said that . it was a mistake to go into court but governments will ignore it and that's true they have

. and the other thing he relied on all the time was he said and of course we never actually will have to use them and this to me is the heart of the problem for the people who promote looking for terrorists is that if they try to claim a level usenets terrorist doesn't work where many would argue that terence does mean use of so it is a use when you can reprint who actually threaten to use them and it's bringing you into that will cause the first time you want to keep it straight you know and the spinning it was the south pacific noise and the activists that i did have threesome clued in their original question if you have included threats then the. nuclear states could go argue well we're only relying deterrence which is threat and so we're not going to use so i waited for him in. return from years ago to go back to the court house rules which are. at the time the judges agreed unanimously

on the requirement for total nuclear disarmament the activists are fighting ted that opinion on it. is based on. what i understand that the lewis and others wanting to do is to use the unanimous parts of the opinion and i wanted to say to news on how can we might that stronger how can we you know what are they doing that state practice that is still illegal. is that your understanding of it isn't that they're looking for some new lever to put more pressure on the liquid stage to comply and design completely not just to reduce. yes on nuclear weapons in fact it's reverse since world war sitting americans particularly come out and said that. they see new roles for nuclear weapons and so we're back to almost like a sort of cold war situation again but with the war on terror instead and so it's

going to be far more difficult to get governments to put their heads over the parapet of the nonproliferation treaty does provide a framework for ending the threat of destruction species pretty good work and the signing sign are states that maybe agree to pick good food so different from a limited nuclear weapons i'm not aware of that and of course we focus in on revolutions by others those who are like policemen on the world scene i'm talking of the nuclear powers they are violating this very law which they want other countries to observe how you are if a policeman but it's the law you cannot expect the rest of the bid to come play because of the only thing that would work would be one that has received could be nondiscriminatory and fair and equally applied to all countries one approach terrorists followed these days is you know dividing the world between

friends court and court good countries and court and court bad or rogue countries or evil doers that approach doesn't work it doesn't pay too much to remember that in the one nine hundred eighty s. garble sand in iraq was a friend of the rest. of. the intelligence agencies not the invasion of iraq would spur. proliferation and terror. for reasons these are the only deter people are safe. and nobody's going to through the united states want. to spend about as much as the rest of the world. from spending something only when you simply. going to happen. the activists are understandably anxious as a result of the nuclear posture review in this classified u.s.

military documents the security guarantees that protected countries without nuclear weapons against a nuclear offensive are cancelled a strategy of action is being adopted in addition to deterrence so the arsenals must be upgraded to make them easier to use france and britain have responded with surprising enthusiasm to this nuclear renaissance that the united kingdom is going to pretend that it needs nuclear weapons for its survival or its security who is attacking the united kingdom some have got the very strange idea that because there's terrorists in the world we need to have nuclear weapons can be used nuclear weapons against terrorists and it would that not be rather like shooting most skeeters with cannons i think the british would make a much bigger splash in the history of the world if they decided that they let the program expire we are still fighting the holy war between britain and france because when i finally cornered.

any senior british military man these days and ask him why do you need nuclear weapons they say every time it's nothing to do with security it's nothing to do with the russians it's due to the fridge we cannot allow france to be the only europe at nuclear power. and there is this fear that britain will become like music that if they're going to be free they will be of no consequence in the world . even though i do this work i constantly get overwhelmed minute discussion that we were having talking about the reality of next year we pins and three sometimes i just want to curl up and just. had enough. and lose heart but at the same time i think. something has to be done and

a fireman if there's that i can do something i want. i mean our rights generation going to out of the woods and things are pretty stupid now you know i don't know you guys a lot of people i speak to a movie i feel that their own person. and maybe also consistent names of. the song your position you can sign because and i think that belonging because you as much comes from that live sort of active projects you go on and people solidarity images from it which i don't think exists so much among young people not it. just. because it's before the invasion of iraq there were millions of people are just dying and still you know there's a million people around and i'm here because i want to water so i mean it's not necessarily it's you got to convince the public so you may or pubs are suddenly going to be afraid you are going to be here and will that mean we really doing to

our country and i think the mobilization that would occur would be huge many steps here like no one's going anywhere it is my way because it's kind of a feeling it's still be a kind of pace. to it. but i also think that i will young people of us that much interested in some of these issues but. complicit in their own ground by all of us here resentment or the made them and we don't listen to the guards the peace movement can say to humanity you know if you keep spending a trillion dollars a year on weapons of venture you're going to blow everybody up you you know people are dying from these weapons but until we actually see it people don't don't wake up to it. in two thousand and six canadian activists trying to drum up public interest in nuclear disarmament world wide military expenditures had risen to more than one trillion dollars this was a traumatic event for those who took to the streets during the cold war. the

nuclear early ninety's. probably. the largest and most effective nonviolent peaceful movement in history and successful i'm in the united states was moving towards sharp increase in offensive nuclear for hassles and it was forced to back down and right now the reagan administration was forced to adopt the rhetoric of the peace movement in order to continue with their programs of that's where the star wars comes from and we're not playing attacking anyone or just planning to eliminate nuclear weapons if you measured the peace movement by the number of people who march in one thousand nine hundred to the one million marched and central park in new york at the height of the cold war. last year there were forty thousand who marched at the review conference of the

nonproliferation treaty well the big difference the numbers through the peace corps for the most votes were going. to significantly but there was some there are very clear. political can change. the importance of nuclear proliferation and very much. aware conservatives want to surprise to discover a fifteen year old concern by the outcome of the nonproliferation treaty is name is rafael even though. i'd just like to say that you and your speeches right now certainly the first. people to. make the case. writes once i actually found out that it was on three different people who really made it clear to me speakers. and second search which.

i watched were very last stage to have a speaker all the way from new york. she is an activist disarmament educator producer your advisor and let's just keep going please give a warm welcome for kathleen. ok the effectiveness of a social movement is sometimes very surprising and hard to track but it also depends on the creativity of the of the social movements themselves and the activists involved with ideas and images and stories and that's why we sailed boats in the nuclear tests and they've kind of surmised that all the weapons used in the second world war are equivalent to his three megatons that includes the two nuclear weapons used on hiroshima and nagasaki all the bombs in the bullets. that represents all of the firepower of the second world war ok so now i'm going to give you another sound and this second sound is the equivalent firepower

of the world's nuclear arsenal today.

the only way forward that would make sense and would stop this madness rush for seeking the capability to make nuclear weapons is for those countries that have nuclear weapons to find a way to give them up and through life the security of non-nuclear means. that when i say a mad rush over the past couple of weeks five or six countries have indicated that they might be interested in developing a capability to enrich uranium australia canada ukraine kazakhstan south africa. these countries have said why should they be left behind canada is interested in the small level of the rich and very far away from a nuclear weapons capability but the technology for enrichment nonetheless is the same we sometimes for for to work as a latent proliferation you put in place all the technologies to make nuclear

weapons but you stop at a much lower level. orders today as part in all this we were thirty four but that our dedication to peacekeeping as a percentage of gross domestic product is now dropped down to lake we used to be leading the world in the battle against nuclear proliferation and we were the leading countries in the world in the battle against the weaponization of space canada has very little space in which to. make progress because. it's a number of major events or it is a nuclear alliance just like matthew based on alters clearly canadian foreign policy the best policy military policy has been changed dramatically and we canadians were big trouble in terms of birth historical commitment to peace and deserve them. everything is in place to proceed with disarmament one hundred eighty eight countries committed to disarm they sent

a shining message that goodwill could prevail but so far the governments choose to spend billions perfecting this terminal threat rather than fighting poverty or global warming. will future generations heirs to the thousands of bombs be as lucky as their parents will be live without seeing a nuclear explosion either by accident or by design maybe maybe not. but until the treaties and international law are. made upon being with.

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