this is like putting a band-aid on on a war if you've got to go to the roof and cut it out which means get rid of the state and protest this is well said but i hope at least the good of this comes out of raising awareness about why these centers of power that should exist exist in the first place the thought molineux freedom a radio dot com thanks so much for join we're going to night and that's our show things in food an adverse event to have a great weekend that of progress from washington d.c. tonight. to your social implications. called touch from the. the ultimate. minefield costs an r.s.s.

feed now in the palm of your. machine. and. the follow from the french tests went beyond the polynesian islands it caused outrage in new zealand which took the lead in the anti-nuclear movement and became a black sheep among western countries yes unlike any other country new zealand refused to rely on nuclear weapons for its security but here nuclear technology is banned it's the law i think a lot of the young people do feel proud about new zealand strangely for policy but i think people have come a bit complacent and feel that as foreign recife there are these other she says i

mean a lot of people say the people in the piece have been does have a certain odor names gravy it's the substance but that's what people say. even in new zealand it's difficult to find young people concerned about this issue they are more sensitive to the melting of the antarctic and he wants to revitalize the ageing pacifist movement and i'm working at peace foundation and my role is to use outreach coordinator. to my race and they are going to tie easy to the pacific toothpaste of all and basing all these amazing people from the twenty seven different countries in the pacific and i felt for the first time in my life that new zealand was not remote and that we were big compared to. some of the things out there was a forgotten country. i was put up in a higher place it was mother she's been around during peace activist last year she

is so it's in my blood and i feel a responsibility to continue that when. i have this funny memory of a car that you put on your window and it was of the rainbow warrior and the face of terrorism ok and now i have on a part that. peacefulness and release rich supply idea of living in a safe country i think it's the younger generation that teaching the next generation the legacy of hump really the same that we have given young people especially on actually good procedures twenty years sense we actually passed the rule we want to young people to know about the law because any was only four when the law was passed. and the old times as i see it it's just and i swear this is. nothing and that's. what. i feel is. that they were. not and this is. the same thing here that

if all we're. listening to this for is oath people not mum and peacemakers and israel and the work that they've done is me hard and i think that what i've seen what ordinary citizens can do make a difference and i feel that i can try. to prevent the young people from feeling a sense of powerlessness a pacifist remind them of the long crusade that made their country nuclear free and under neither confirm nor deny even feel the pride in me that we had governments and politicians prepared to go on those boats to go out and protest i mean it was something we did as ordinary citizens working with governments we've got a partnership model there that is unusual i think the world. notice it took another twelve years to get along in government literally ran on a nuclear ticket and won. and then it was consolidated by the stupidity of the

french in thinking but they would somehow stop this problem. but. remember warrior what it did was it will be cemented in hope. remember that the british and australia on aboriginal lamed for that that came from near actually came over to new zealand not just from what was happening by the french into even. the british preceded the french from the pacific beginning in one thousand nine hundred eighty two they tested their way to the very restricted. by the u.s.s.r. . with the assistance of the australian and new zealand military. and studied. the results demonstrated the presence of elements of common disturbances. veterans and. so they're basically saying i have suffered really damage.

recently national conference here on disarmament when the daughter of one of the patrons sprog cancer father was too old to speak and she talked about growing up with that fear of having my child own food and even using because of the effects of radiation from her exposed to nuclear to some of the stuff that. and i'm lucky. i have three children. and i don't live with the. i wish the room is normal until i until i got to school and it's just on the merits . so it would appear. and because i am up as a teacher. and out so i am on my trusts. because that's how i understand. proper

crain as an external command her now working at salman's with security center. back in the one nine hundred seventy s. when i was in mt submarine helicopters i was required to train my air crew in using as nuclear depth bomb which we were given. if we ever had to release it. from a helicopter we could not escape for it as an exit and so it was a suicide mission i asked a few questions i was reassured that we probably would never really have to use it it shocked me because i was ambitious and i would also complaining and we were told that this is the only way that britain could keep independence i realize that. only later many years later that. this was completely untrue. as

a new convert against nuclear weapons i was looked upon with great school by the. peace movement in britain i tried to explain that i was not a psychopath my friends we are psychopaths and we are professional military men. who thought very deeply about what we did but i did agree with them the nuclear weapon aspect was an aberration. in their planning thank you for. your conscience to do something about it and i can't imagine going around it's happening. that i just can't imagine and i think i'm stuck now so passionate about what he does it's just. said nah they're all well it's the ultimate cautionary tale or they say it's nothing like culverts. the always tend to overdo it because you really understand you know much of what spain

proposed the pentagon others will say oh don't worry we have everyone well trained we have plenty of safety systems there can not be a accidental start of a nuclear war but nuclear weapons are built a huge worst the risk is not zero that something might be going off by mistake especially with thousands of nuclear weapons on had trigger alert in the us and in russia the united states has dropped i think it's eleven apollo make bombs accidentally. we dropped four off of spam we have dropped one nuclear weapon in a marsh here in the united states now still there was never of. nuclear weapons are such a huge issue with such high risks associated with online and there's

a natural tendency to play both sides. they say they're coming back but at the same time they maintain extremely high numbers of weapons if. given the number of near misses we are lucky to still be here right the activists are convinced that an accident is pending ok and that the only valid security system is the total abolition of nuclear weapons in ninety six when we began this work project idea it was his dream if you say i'm going to clean and legal in everywhere else in the world by going to the world course we could get the conscience of the ordinary citizen around the world saying these are against the moral conscience of people it's illegal to use nuclear weapon tomorrow and the dream was that it would be easy to get it through the u.n. and. they were of course and that eventually these weapons would be to clearly go as we had on an hour and country and thank goodness that we were dreamers and i'm

realistic and. thought that we were posted by the sense of how this could happen but the real sources are international law apart from treaties customary international law and the general principles of law recognized by the legal systems of the word. that quite categorical on the batting order play weapons and the legality of nuclear weapons the fact that nuclear weapons cannot be used either by way of a strike or by way of threat you know to most of. us that all use of force. by means of nuclear weapons and that these pointers lead to article two of the united nations charter and article fifty one is unlawful. nucular deterrence says we have nucular weapons but our goal is not to use them. and our goal is to have them at

our disposal. this means that we are not in the realm of the real we are in the realm of the virtual need don't know what you're in here but it is contrary to international law even to add in one's assonance this referent because the purpose of the weapons to use it as a threat or as an actual weapon the nuclear powers or alliances like nato still rely on nuclear deterrence which is threat and so the fight continues i was on a panel with a senior advisor to the british government about nuclear policy and he's pro nuclear. and we were debating about. well court opinion and whether you're going to terence was legal and he was extremely cynical he said

that. it was a mistake to go into court but government sort of nor it and that's true they have . and the other thing he relied on all the time was he said and of course we never actually will have to use them and this to me is the heart of the problem but the people who brought it into terms is that if they try to handle abuse and then turns to support that women she would argue that terence does mean use of state is a use of a nuclear weapon to actually threaten to use them and that's when you read to the will court the first time you want to keep it straight you know and that's the thing it was the south pacific noirs and the activists that argued to have threesome clued in the original question if you have to glean threats then the. nuclear states kind of argued well we're only relying to terence which is threat and so we're not ready so i waited for you know. me to from years ago to go back to the court personnel speech and. at the time the judges

agreed unanimously on the requirement for total nuclear disarmament the activists are fighting ted opinion on. this based on. what i understand that they do is another one thing to do is to use the unanimous part of the opinion and i wanted to say to news on how can we might be stronger how can we and what are they doing that state practice that is still illegal. is that your understanding of it as a member looking for some new lever to put more pressure on the stage to comply and design completely not just to reduce new yes the nuclear weapons effects it's reverse since the world court decision and the americans particularly come out and said that. they see new roles for nuclear weapons and so we're back to almost like a sort of cold war situation again but with the war on terror instead and so it's

going to be far more difficult to get governments to put their heads over the parapet of the nonproliferation treaty those provide a framework for ending the threat of destruction speech and very clear war and the signing sign or states they agree to take good faith efforts to eliminate nuclear weapons i'm not with that and now of course we focus on regulations by which those who are like policemen on the world scene and talk of the nuclear powers they are violating this very little because they want other countries to observe now where if a policeman violates the law we cannot expect the rest of the world to complain but the law of the only thing that would work would be one that is perceived to be nondiscriminatory and fair and equally applied to all countries one

approach that has followed this is is you know dividing the worry between friends court and court good countries and court and court bad or roll countries or evil doers that approach doesn't work it doesn't pay too much and remember that in the one nine hundred eighty three babel sand in iraq was a friend of the west. an intelligence agency and the invasion of interact with. nuclear proliferation and her. for good reasons the needs of the turn understand. nobody is going to try to deny. us comes about as much as the rest of the world from the author responding to me only with a simple turning. the activists are understandably anxious as a result of the nuclear posture review in this classified u.s.

military document the security guarantees that protected countries without nuclear weapons against a nuclear offensive are cancelled a strategy of action is being adopted in addition to deterrence so the arsenals must be upgraded to make them easier to use france and britain have responded with surprising enthusiasm to this nuclear renaissance that the united kingdom is going to pretend that it needs nuclear weapons for its survival or its security and who is attacking the united kingdom some have got the very strange idea that because there is terrorists in the world we need to have nuclear weapons can be used nuclear weapons against terrorists but it would that not be rather like shooting musk eaters with cannons i think the british would make a much bigger splash in the history of the world if they decided that they let the program expire we are still fighting the

pollie war between britain and france because when i finally cornered. any senior british military man these days and asked why do you need nuclear weapons they say every time it's nothing to do with security it's nothing to do with the russians it's due to the fridge we cannot allow france to be the only european clipper. and there is this fear that britain will become like resilient if they can you free they will be of no consequence in the world. even though i do this work i constantly get overwhelmed i mean that discussion that we were having talking about the reality of needs here we're concerned three sometimes i just want. a list i've had enough. and lose heart but at the

same time i think. something has to be time and a five minute recess that i can do something i what. you know me now christine rush and i go out in the middle of the woods and things and pretty soon as now i'm out and i'm betting you guys from the people i speak to a movie night go out their cars and such and i think they also force the names of times used in this song usually you can sign this and i got to shame. that belonging because as much comes from that live sort of projects you go on and people solidarity emerges from it which i don't think exists so much among people not it's not just not as it's for the invasion of iraq there were millions of people are testing and still you know there's a million people around and i'm here to stay one for water and so i mean it's not necessarily it's you go to convince the public statement or the pope said suddenly we're going to be if they knew everything and yet we're going we really should

really try to trace and i think they mobilize action that would occur would be huge you may start to feel like no one's telling you what it is my because it's kind of a feeling it's still be a kind of it's got to do with it. but i was so i think that a lot of young people that i speak to much interest in some of these issues that. comply and that overwhelmed by all of us here is a member of the maid and what do they listen to the guards the peace movement can say to humanity you know if you keep spending a trillion dollars a year on weapons of venture you're going to blow everybody up you can you know people are dying from these weapons but until we actually see it people don't don't wake up to it. in two thousand and six canadian activists trying to drum up public interest in nuclear disarmament world wide military expenditures had risen to more than one trillion dollars this was a traumatic event for those who took to the streets during the cold war. the

nuclear early ninety's was probably. the largest and most effective not violent peace movement in history and successful. the united states was moving towards sharp increase in offensive nuclear capacity was and it was first to back down and for the reagan administration was first to adopt the rhetoric of the peace movement in order to continue with their programs that's where the storm comes from and we're not plentiful tack to anyone more interest but to eliminate nuclear weapons if you measure the peace movement by the number of people who march in one thousand nine hundred two the one million marched in central park in new york at the height of the cold war. last year there were forty

thousand who marched at the review conference of the nonproliferation treaty well the big difference in numbers true. more states were going to. significantly up the list and there it's very clear. on what. can change all over. the place the importance of nuclear proliferation is very much . we've been aware of or concerned with what a surprise to discover a fifteen year old concern by the outcome of the nonproliferation treaty is name is rafael even though. i'd just like to say that you and your speeches right now sir. i like to play. writes one side actually found out that it was three different people who really made that clear to me speakers. and internet research which

shocked me and i watched it smash were very last stage to have a speaker all the way from new york. she is an activist disarmament educator produce very good byes and on the list just keeps going this give a warm welcome for kathleen. ok the effectiveness of a social movement is sometimes very surprising and hard to track but it also depends on the creativity of the the social movements themselves and the activists involved with ideas and images and stories and that's why we sailed a boat into nuclear tests they've kind of surmised that all the weapons used in the second world war are equivalent just three megatons that includes two nuclear weapons used to her semen on a sucky all the bones in the bullets. that represents all of the firepower of the second world war ok so now i'm going to give you another sound and this second

sound is the equivalent firepower of the world's nuclear arsenal today.

the only way forward that would make sense and would stop this nad rush forward in seeking the capability to make nuclear weapons is for those countries that have nuclear weapons to find a way to give them up and to rely for security on non-nuclear moons. when i say a mad rush over the past couple of weeks five or six countries have indicated that they might be interested in the bout of being a capability to enrich uranium australia canada ukraine kazakhstan south africa. all these countries that's sad why should they be left behind canada is interested in a small level of original very far away from a nuclear weapon capability but the technology for enrichment nonetheless is the same we sometimes refer to it as a latent proliferation you quote and place all the technologies to make nuclear

weapons but you stop at a much lower level. orders to its part in all this we were third world heard that our dedication to peacekeeping as a percentage of gross domestic product is now dropped down to late. we used to be leading the world in the battle against nuclear proliferation and we were little leading countries in the world in the battle against the weaponization of space canada has very little space in which to. make progress because. it's a number of measures later it is a nuclear plants it's like nothing that you've signed on to which clearly canadian for the most of the best policy military policy is going to change dramatically and we canadians are great trouble in terms of are historical commitment to peace and deserve them. everything is in place to proceed with disarmament one hundred

eighty eight countries committed to disarm they sent a shining message that goodwill could prevail but so far the governments choose to spend billions perfecting this terminal threat rather than fighting poverty or global warming. will future generations heirs to the thousands of bombs be as lucky as their parents will be live without seeing a nuclear explosion either by accident or by design maybe maybe not. but until the treaties and international law are on made up on being.

culture is that so much of the taxpayers' money was never really. a currency crisis european finance ministers central bankers and politicians remain at odds on how to rescue the year old as pressure mounts. if. he. says.