the moviegoer to join me the killings on the villains began waging the grand imperial. george was clearly until you can listen to joe blow's mission viejo sit down to go and. read this in the can he was that you know as you're a treat. you're watching r t here's a recap of the main stories we're covering for you today norway's nightmare at least ninety four are now confirmed dead after two violent attacks rocked the country the government employees uniform killed eighty seven in a shooting spree at a youth camp hours after a car wash out of the center of all slow claiming seven lives. police arrested a thirty two year old region around a suspected of being behind it attacks he said to have links with a far right movement and i'll second that has been detained in connection with the

atrocities in the last few hours. and economic troubles just keep on plaguing europe and the u.s. greece's credit rating is the other threat following big new you agreed on a fresh bailout for outlets and while america moves closer to defaulting on its massive debts after lawmakers fields and agree on raising the debt ceiling. spotlight is up next and this time all good all talks to alexis crow from the royal institute of international affairs to find out whether the revolutions in north africa will lead to greater security threats in the future that's coming your way next. i am sick of nature and discover is abusing. the. league communicate with the why don't we unlearn the.

test yourself and become free. to. see what nature can give you the knowledge the. moon. looked through the. probable yellow welcome to spotlight as they enter the shelves on our t.v. i'm now getting all bent name i guess in the studio as alex is dropped when last year russia and the united states were discussing the new start treaty they argued whether or not it would protect your approach to social killing in this but very soon a different threat emerged revolutions that warfare spread throughout north africa and the middle east toppling regimes that are bringing instability to the region so

what are the biggest threats to your feeling of global security today here's an expert on international security as the royal institute of international affairs alex this crowd. last year russia and the united states strengthen ties by signing the new strong nuclear disarmament treaty each one russia needs relations and made things clear and with the european missile defense program the things are still where they started because the audience wants him to stop the mistrials in eastern europe and russia wants guarantees that he won't threaten its security which in part is also disagree with the current middle eastern issues like the syrian. hello axis of thank you very much for coming to the show it's a pleasure to have been here and first of all before we start talking about war and missiles and all those things let's talk about the from the more lively things like the question which was really

a live look this holiday season what is it for you would you would you conclude to be in an international international interest in those full scale because of it but the whole world felt well certainly i mean it's definitely a transatlantic affair because of course rupert murdoch's interest in the wall street journal ties it to the north atlantic business community as well and and attention is drawn towards britain naturally because these sort of scandals of corruption and police chiefs resigning aren't supposed to happen in the old western countries here these are safer things of other countries but it's happening right in london it's happening right in westminster as we speak. the project is killing themselves. it's you know it's it's an interesting affair and i think also. at the start it wasn't it wasn't very clear how much this would affect cameron but i think it might affect and greatly i think he behaved in such

a way which was which was fantastic in that he was very candid in the way he responded in a way wasn't guilty of anything but the wave which he was slowed. to punish colson for what had happened i think is going to hurt him in the long run they call people called miracle the colleagues from different russian. sources considering me an experience britain saying should the rule change the law should be will change the law regulating the work of the press and the end the relationship between the press and the society and we know the new reason i think it's a matter of implementation. ok people when people are breaking the law was the use changing law or maybe i'm not right because of the government they want to change the law well no i mean i think it's also looking at the way in which the law protects the people in this if you follow the super injunctions scandals as well in the u.k. and of course we had julian assange large

a year ago. i think the way in which the relationship between the media and technology and people is evolving in such a rapid pace but this is a scandal of all the i mean this is you could write this in a book could be fiction it could be a television show. or films this is something you know was there was the bond film in which there was the villain was loosely based on repressed murdoch i believe so i think the relationship is changing but i don't think we should create new laws or disband or that he simply because they're broken. as you called in the film does that mean we needed their will though person to deal with them going to the environment scenes. somewhere with. ok well. do you think that this me seriously harm. americans a business or will it maybe give more publicity to papers. well i mean

certainly not the news of the world of course that one won't be selling anytime soon but i think. something like the wall street journal is going to be brilliant and. in a way businessmen like rupert murdoch are buoyant until they become the house of cards comes falling down like it did with for example ken lay and enron but that's not a scandal of that kind of proportions i don't think trickling down it's more of a question of his legitimacy so from here on out he's probably going to be completely inhibited in terms of pursuing business and i would say it is harming the reputation of the british press do you agree absolutely journalism in general journalism now. but i mean i don't think papers for example like the financial times will suffer. hopefully not ok now let's switch to two to two to world peace in the middle east and this is rope is changing and has

changes started there with an established your non fly zone over libya and now to go into more offensive operation in the region but the war in libya in its current form is not was not sanctioned by the united nations doesn't mean that what the nato is doing in libya is illegitimate no i mean i would say that apart from the french dropping weapons. by and large the need to is fighting with its hands tied behind its back it's it's almost crippled in its execution of hostilities there or just underneath hostilities in accordance with the u.s. congress. and in order to fight within that remit i believe that it's not fighting as effectively as it can. so i do think that it's fighting within

the u.n. security council along those lines apart from funding weapons. resolution learn t. seventy three of the united nations security council. allowed nato to secure this no fly zone to start president duffy from slaughtering his own people but. the attempts to assassinate who could benefit and and there have been a number of them and later seems to be obsessed with that idea doesn't mean that the real real idea behind the campaign is regime change in the country well if you go back to from the one thousand of march i'm words there's a real there's a great word in english which is backsliding there was a real backsliding and skidding into what began as a holding un resolution one thousand seventy three and really trying to protect civilians in the slaughter of civilians. for example you heard b.h.l. not only livy and france really pushing this we've got to see the civilians much in

a sort of recalling rwanda and what happened in kosovo in bosnia. and so that was the real the real tension pushed forward the moment and then you backslide into well how are you going to do that do you need to remove gadhafi from power and in a sense you do so there was a real reticence to use the words regime change and change and then all of a sudden it starts sliding back into this well we don't seek regime change broken off in moscow. and so now the real question is how do you remove a man from power. do you put him in asylum that one of the things is putting him in asylum but within libya but i don't really necessarily know how that's going to work we will see i don't think it will work i don't think of coffee is in the do is get out if you do believe it because he himself seems pretty confident is that

he was he did look worried this couple of weeks but now he seems confident knows he's got staying power. many has got staying power so long. as nato cannot fight a war effectively which it cannot do. because it's fighting within the bounds of the un security council resolution pam it's not going to really be able to step up its efforts unless because back to the security council another resolution is passed which one wonders the viability about russia has refused to recognize the libyan rebels as the only legitimate authority in the country's progress you know in the media reports. when nate started its military operation in libya four months ago the u.s. promised not to take sides last week washington changed its mind at an international conference in this town you can recognize libya's transitional national council as the country's government until an interim authority is

a place united states will recognize that t.n.c. as the legitimate governing authority for libya and we will deal with it on that basis in contrast the united states used the gadhafi regime as no longer having with authority in libya more than thirty nations for would suit now with diplomatic recognition the u.s. will officially be able to fund the thing in gaza based opposition it can use some of the thirty billion used dollars of khadafi regime assets frozen in american banks russia has condemned in merican decision to call all of those behind the recognition or fully siding with one political force in the libyan civil war on this again just means that those who took this decision are pursuing a policy of isolation in this case they solution of tripoli's little difficult. russia going to build tripoli and benghazi urging both sides to get to run the

negotiation table meanwhile we need a secretary general called in the line says numbers to aircraft to deliver strikes only been targets so far two months of need involvement have not helped break the deadlock in the civil war. well you mention there are feasibility to resist and it certainly has been underestimated in later what was the reason for this unrest additional which is a story well i think it's to begin with again you're fighting as a swordsman with one hand tied behind your back because regime change wasn't mentioned to begin with if you look in the international community in the wider international community sometimes if you look at need is engaging with other countries for example afghanistan. and iraq it's given me to a bad name it's means that the u.k. and the u.s. are coming to seek regime change sensually and so because of that bad name to begin

with france and britain and the us did not you explicitly did not use the words regime change and of course there are several air power theories one of whom is called eliot cohen from america and he said that the use of air power exclusive air power to carry out a political solution is equivalent to modern courtship get off of this immediate satisfaction without little guarantees or commitments and so in one sense is a policy of what robert pape calls decapitation decapitation policy literally taking the head off of a regime does little to change anything political the ground as we've so clearly seen in afghanistan with the removal of the taliban as we've seen with the removal of saddam hussein so it's not a policy that works regime change. however i would say that therefore wasn't on the cards to begin with. in that very overt sense but of course it had to be because if you're thinking of stopping him killing his citizens you obviously have to stop him

. from being in power in some sense says alex this crowd expert on this national security at their wall in a speech it all international affairs spotlight will be back shortly after we take a break so stay with. twenty years ago in the largest country in. the surgical exhibits. must have been able to look at each began a journey. where did it take the. plan. won't go into the. what needs to be splash in the world of heights it just looks like transit vs science into i just cheap products don't understand all the pieces

get these old russian leaders to eat your betters abroad in their big breakthrough back home sunlight on stone once acknowledge the updates here on. we've got the future covered. welcome back to spotlight. just a reminder a guest in the studio today is alex's an expert on international security at the royal institute of international affairs well we've been talking about today i think and there will be talk of a little trepidation and you compared it to two saws men fighting with one hand behind the tide is back good many experts say that even. even if we try to evaluate the operations that have been carried out it was

a neutral fiasco do you do you agree with that the will truly the military did a lousy job really lousy job on the ground i think this is symptomatic of the west's attention deficit disorder we might say it looks it looks at a problem area it looks at an issue its size it wants to solve it and then it deliberates too quickly and hard to solve it so was too little too late and this is of course what a lot of people said about obama's decision to step up troops in afghanistan that it took him far too long to deliberate over this decision so i would agree i would say that in libya either we should have gone in it all. we should have done something like this which of course is not the nature of coalition fighting and i'm reminded of. comments when he said next time i fight mord may be a coalition. but is there

a military solution in libya in the region in general. do you believe in ministries like no i think this is the greatest single greatest problem of modern conflict. anywhere the stone anywhere and this is the problem is. does need to have the military capacity to wage coalition warfare yes it does granted if you have partners such as germany on board you know the danes are actually quite on board so it doesn't have the capacity yes it does of course has political infighting things called national. and and problems of material however the real question is political will and does it have the political will to sustain operations on the ground and afghanistan in the last decade has proven no we don't have the capacity or there really is no consensus because germany you mentioned italy the learn exactly enthusiastic about all of this but may be at least where you think a compromise between britain and france is the main partners in the you know this

well i think in the architects of the franco british defense treaty are very glad to see that france and britain have agreed and continued to agree and really rallied round in europe and knocking on other leaders towards an across the closer you got low there's a. no i would say marriage would love how you think that brutally french in general i mean this specifically here is renewed passion in the movement of this specific issue of one hundred million i want specifically ok there are. many strikes are not working so do you think that nato. really invasion the world will need to be going forward for a resolution of the security council before skill impression you know i have to say what you will have what you have had since the start. was equivalent of what kennedy since special advisers on the ground in vietnam and you have special forces

on the ground i think increasingly in modern conflict you will see special forces operating on the ground in a small sort of shadow capacity. and i think you'll continue to see that but not a ground invasion. the verge of russia said that moscow will not support a resolution against syria's bashar regime does it undermine common approach towards the problem. well this these visas generally tend to do so in russia which china. it is something when the security council of course it detracts from the world but i think it seems to me that at the moment any kind of potential military solution or any kind of resolution against syria wouldn't happen at the moment as as i understand it and i'm not an expert on the middle east per se but as i understand it. is is making efforts to negotiate with opposition

and insofar as he continues to do that i think it will buy him time he's really the security council ok now there is a risk experts say. the assistance given to the rebels to go to the so-called trans national transitional national committee will go to al qaida to al qaeda elements that are present within the ranks of this committee. do you think there are grounds for for such stations nationwide if you make a connection to al qaeda you know it's got a long connection to me i don't even think you need to make up for of a connection simply because do we really know who the because the rebels are and i think this is a big question did we really know that images even were when the c.a.a. funded them back in during the war in afghanistan i mean this is the real question

is not necessarily links to al qaeda would to. q.a.m. are crediting sonic not grab but even to any other group flooding flooding. a civil war essentially or an area prone to civil war with weapons is not necessarily an inviolable promising you have no idea where those weapons will end up or who those people will be eventually the question of what happens to countries like like libya after the war is over so we just leave. if you just stop fighting and that's it it will turn them into sort of another ghana stone local or a lawless land. like a nice place for all those clowns in ren and groupings and and and. who are all that try to tribal leaders coming to power but if we want to to establish a sustainable peace in the country it's a long and costly for do you think that the europeans will be ready to to go for it

in times of crisis economic difficulties i don't think the west has the political will or the attention span to see that out i think the west is losing its attention span shorter and shorter kids focus on domestic political consolidation look at what's going on within europe within the euro delaying the inevitable for going to greece and now it's you know to new debt ceilings in italy look at the congressional battles in washington as you can see there the attention span just snaps so i don't think. that a lasting peace will be stabilized and imposed by the european union by need all or by the u.s. . and the other thing. if. people within the general if they will decide to go for peace through to work for a for for a treaty between the field the rebels will feel that many years like like south

africa for example or russia step in and try to to to to set up with a grievance because this would this would this group the previous policy which was so i think eventually i would think that i believe that that makes sense i know that. president zuma just got into sort of deep browed with cameron in south africa over this matter and i as i understand you sent your great chess experts to negotiate a libya so i mean i think that that is what makes sense in terms of bringing in other members of the international community and their experiences of resolving conflicts. what do you think. libya's war means for the future of made to be the e.u. common defense project does it need rethinking is it in the in the elite rethinking process the moment a sign of things to come i think increasingly we will see coalitions of the willing

we saw in iraq. like we saw we're seeing in libya. you know i think what will happen within nato is you will see these coalitions of the willing group around so it's an issue areas so for example with cyber defense with climate change or with nuclear defense and in terms of i think it's ringing the death toll the interventionism i think that imposing values at the point of a gun hopefully is a policy which is being rid of the west as we speak in libya at the moment it's highly ineffective this week as we discussed and. it seems that. russia's proposal to share the responsibility for europe's missile defense according to the sexual principle is it a sign of the persisting distrust in europe towards the russian. i think that the problem within europe itself is that you've got so many different

cases towards russia there's a german gaze and there's a british gaze and there's a french gaze and there's an italian gaze and very very very seldomly do all of these gazes look in the same direction and so i think this will just be symptomatic of european relations with moscow but i say i mean as i see it i think that the european union does far better in negotiating with russia as a collective entity than nato does but i think things initiatives like the native russia council are very valuable and even if they disintegrate at some point it's important if even if they're sort of suspended they don't disintegrate so i think it's important to keep them in place and you know the role of the united states it seems go for the first time and decades the u.s. is not playing a leading role in the military operation doesn't that put the idea of self dependent european defense bots into the engine absolutely absolutely and i think

this is this is again indicative of a shift of of washington's gaze toward the east if you look to what secretary of defense bob gates one of his last sort of tours he talked about the pacific and the importance of the pacific and the way in which washington's attention will be much more focused on pacific looking at newer global strategic partners in a way that france germany britain might not be the default strategic ally and i think that is that is indicative of things come thank you thank you very much and just to remind you the point you're famous to get rate was alex this crowd the next group of international security at the institute of international affairs and their fifty now from all of the spotlight will be back with more and comments on the what's going on in the field with a limp or to take. a cue.