today thirty million elegies a month. it's the. russians . made some of the first strides in constructing the incandescent lamps in the eighteenth seventy's. filaments. inventor thomas edison introduced improved extended relatively short life of electric bulbs forty. twentieth century the tungsten filament light bulbs still in use today were already emerging . at the end of the one nine hundred fifty s. and high pressure sodium street lighting in the sixty's compact stores. were pioneered in the seventy's and are still a popular option as we move towards energy efficiency. diodes may be seen in the ninety's with improvements in technology since then showing incredible flexibility

and efficiency quite possibly making. the future. future big shots to the octagon factory opening. clearly understood the positive impact of having the company on and she was joined by dignitaries and investors from. state. is happy to throw its weight behind. in the field. in fact. cademy it all of this. fundamental physics and cutting edge technology since the days of its founder.

would soon. train the ranks of the soviet union's top nuclear scientists they also begin work on semiconductors that underpins virtually all modern electronics. was one of the institutes in the field of semiconductor physics and of today. we developed. twenty. experimented with. the end of the nine hundred sixty s. we saw the appearance of d.s. based on a three semiconductor. that was in the late one nine hundred sixty. is the next generation know how to develop students and what we see here demonstrates how fast changing both in scientific and technological terms and also in terms of the top rate equipment here. top managers.

of students in the same mid ninety's graduate class and while the optoelectronics department gave them the best of foundations they were completing their studies at a time of difficult transition for the russian scientific community. at the beginning of. our economy facing a dramatic evil due to disastrous. by the government i mean the way kerry. found itself in a difficult situation we could not have survived maintained scientific potential international collaboration. of innovative entrepreneurs seeking the elusive startup conditions in an era of uncertainty in fact much of the developed world was suffering an economic identity

crisis in the late twentieth century. just in the collapsing socialist. german city where the russian innovators eventually found their incubator was no exception. the world is full of rusting old. by the wayside and the constant shifts of the global economy the challenge on everyone's minds is to rethink and rebuild these spaces to compete in the high tech twenty first century. challenges were particularly acute in a city the once mighty complex and largest economy these pictures are from the final days of phoenix west a massive plant operated by the steel. that along with other heavy industry installations. working class long before the mill was shuttered for good in one thousand nine hundred eight the economic.

crisis. take a decision to do for the future. there is. by the way as. an impressive new facility. passed. in april two thousand and five. for micro technology. clean room infrastructure for small companies trying to take technology. from the city state and european union now hosting around twenty companies with over one

hundred employees. including many from russia so what you see here and that. is even the essence of eight years of experience will return to do with russian friends russian i do. you know the route in technology that needs to have access to global markets obviously there is a gap in between and don't want this to teams find the perfect infrastructure in order to do the conversion of that technology into products where is the money to make a reality come from well basically it needs investors right but you know to get them this infrastructure in a high tech start up team to make a predictable conversion you have a clear timeframe of to use a few years in order to convert technology to products and prepare the company in order to approach global markets that's exactly the kind of preparation. and his classmates turned business partners and up to gone were looking for when they came to dortmund and to help them take top quality optoelectronics technology into the

market. up the gun originally was founded by. two my friends and classmates from university and myself and. meyer who joined us and he helped to move here to. this. company. and through this time to develop the main principles and basically team. loop created that today we have between ten companies on the level of performance so what exactly was it that opera guy needed to get their business off the ground ensure equipment diodes don't grow on trees they grow in every taxi all reactors are able to rent top quality equipment in affordable rates and the m.s.t. factory in the after gun team would set about generating the top quality samples that made them an attractive investment to set up

a full scale production here's how it's done. production starts with a thin model crystal. and a process known as. placed inside a special chamber the wafer is bombarded with various gases to form a multi-layered structure under specific pressure and temperature conditions the gases cause chemical reactions leaving layers of gallium nitride indium nitride and aluminum nitride on the way for surface each wafer will produce up to thousands of elite d.s. so a laser edging process cards out the individual chips contacts are then affixed to each one of the tiny l.e.d. chips are now ready to be placed inside the casement connected with gold wire the contacts and covered with a foster layer to convert blue to white light negative than positive charge currents meet in the active layer of the diode releasing photons in the form of visible light. technology while the energy efficiency.

recovering the innovation technologies. and we've talked to several groups several financial groups and on the group. much faster they realize the potential of the company bought it now main expertise . and ease inside at least. we found a way that we can grow material with least dislike and defects to even. mean that we can build chips with a more cost efficient technology delivering the same level of performance we are in a transition phase for all. who have. trunk. is now busy calibrating their production lines in st petersburg to perfectly recreate the recipe they nailed down and it's

a tedious process even on the prototype scale and now the expectations are. comes out of these machines is going not to showcase for potential investors but to meet the lighting needs of clients. to plan what advantages can there. for an equivalent amount of light up to god projects it's. nearly ten fold and incandescence by fifty times meanwhile the l.e.d.s. will cut in half the energy usage of most c.f.l. and use fully ten times less electricity than old school bulbs mercury pollution is a potentially serious problem with energy saving c.f.l. . avoid that toxic threat. completely. environmentally safe in russia from let's hear from. four hundred. other people as well. but in russia there is no such high penetration. so we see that in terms of the market size. it's bigger.

this expect russian market to grow. and we see the growth of the market for. a hundred percent a year and we expect. doesn't have to look. as the city of st petersburg is undergoing an l.e.d. overhaul. companies in charge of maintaining some one hundred eighty thousand lighting elements around the city that's a huge market for the new. currently power consumption total several megawatts. of the major production plant that will produce and hopefully lights to. the initially we intend to use to eliminate the city's gardens and. vicious municipal construction plan in the pipeline with new streets to be designed and

built in two thousand and twelve twenty thirteen. so after we've done the pox we'll extend the replacement program to residential districts and then move on to revamp the lighting for major transport to raise in the city as well as the embankments and. beyond their hometown up to god is branching out to the far away russian republic of straddling the arctic circle in icy northern siberia energy efficiency is more than a slogan they're producing electricity and much of the region is expensive and heavily subsidized they also need new technology built to withstand their long brutal winter. what if you. work in temperature conditions like we have a lot of parts of russia. cold country. that you need minus sixty degree.

this is a prototype here what's different about it i can't tell with the naked eye but tell me a little bit about the technology i would say that right now you can buy. definitely a big competitive game since other companies. already been on the market for years to show the ability to meet customer specific demand. ever lower costs.

for. the. kind of mass consumer. even if you think. you might. three hundred dollars. driving down the cost of chip production somebody needs to tackle the issue of design. creative minds that studios are already on the case. is constantly coming up with new ways to function with the fashion. behind the futuristic prototype. screw in. was the main challenge that you guys had to

overcome in making these plans obviously did acknowledge is quite advanced but they still go to some issues to solve the biggest one ease the problem of couldn't don't because it's pretty use lots of heat so we have to design a very good. read into is that what this thing is read here yeah it's like. the theme we just came out for the market three years ago and it's just a standard solution but we like to change it and make it more effective and we got inspired by nature because if you look at some of the it stuff like mushrooms for example that apes there they just like cause a new wave in up and go in and we've created this saying the same similar stuff here and it will help to extend the capacity and space around and. to make that cooling process more effective from a purely design perspective from an artistic perspective do you like working with

bulbs that need a radiator this clunky like when i look at this i see mostly radiator very little ball and you don't get light maybe as much coming down this direction are you looking at ways to completely redo l.e.d. lighting so that you don't have to have such a bulky radiator industry itself is very rapidly changing day by day i think maybe even after one year we'll have another design a different look so what then is the future of this kind of designing to look like you mentioned at a deed silva get in small and small and for example they can close your which is called slight engine and physically it's a very very tiny ensley been adamant and they implemented that but not you know the common you could wait any shape whatever you want really looking forward to some of the designs may seem a bit frivolous it first glimpse but we're talking about a far more flexible lighting future where we can. to traditional shapes in the name

of variety. to just about anything and replace old school single function buttons with tiny. multiplying devices possibilities. and the. russian billionaire. is literally hoping to reinvent the wheel. sometime in two thousand and twelve. with all the latest gadgets for the irving to . the new car company so it's no wonder he understood the advantages of that product from st peter's little which is the first of the use of light to me . and secondly no less important.

features. of the zero has company here as the world's leading luxury sports car makers head seen the light about recent years as well as the bang for the buck you can expect to encounter more l.e.d.s. on the road. as you can see technology is finding applications everywhere these days even living room but it's just the tip of the iceberg. there are more innovations on the way from the same team of st petersburg scientists. from. offices of the company. their classmates and. industry. even deeper into their scientific work on semiconductor physics they've assembled an international team to become one of the world's leaders in laser technology. to complete production cycle beginning here with molecular. and. finishing with

a range of packaged products. chips and fiber laser modules for use. in communications technology. research is from the physical technical university where we worked in the laboratory of the. private company here in germany we managed to secure a significant. company other applications produces millions of chips for the. research to create a unique to be used in the industry of optical computer interconnections. different place. the. project. was a proposal to set up production facilities. chips using.

something unique. to take. his company's among the global elite quantum dots or confine semiconductor crystals with unique electronic. discovered in the one nine hundred eighty s. physicists. quantum dots are great advantages in laser applications. for more amplitude and. relative noise. benefits. company's latest invention.

one hundred gigabits. you see everywhere today just a few. hundred . think of the. data coming out of your computer. today the options are basically either building a new road. or waiting in traffic. lanes to the same highway sending information on the same fiber using several different. kind of breakthrough we're talking about. redefining the computer. one hundred.

the world. in two thousand and six. that's a huge number. expect. future. technologies to develop. to competitive firms with cutting edge projects. and possibly. successful innovative business abroad and bring them home. over the world from the famous silicon valley to taiwan and southeast asia.

in russia. right now that's part of the project an international city of science and technology over the next decade in all directions from this spot just outside of moscow so the next time technology brings you a high tech success story it might just be born and raised right here in enjoy the ride. that. he's going to cover. to take scientific groups. to give them kind of conditions like. what we discussed with you when we were there and. in order to develop. your prototype. and this has to be done in russia immediately otherwise we would never you know breach between. between because between science

and. there is a huge gap and there is a development and i myself am a scientist very they don't understand how much. thanks. to. six. weeks and. six. see. how many.

in india old geezer made a big move joined beaver to. the greek way through to the grand imperial truly the doors were still. in the words were told. to go all corners of the city the colonel was virtually as used to retreat. all these top stories in poland have made the pilot error. that killed the nation's president high level politicians near smolensk but the findings also try to shift some blame on russia saying it contributed to the accident. the greek bailout burden macy's paying get a credit rating downgrade moody's says and we were also among the key concerns spreading the risk of contagion even thought that germany is refusing to sign blank checks on increases. because the cold in washington the republican dominated house of representatives passed a vote to raise america's debt ceiling and cut spending but the democratic majority

in the senate is likely to kill off the bill if a decision must be made by tuesday or america will default on its debt. plus thousands camp out in a zero in protest against poor living conditions some are already drawing comparisons with a tough trade uprising that saw egypt's leader i'll sit in february. as the headlines up next here on l.t. a look at whether a divine inspiration that's being used to drive the free market economy that's in cross talk just ahead. and you can.

blow in welcome to cross talk i'm peter lavelle does the lord need marketing some are selling christian rock jesus jeans and even jesus pills is this the right way to promote christianity in the twenty first century or is it a new profitable nisha for those who have nothing to do with face. can. you discuss christian marketing i'm joined by you and getting in london he is director of marketing and communications at the un denning marketing consultancy and in columbus we go to philip ross he's a pastor and author and another member of our cross talk team yell on the hunger are a gentleman cross talk rules in effect that means you can jump in any time you want if i can go to you fill up first. christianity is a message everyone would agree with that but are there wrong ways.