long line russian. made some of the first strides in constructing the incandescent lamps in the eighteenth seventy's. filaments. inventor thomas edison introduced improved extended relatively short life of electric bulbs. then to over one thousand hours early twentieth century the tungsten filament light bulbs still in use today were already emerging. at the end of the one nine hundred fifty s. and high pressure sodium street lighting in the sixty's compact stores. were pioneered in the seventy's and are still a popular option as we move towards energy efficiency. diodes may be seen in the ninety's with improvements in technology since then showing incredible flexibility and efficiency quite possibly making. the future. future the big shots the octagon factory opening. clearly understood the positive impact

of having the company on and she was joined by top level dignitaries and investors from moscow and beyond it's a project that state high tech corporation is happy to throw its weight behind. in the field. in fact. cademy at the root of all of this physical technical institute it's been a world class center for fundamental physics cutting edge technology since the days of its founder. train the ranks of the top nuclear scientists they also begin work on semiconductors. virtually all modern electronics. was one of the institutes in the

field of semiconductor physics and of today's. meeting were developed. twenty. of the nine hundred sixty is. based on a three. hundred sixty. is the next generation know how to develop students and what we see here demonstrates how fast changing both in scientific and technological terms and also in terms of the top rate equipment racing here. students in the same mid ninety's graduate class and while the optoelectronics

department gave them the foundations they were completing their studies at a time of difficult transition for the russian scientific community. at the beginning of. our economy facing a dramatic evil due to disastrous. by the government i mean they were carried down to. russian science found itself in a difficult situation we could not have survived maintained scientific potential international collaboration. of innovative entrepreneurs seeking the elusive startup conditions in an era of uncertainty in fact much of the developed world was suffering an economic identity crisis in the late twentieth century not just in the collapsing socialist bloc german city where the russian innovators eventually found or in cuba. it was no

exception. the world is full of rusting old industrial space by the wayside and the constant shifts of the global economy the challenge on everyone's minds is to rethink and rebuild these spaces to compete in the high tech twenty first century. challenges were particularly acute in a city. complex in largest economy these pictures are from the final days of phoenix west a massive plant operated by. along with other heavy industry installations. working class long before the mill was shuttered for good in one thousand nine hundred eight the economic. crisis. they had to take a decision to do for the future. there

is. so. by the way as. impressive new facility. passed. in april two thousand and five. clean room infrastructure companies trying to take technology. from the city state and european union now hosting around twenty companies with over one hundred employees including many from russia.

and i do. you know the route in technology that needs to have access to global markets opus leaders get in between and don't want this to the perfect infrastructure in order to do the conversion of that technology into products where is the money to come from well basically it needs investors right but you know to give them this infrastructure in a high tech startup team to make a predictable conversion you have a timeframe of two the three years in technology to products and prepare the company in order to approach global markets that's exactly the kind of preparation . and his classmates turned business partners it up to god were looking for when they came to dortmund and to help them take top quality off the electronic technology to the market. originally was founded by. two my friends and classmates from university and myself and. he joined us and he helped

to hear. the company. and through the developed the main principles and basically team. creatives that today we have between ten companies. opera gun needed to get their business off the ground ensure equipment diodes don't grow on trees they grow in reactors able to rent top quality equipment in affordable rates and the m.s.t. factory in. generating that top quality sample made them an attractive investment. here's how it's done production starts with a thin model crystal. and a process known as. placed inside

a special chamber the wafer is bombarded with various gases to form a multi-layered structure under specific pressure and temperature conditions the gases cause chemical reactions leaving layers of gallium nitride indium nitride and aluminum nitride on the way for surface each wafer will produce up to thousands of billy d's so a laser edging process cards out the individual chips contacts are then affixed to each one of the tiny l.e.d. chips are now ready to be placed inside the casement connected with gold wire the contacts and covered with a foster layer to convert blue to white light negative and positive charge currents meet in the active layer of the diode releasing photons in the form of visible light. technology while the energy efficiency. recovering the innovation technologies. and we've talked to several groups several financial groups and on the group.

much faster than others they realize the potential of the company bought it now main expertise. and insight at least. we found a way that we can grow material with least disliked defects to even. mean that we can build chips with a more cost efficient technology delivering the same level of performance we are in a transition phase for pilots. who have. trunk. is now busy calibrating their production lines in st petersburg to perfectly recreate the recipe they mailed down and it's a tedious process even on the prototype scale and now the expectations are. comes out of these machines is going not to showcase for potential investors but to meet

the lighting needs of clients. to plan what advantages. for an equivalent amount of light up to go on projects it's. nearly ten fold and incandescents by fifty times meanwhile they will cut in half the energy usage of most c.f.l. and usefully ten times less like old school bulbs mercury pollution is a potentially serious problem with energy saving c.f.l. . toxic threat. completely. environmentally safe in russia from let's hear from. four hundred. people. but in russia there is no such high penetration of the so we see that in terms of the market size. it's bigger to. expect russian market to grow. we see the

growth of the market for russia from seventy to one hundred percent a year and we expect. doesn't have to look. as this city of st petersburg is undergoing an l.e.d. overhaul. companies in charge of maintaining some one hundred eighty thousand lighting elements around the city that's a huge market for the new. currently power consumption total several megawatts. of a major production plant that will produce and hopefully lights to. initially we intend to use to eliminate the city's gardens and. vicious municipal construction plan in the pipeline with new streets to be designed and built in two thousand and twelve twenty thirteen. so after we've done the pox we'll extend the replacement program to residential districts and then move on to revamp

the lighting for major transport rays in the city as well as the embankments and other case. beyond their hometown up to go on his branching out to the far away russian republic straddling the arctic circle in icy northern siberia energy efficiency is more than a slogan they're producing electricity in much of the region is expensive and heavily subsidized they also need new technology built to withstand their long brutal winter. what if you. work in temperature conditions like we have a lot of parts of russia. cold country. sixty degree. this is a prototype here what's different about it i can't tell with the naked eye but tell

me a little bit about the technology i would say that right now you can buy my. degree . definitely a big competitive game since other companies. already been on the market for years to show the ability to meet customer specific demand. ever lower costs.

kind of mass consumer base. even if you think. you might. driving down the cost of chip production somebody needs to tackle the issue of design. creative minds that studios are already on the case. is constantly coming up with new ways to merge. with the fashion. behind the futuristic prototype. screw in a. while. was the main challenge that you guys had to overcome in making these plans obviously did acknowledge is quite advanced now but they still go to some issues to solve the biggest one ease the problem of couldn't don't because

it's produced a lot of heat so we have to design the very good. read into it is that what this thing is right here yeah it's like. the theme we just came out for the market maybe three years ago and it's just a standard solution but we like to change it and make it more effective and we got inspired by nature because if you look at some of the stuff like mushrooms for example that apes there they just like cause a new wave in up and go in and we create the same the same similar stuff here and that will help us to extend capacity and space around and. to make that cooling process more effective from a purely design perspective from an artistic perspective do you like working with bulbs that need a radiator this clunky like when i look at this i see mostly radiator very little ball and you don't get light maybe as much coming down this direction are you

looking at ways to completely redo l.e.d. lighting so that you don't have to have such a bulky radiator industry itself is very rapidly changing day by day i think maybe even up to one year we'll have another design beefed up so there's a different look so what then is the future of this kind of designing a look like are you mentioned at the deed silva get in small and small and for example they came up to closure which is called slide engine and physically it's a very very tiny ensley been adamant and they implemented in that but not you know the common you could wait any shape whatever you want really looking forward to some of the designs may seem a bit frivolous it first glimpse but we're talking about a far more flexible lighting future where we can. to traditional shapes in the name of variety. to just about anything and replace old school single function buttons with tiny. multiplying the devices possibilities.

and the. russian billionaire. is literally hoping to reinvent the wheel. sometime in two thousand and twelve. with all the latest gadgets for the. new car company so it's no wonder he understood the advantages of that product from st peter's square which is the first of the use of light to me. and secondly no less important the extended lifespan. is to simplify the tax. season features. company here as the world's leading luxury sports car makers head seen the light about in recent years as well as the bang for the buck you can expect to encounter

more l.e.d.s. on the road which. as you can see. is finding applications everywhere these days even. but it's just the tip of the iceberg. there are more innovations on the way from the same team of st petersburg scientists. from. offices of the company. their classmates and. industry in an even deeper scientific work on semiconductor physics. international team to become one of the world's leaders in laser technology. to complete production cycle beginning here with molecular. and. finishing with a range of packaged products. chips and fiber. for use. in communications technology.

in the laboratory of the. private company here. we managed to secure a significant. other implications produces millions of chips for. research to create a unique to be used in the industry of optical computer interconnections. different place in. the. project. with a proposal to. be something unique.

his company is among the global elite. semiconductor. discovered in the one nine hundred eighty s. physicist. great advantages. and. company's latest invention. one hundred gigabits. you see everywhere today

just a few. hundred . think of the. data coming out of your computer. today the options are basically either building a new road. or waiting in traffic. lanes to the same highway sending information on the same fiber using several different. and each plane is flying it. and you see what kind of breakthrough we're talking about . computer. one hundred. two thousand and six.

expect. technology. to competitive firms with cutting edge projects. and possibly. successful innovative business abroad and bring them home. from the famous silicon valley. this kind of center in russia. right now that's part of the project an

international city of science and technology over the next decade in all directions from just outside of moscow so the next time technology brings you a high tech success story it might just be born and raised right here in enjoy the right. that. is going to cover these. groups. to give them kind of conditions like. what we discussed with you when we were there. in order to develop. and this has to be done in russia immediately otherwise we would never you know breach. between because between. there is a huge gap and there is a development and i myself am a scientist very they don't understand how much.

question is that so much i was about to face until i was in the form of forgive a really incredible just the lord means getting some or selling christian rock jesus jeans and even jesus pill is this the right way to promote appreciate. wealthy british style. time. markets why not come to. find out what's really happening to the global economy with mike's concert for a no holds barred look at the global financial headlines tune into kinds

a report on our.

in india old geezer made

a big move to join people to the violence we do we go to the ground imperial. tours we're still. the ones who are told. to go. run to the colonel was her job as a retreat. took stories from aussies more power than admit pilot error and called last year's crash that killed a nation's president and high level politicians near smolensk but the findings also trying to shift some blame on russia saying it contributed to the accident. the greek bailout burden macy's spain gets a credit rating downgrade muted says and we worry that it's also among the key concern spreading the risk of contagion even fathom germany's refusing to sign black hole increases john problems. across the poems the u.s. senate has looked at the republican plan which has been approved by the house of representatives. in protest against poor living

conditions some are already drawing comparisons with the uprising that saw egypt's lead acid in february. as the headlines for you up next a look at whether it's divine inspiration. to drive the free market economy and cross-talk interest. if you can. follow in welcome to cross talk i'm peter lobo does the lord need marketing some

are selling christian rock jesus jeans and even jesus pills is this the right way to promote christianity in the twenty first century or is the new profitable nice for those who have nothing to do with face. you can. discuss christian marketing i'm joined by you and danding in london he is director of marketing and communications at the un denning marketing consultancy and in columbus we go to philip ross he's a pastor and author and another member of our cross talk team yell on the hunger all right gentlemen cross talk rules in effect that means you can jump in any time you want if i can go to you philip first. christianity is a message everyone would agree with that but are there wrong ways to deliver that message and i'm talking more specifically in this program business because christianity as a business is quite proud.