russian. made some of the first drives in constructing the incandescent lamps in the eight hundred seventy s. . filaments. inventor thomas edison introduced improved extended relatively short life of electric bulbs to forty. twentieth century the tungsten filament light bulbs still in use today were already emerging. at the end of the one nine hundred fifty s. and high pressure sodium street lighting in the sixty's compact stores. were pioneered in the seventy's and are still a popular option as we move towards energy efficiency. diodes may be seen in the ninety's with improvements in technology since then showing incredible flexibility and efficiency quite possibly making. the future. future

the big shots the octagon factory opening. clearly understood the positive impact of having the company on and she was joined by top level dignitaries and investors from moscow and beyond it's a project that state high tech corporation is happy to throw its weight behind. in the field. in fact. all of this physical technical institute. for fundamental physics and cutting edge technology since the days of its founder. train the ranks of top nuclear scientists also begin work. underpins

virtually all modern electronics. was one of the institutes in the field of semiconductor physics and of today's elite d.'s. were developed. twenty. of. the end of the nine hundred sixty s. we saw the appearance of d.s. based on a three semiconductor drug that was in the late one nine hundred sixty. is the next generation know how to develop students and what we see here demonstrates how fast changing both in scientific and technological terms and also in terms of the top rate equipment racing here. top managers. of students in the same mid ninety's graduate class and while the optoelectronics

department gave them the best of foundations they were completing their studies at a time of difficult transition for the russian scientific community. at the beginning of. our economy facing a dramatic evil due to disastrous reforms by the government i mean they were carried out in a callous way and russian science found itself in a difficult situation we could not have survived maintained scientific potential international collaboration. founders were part of a generation of innovative entrepreneurs seeking the elusive startup conditions in an era of uncertainty in fact much of the developed world was suffering an economic identity crisis in the late twentieth century not just in the collapsing socialist bloc german city of where the russian innovators eventually. it was no exception.

in the constant shift of the global economy the challenge on everyone's minds is to rethink and rebuild these spaces to compete in the high tech twenty first century. challenges with particularly in a city. just economy these pictures from the phoenix west a massive plant operated by the. along with other heavy industry installations. long before the mill was shuttered for good in one thousand nine hundred eight the economic. crisis. the future.

there is. by the way a. new facility. passed. in april two thousand and five. companies trying to take technology from. state in european union now hosting around twenty companies with over one hundred employees including many. years of experience

with a dozen friends and i do. you know the route in technology that needs to have access to global markets over the city there is a gap in between and don't want this to the perfect infrastructure in order to do the conversion of that technology into products where is the money to make a reality come from well basically it needs investors read but you know to get them this infrastructure in a high tech start up team to make a predictable conversion you have a timeframe of two the three years in order to convert technology to products and prepare the company in order to approach global markets that's exactly the kind of preparation. and his classmates turned business partners and up to gone were looking for when they came to dortmund and the incubator to help them take top quality optoelectronics technology into the market. originally was founded by. two my friends and classmates from university and myself and. he joined

us and he helped to move here to. this. company. and through the developed the main principles and basically team. creatives. today we have between ten companies. what exactly was it that opera guy needed to get their business off the ground ensure equipment diodes don't grow on trees to grow in every taxi all reactors able to rent top quality equipment in affordable rates and the m.s.t. factory in. generating that top quality sample made them an attractive investment to set up a full scale production here's how it's done production starts with a thin model crystal. and a process known as grow. placed inside

a special chamber the wafer is bombarded with various gases to form a multi-layered structure under specific pressure and temperature conditions the gases cause chemical reactions leaving layers of gallium nitride indium nitride and aluminum nitride on the way for surface each wafer will produce up to thousands of l.e.d.s. so a laser edging process cards out the individual chips contacts are then affixed each one to tiny l.e.d. chips are now ready to be placed inside the casement connected with gold wire the contacts and covered with the foster layer to convert blue to white light negative in positive charge currents meet in the active layer of the diode releasing photons in the form of visible light. technology while that energy efficiency really. recovering the innovation technologies and look to russia and we've talked to several groups of friends several financial groups and on the group

michael. much faster than others they realize the potential of the company and they simply bought it no main expertise and when cool. and ease inside at least a protection lives we found a way that we can grow material with the least dislike and defects to even leave us meaning that we can build chips with a more cost efficient technology delivering the same level of performance we are in a transition phase for all pilots going to factory who have here in germany. trying to establish an today in russia octagon is now busy calibrating their production lines in st petersburg to perfectly recreate the recipe they nailed down in dortmund it's a tedious process even on the prototype scale and now the expectations are far higher comes out of these machines is going not to showcase for potential. but to

meet the lighting needs of clients. to plan what advantages. for an equivalent amount of light up to go on projects it's. nearly ten fold and incandescence by fifty times meanwhile the l.e.d.s. will cut in half the energy usage of most c.f.l. and usefully ten times less like old school bulbs mercury pollution is a potentially serious problem with energy saving c.f.l. . toxic threat. completely. environmentally safe in russia. four hundred. people. in russia there is no such high penetration. so we see that in terms of the market size. it's bigger to. expect russian market to grow. and we see the

growth of the market for. a hundred percent a year and we expect it to continue. doesn't have to look. as this city of st petersburg is undergoing an l.e.d. overhaul. company is in charge of maintaining some one hundred eighty thousand lighting elements around the city that's a huge market for the new. currently power consumption. production plant that will produce. initially we intend to use to eliminate the city's. construction plan in the pipeline with new streets to be designed and built in two thousand and twenty thirteen so after we've done the pox we'll extend the replacement program to residential districts and then. transport rays in the

city as well as the embankments and. beyond their hometown up to gone is branching out to the far away russian republic of straddling the arctic circle in icy northern siberia energy efficiency is more than a slogan there since producing electricity in much of the region is expensive and heavily subsidized they also need new technology built to withstand their long brutal winter. what if you. work in temperature conditions like we have a lot of parts of russia. but integrated. cold country. that you need minus sixty degree. and this is a prototype here what's different about it i can't tell with the naked eye but tell

me a little bit about the technology i would say that right now you can buy minus a degree. in the market what we have to make those high end. new. design is definitely a big part of the heavily competitive game since other companies outside of russia have already been on the market for years octagon has to show the ability to meet customer specific demands like to temperature standards and it's all about better lighting solutions ever lower costs definitely it's like more economical light. today. but in four years. like. one. and it means that it will for

real white population. now that kind of skill consumer base is a bit beyond our grasp even if you think this land or street in industrial lighting would be great for your garage you might balk when you saw the three hundred dollars price tag up to gun works on driving down the cost of chip production somebody needs to tackle the issue of bold design before i'm sold on switching over to. the fortunately the creative minds that more deliberative studios are already on the case moscow's hip is designed squad is constantly coming up with new ways to merge high tech function with the fashionable for their blueprints a behind the futuristic prototype octagon screw in a light pole. what was the main challenge that you guys had to overcome in making these plans obviously the technology is quite and there's still some issues to solve the biggest one the problem of couldn't don't use

a lot of heat so we have to design a very good. is that what this thing is for it here yeah it's like. the theme we just came out for the market three years ago and it's just a standard solution but we like to change it and make it more effective and we got inspired by nature because if you look at some great stuff like mushrooms for example that apes they're just like the new wave in up and go and we've created the same the same similar stuff here and. extend the capacity and space and. to make the process more effect from a purely design perspective from an artistic perspective. do you like working with bulbs that need a radiator this clunky like when i look at this i see mostly radiator very little ball and. you don't get light maybe as much coming down this direction are you

looking at ways to completely redo the lighting so that you don't have to have such a bulky radiator industry itself is very rapidly changing day by day i think maybe even up to one year will have. a different look so what then is the future of this kind of design a look like mentioned. small and small and for example they can technology which is called slide engine and physically it's a very very tiny. thing. and by implementing that. you know the common you could create any shape whatever you want. but some of the designs may seem a bit frivolous a first glimpse but we're talking about a far more flexible lighting future where we can ditch traditional shapes in the name of variety added bit of color to just about anything and replace old school single function buttons with tiny. multiplying the devices possibilities another

reader for cation is in the automobile lighting and the be a hybrid by russian billionaire this month is literally hoping to invent the wheel . full scale production sometime in two thousand and twelve. with all the latest gadgets for the urban commuter. nixon group backs both octagon in the new car company so it's no wonder he understood the advantages of that product from st peters and google which is when you first of all the use of lie to me. para consumption compared to traditional lamps and secondly no less important the extended lifespan basically. is just to simplify because optics lowering costs by saving one hundred season features. you'll be all has company here as the world's leading luxury sports car makers head see. the light about the lamps in recent years as well as the bang for

the buck you can expect to encounter more l.e.d.s. on the road. technology is finding applications everywhere these days even. but it's just the tip of the iceberg. there are more innovations on the way from the same st petersburg scientists upstairs from. the factory offices of the russian company. while their classmates and. industry. to their scientific work on semiconductor physics. international team to become one of the world's leaders in technology. to complete production cycle beginning here with molecular. and finishing with a range of packaged products. laser chips and fiber laser modules for use in industrial and communications technology.

research is from the physical technical university where we worked in the laboratory of. a. private company here in germany we managed to secure a significant. company other implications produces millions of chips for the medical. research to create a unique to be used in the industry of optical computer interconnections. different place now. the. project. was a proposal to set up production facilities. something unique. the technology

is referring to is called quantum dots. where his company is among the global elite quantum dots or confined semiconductor crystals with unique electronic optical properties first discovered in the one nine hundred eighty s. by physicists. quantum dots are great advantages in laser applications. for more amplitude and. extremely low relative noise these properties. benefits. on the bases of a company's latest invention we will be able to make a chip that will transmit many channels through a single. move and one hundred gigabits. it will help replace the both. that you see everywhere today just

a few. energy consumption several dozen times in the maintenance costs many hundred times so it. think of the. data coming out of your computer on a highway today the options are basically either building a new road. or waiting in traffic with the other data. adding lanes to the same highway sending information on the same fiber using several different. wavelengths and to that effect each plane is flying in speed and you see what kind of breakthrough we're talking about multiply that by the scale of data. google facebook or amazon and you're redefining the world of cloud computing. one hundred data being set up every year around the world these are enormous factories for data processing.

project. it. right here. and this has to be done in russia immediately otherwise we would never you know cross the bridge between science and manufacturing it would be because between science and avoiding one it's true there is a huge gap there is a prototype development and scientist i myself am

a scientist they very often say don't understand how huge is this got. more news today violence is once again flared up. these are the images being from the streets of canada. showing up for a shelter all day. in

india oldies availability in the move to join the virtual villains the gateway goto

the grand imperial truly the george west coast coromandel you can the ones who are told. to go. run to see the colonel was her child as a treat. the accusations insignificant it's just. part of the blame. palin's political gains after it had made a pilot error caused the crash that killed the president and high level politicians but the report still thousand russia contributed to the accident also. we should have amputated greece from the euro zone long ago. may seize spain gets a credit rating downgrade spreading the risk of death contagion even further meanwhile germany refuses to sign black tracks on athens trying to bonds. and across the pond in washington the democratic controlled senate has rejected their

republican bill to increase the nation's borrowing limit which has been approved by the house of representatives in the way it does must reach a compromise by tuesday or america will default on its debt. plus thousands camped out in israel in protest against poor living conditions and some are already drawing comparisons with a tirade uprising that saw egypt i'll sit in fabric any. international news live from moscow this is. our thanks for joining us the polish committee investigating last year's plane crash that killed the country's president and ninety five others says pilot error was the ultimate cause of the disaster but the report also says russian air traffic control played a part. from. certainly the main highlight of this press conference was that

poland openly admitted that its crew of the crew of the airplane was the one to blame for the tragic plane crash which killed most of the country's political elite ninety six people including other presidential couples. in april of last year but still there was some controversy in that because many of circumstantial evidence was named in some experts believe that this report was used by the commission in some sense to. criticize russia and to shift some part of the blame on to russia this is what some experts have to say about that. i think we're now witnessing some political games to shift the blame from the polish side i was an expert in this commission and i was surprised to learn that the crew was chosen immediately before the flight so it should pool preparation for such a high profile flight but certainly most of the points voiced by the commission point. the flight crew at their inadequacy.