the main stories we're covering theme carried out today the top either effect democrat senate kills republican debt ceiling fan shortly after the snarly cost of house as u.s. default deadline looms. ultra conservative islamist overwhelm egypt's tahrir square demanding for me and boom in the wake of revolution spreading across the region israelis take to the streets to protest social justice. as number of

journalists in the us g creases the public relations sector grows rapidly something else in the victim of the trend will be democracy. coming up next it's technology update exploring the scientific breakthroughs that bring the future closer. i. wish to. hello and welcome to technology update are you tired of paying those overblown electric bills at the end of each month this could be the answer you've been waiting for a lot of the energy and with it a lot of the harder and caskets burn out by crummy old incandescent light bulbs but what if i could get you a lot more light and waste way less wattage in the process and up and coming russian companies just open

a huge new production facility to help make that energy efficient dream a reality. doesn't need my sleazy sales pitch the high tech brainchild of a trio of russian scientists was born abroad and is now returned to russia because they've been on a shiny new factory at the l. streets of st petersburg aside from being a happy homecoming the l.e.d. assembly line launches a big step in russia's attempts to modernize its economy to go green at the same time. the capacity from an infection throughput is the highest or inodes of business today in russia countries and in eastern europe we can produce today said community. month. it's the. three hundred. believe he is the latest in a long line russians big and powerful made some of the first strides in constructing the incandescent lamps in the eighteenth seventies using carbon

filaments renowned american inventor thomas edison introduced improved filaments and extended relatively short life of electric bulbs first to forty then to over one thousand hours by the early twentieth century the tungsten filament light bulbs still in use today were already emerging fluorescent lamps appeared in the college and lamps at the end of the one nine hundred fifty s. and high pressure sodium street lighting in the sixty's compact fluorescents or c.f.l. some were pioneered in the seventy's and are still a popular option as we move towards energy efficiency gallium nitride light emitting diodes made the scene in the ninety's with improvements in technology since then showing incredible flexibility and efficiency quite possibly making l.e.d. the light of the future. it was that break you tried that brought out the big shots the octagon factory opening governor of st petersburg clearly understood the positive impact of having the company on her turf and she was joined by top level dignitaries and investors from moscow and beyond it's

a project that state high tech corporation is happy to throw its weight behind. this is one hundred percent. from the ground up on the fundamental level we can thank for his scientific contribution he won the nobel prize for his research in the field of hatred which is the basis of the light emitting diodes that have been produced hit. in fact there is one st petersburg academy at the root of all of this physical technical institute it's been a world class center for fundamental physics and cutting edge technology since the days of its founder of. not only did he in the faculty of the leningrad would soon . his name trained the ranks of the soviet union's top nuclear scientists they also begin work on semiconductors that underpins virtually all modern electronics. was one of the institute's bright stars in the field of semiconductor physics and a forefather of today's elite d.'s. semiconductor along to meeting

diets were developed as early as nine hundred twenty. russian scientists a leg loss of experimented with silicon called by. the end of the night and sixty's we saw the appearance of mold in the early d.s. based on a three d. fine semiconductor hitter instructions that was in late one nine hundred sixty s. and early one nine hundred seventy s. is acknowledging implemented of these facilities is the next generation know how developed by my students and what we see here demonstrates how fast this area is changing both in scientific and technological terms and also in terms of the top rate equipment racing here. to go on top managers might seem an abuse of lettuce loved to grow phenolics a coach were all of europe students in the same mid ninety's graduate class and walled off electronics department of goofy institute gave them the best of foundations they were completing their studies at a time of difficult transition for the russian scientific community. at the

beginning of the ninety nine to our economy facing a dramatic up evil to disastrous reforms implemented by the governments out i mean they were carried out in a callous way and as a result russian science found itself in a difficult situation we could not have survived can also maintained our scientific potential without international collaboration. two guns founders were part of a global generation of innovative entrepreneurs seeking the elusive start of conditions in an era of uncertainty in fact much of the developed world was suffering an economic identity crisis in the late twentieth century. not just in the collapsing socialist bloc german city of dortmund with the russian innovators eventually founder incubators was no exception. the world is full of rusting old industrial space fallen by the wayside in the constant shift of the global economy the challenge on everyone's minds is to rethink and rebuild these spaces to compete

in the high tech twenty first century. these challenges were particularly acute endured more of a city at the heart of the once mighty male logical complex and europe's largest economy these pictures are from the final days of phoenix west a massive plant operated by the steel giant crude that along with other heavy industry installations was the lifeblood of the city's well established working class long before the mill was shuttered for good in one thousand nine hundred eight the economic outlook was dark and. suffered from the crisis a lot of working places. they had to take a decision for the future what to do next what comes after. money and decided to focus on high technology and it's not that was the decision in eighty's and the result of this decision you can see here so. which is one of the.

technologies sent by the way. i think start up companies. would soon sign is an impressive new facility a far cry from the dreary dortmund of years past the doors opened in april two thousand and five. factories set up as a competent center for micro and nanotechnology startups with offices laboratory and clean room infrastructure for small companies trying to take technology from ideas to products it's just silly combines funding from the city state and european union now hosting around twenty companies with over one hundred employees. including many from russia so really what you see your own advice is basically the essence of eight years of experience already with a dozen friends russian i just thought it seems that you were rude in technology and that needs to have access to global markets obviously there's

a gap in between and the moment this rush my team's thought i had the perfect infrastructure in order to do the conversion of that technology into products where is the money to make that a reality come from well basically it needs investors right but you know to get them this infrastructure and enable the high tech startup team to make a predictable conversion you have a clear timeframe of two the three years in order to convert technology to products and prepare the company in order to approach global markets that's exactly the kind of preparation. and his classmates turned business partners it up to god were looking for when they came to dortmund into baiter to help them take tough quality off electronic technology to the market. a region that was founded by. two my friends and classmates from university and myself and played on earth myers who joined us and he helped to move from plug on here to door companies to sell it is

she'll put sells and made the company a media creation was he important and through this time developed the main principles and basically came to the final product we created it and we didn't include a we are between ten top companies on the level of performance so what exactly was it that opera guy needed to get there early did business off the ground ensure equipment light emitting diodes don't grow on trees big growing every tax your reactors are able to read top quality equipment at affordable rates and the m.s.t. factory in jordan after gun team could set about generating the top quality samples that made them an attractive investment to set up a full scale production here's how it's done. l.e.d. production starts with a thin model crystal leans sapphire wafer in a process known as epitaph. placed inside a special chamber the wafer is bombarded with various gases to form a multi-layered structure under specific pressure and temperature conditions the

gases cause chemical reactions leaving layers of gallium nitride indium nitride and aluminum nitride on the way for surface each wafer will produce up to thousands of l.e.d.s. so a laser edging process cards out the individual chips contacts are then affixed to each one of the tiny l.e.d. ships are now ready to be placed inside each casement connected with gold wire the context and covered with a foster layer to convert blue to white light negative than positive charge currents meet in the active player of the diode releasing photons in the form of visible light. technology energy efficiency like really. we're covering the innovation technologies and we look to russia and we've talked to several groups of friends several financial groups and on that same group i'm michael crocker of they will like much faster than others they realize the potential of the company and they simply bought it now means expertise and one core

vote. and inside of these a potential leads we found the way that we can grow material with the least this like asians and defects compared to even world leaders meaning that we can build chips with a more cost efficient technology delivering the same level of performance we are in a transition phase for a long while are going to factor in who have germany. going to had strong evolution today in russia the gun is now busy calibrating their production lines in st petersburg to perfectly recreate the recipe de mille down in dortmund it's a tedious process even on the prototype scale and now the expectations are far higher comes out of these machines is going not to showcase for potential investors but to meet the lighting needs of clients so it all goes to plan what advantages can their elegies offer for an equivalent amount of light octagon projects its.

last c.f.l. is nearly ten fold and incandescents by fifty times meanwhile the l.e.d.s. will cut in half the energy usage of most c.f.l. zx and usefully ten times less like tricity then old school bulbs mercury pollution is a potentially serious problem with energy saving e.c.f. ells l.e.d.s. ovoid that toxic threat elegies completely. environmental safety in russia from next year from january first we have a ban four hundred watt incandescent bulbs like other people do as well you're a california but in russia there is no such high penetration of those so we see that in terms of the market size. directly placement of incandescent bulbs. it's bigger. so that's why this is that we expect russian market to grow even faster and we think we see the growth of the market for thirty three like in russia from seventy to one hundred percent a year and we expect the standards that you can choose not to gun doesn't have to

look too far for customers is the city of st petersburg is undergoing an l.e.d. overhaul. just how companies in charge of maintaining some one hundred eighty thousand lighting elements around the city that's a huge market for the new l.a. d.c. i'm currently power consumption total several megawatts the opening of a major production plant that will produce the ladies and hopefully lights too will be a boost for us and paid is good you know initially we intend to use l.e.d.s. to eliminate the city's gardens and pocks there's also an ambitious new miscible construction plan in the pipeline with new streets to be designed and built in two thousand and twelve twenty thirteen. so after we've done the pox we'll extend the replacement program to residential districts and then move on to revamp the lighting for major transport entrees in the city as well as the embankments and other case sites beyond their hometown octagon is branching out to the far away

russian republic straddling the arctic circle when i see northern siberia energy efficiency is more than a slogan they're producing electricity and much of the region is expensive and heavily subsidized they also need new technology built to withstand their long brutal winter. what have you guys done to make l.e.d.s. still work in temperature conditions like we have a lot of parts of russia it was one of the chatter just mission madness was when we came to this market vertical integrated. understood russia as a very cold country and no where. there is a standard that you need minus sixty degree acquired with a need of throwing as we should use of the devices so we know. to develop a lot of special electronics cost effective for the client. to conscious and this is a prototype here what's different about it i can't tell with the naked eye but tell me a little bit about the technology i would say that right now you can buy mine a sixty degree in it is about the extremely expensive so it's not like

a commodity product in the market what we have to make those high end products. and you know. quite a lot it's totally new to us just zine is definitely a big part of the heavily competitive game since other companies outside of russia have already been on the market for years octagon has to show the ability to meet him or specific demands like the temperature standards and it's all about better lighting solutions ever lower costs definitely it's like more economical light you pay less after you. today it's still quite high from two to five six years the point in implication but in four years look. like means that the. white population are now that kind of mass scale consumer base is

a bit beyond our grasp even if you think this land or street in industrial lighting would be great for your garage you might balk when you saw the three hundred dollars price tag octagon works on driving down the cost of chip production somebody needs to tackle the issue of cold design before i'm sold on switching over to. the fortunately the creative minds that hard limit of studios are already on the case moscow's hippest design squad is constantly coming up with new ways to merge high tech function with the fashionable for their blueprints or behind a futuristic prototype octagon screw in l e d. y. it was the mean challenge that you guys had to overcome in making these plans obviously energy technology is quite advanced now but it still goes some issues to solve the biggest one ease the problem of couldn't don't because it produce the lot of heat so we have to design a very good. radiator is that what this thing is for here yeah it's like

well the theme we just came out for the market maybe three years ago and just the standard solution but we like to change it and make it more effective and we got inspired by nature because if you look at some of their stuff like mushrooms for example they're apes they're just late because a new wave in up and go in and we create the same the same similar stuff here and the book helps to extend their capacity and space around and. to make the cooling process more effect from a purely design perspective from an artistic perspective. do you like working with bulbs that need a radiator this clunky like when i look at this i see mostly radiator very little ball and you don't get light maybe as much coming down this direction are you looking at ways to completely redo l.e.d. lighting so that you don't have to have such a bulky radiator industry itself is very rapidly changing day by day i think maybe

even after one year we will have another design be folks a little different look so what then is the future of this kind of design to look like they're you mentioned at the deeds self getting smaller and smaller and for example they came a bit news and technology which is called slide engine and physically it's a very very tiny ensley been adamant and they implemented that but not you know the common you could trade any shape whatever you want really looking forward to some of the designs may seem a bit frivolous to first glance but we're talking about a far more flexible lighting future where we can. to traditional shapes in the name of variety add a bit of color to just about anything and replace old school single function buttons with tiny l.e.d. screens multiplying the devices possibilities another arena for l.e.d.s. allocation is in the automobile lighting and they will be a hybrid by russian billionaire this month is literally hoping job reinvent the

wheel set for full scale production sometime in two thousand and twelve the economy cars are trimmed with all the latest gadgets for the urban commuter could have said nixon who backs both octagon in a new car company so it's no wonder he understood the advantages of that product from st peter's literatures of the first of all the use of lights in the. help system patton sumption competitor additional lamps and secondly no less important they standard lifespan basically running as long as you can. also the use of l e d's allowed us to simplify because up to six lowering costs by saving in high precision features. to move the o. has company here as the world's leading luxury sports car makers had seen the light and believe the lamps in recent years as well as the bang for the buck gets better you can expect to encounter more l.e.d.s. on the road. as you can see the technology is finding applications everywhere these

days even up your own living room but it's just the tip of the op electronics iceberg back in the dorm an incubator there are more innovations on the way from the same team of st petersburg scientists upstairs from octagons launching pad to the factory offices of the russian company. while their classmates and former colleagues trying their nation the well known l.e.d. industry in a human being even deeper into their scientific work on semiconductor physics they've assembled an international team to become one of the world's leaders in laser diode technology endured when they've set up a complete production cycle beginning here with molecular beam epa txi and. finishing with a range of packaged products their output includes wafers laser chips and fiber coupled laser modules for use in industrial medical and communications technology. in two thousand and three it seem of a chilling research just from the physical technical university where we worked in the laboratory of the nobel laureates to wrestle fear of go to

a unique opportunity to set up a private company here in germany we managed to secure significant funds from investors and set up this semiconductor factory and now we are a successful company which among other applications produces millions of chips for the medical sector chips that help save human lives but also our enterprises some ongoing research to create a unique chip to be used in the industry of optical computer interconnections. certainly russia is a different place now with the establishment of the risto corporation. we've submitted a project to roost with a proposal to set up production facilities back home. and factory that will make chips using ellwood technology should be something unique for russia. the technology lou should says referring to is called quantum dot lasers and arena where his company is among the global elite quantum dots for confined semiconductor

neo crystals with collect trying to get optical properties first discovered in the one nine hundred eighty s. by russian physicist i see quantum dots for great advantages in laser applications other semiconductor heteros structures like quantum wells are harder to control for lasers quantum dot lasers require less current for more input to and has tested them at extremely low relative noise these properties have long been pure eyes now their benefits are on the verge of realisation. in the end on the bases of a company's latest invention we will be able to make a chip that will transmit many channels through its. and just move on one hundred gigabits per second. it will help replace the both tivo inches of cables that you see everywhere today just a few fibers. concussed energy consumption by several dozen times and the maintenance costs by many hundred times so if. you think of it this way

all the data coming out of your computer gets on highway today the options are basically either building a new road here another cable or waiting in traffic with the other data. home lazer proposes adding lanes to the same highway sending information on the same pipe or using several different non-interfering wavelengths add to that the fact that each plane is flying it bought a bond speed and you see what kind of breakthrough we're talking about multiply that by the scale of data in info heavy terms like google facebook or amazon and you're redefining the world of cloud computing. there are some one hundred data centers being set up every year around the world these are enormous factories for data processing consuming a huge amount of energy. in two thousand and six the data processing industry two percent of electric energy production in the united states that's a huge number so our company expects to revolutionize the optical interconnect

industry in the near future with research and development and production sites in germany the united states and russia. so obviously the right conditions for a top russian are to electronics technologies to develop have been set up in jordan to competitive firms with cutting edge projects are already out on the market and possibly more on the way they build successful innovative business abroad and now want to bring them home what's the magic formula in misty factory is built on a model that's worked in high tech development in production clusters all over the world from the famous silicon valley to taiwan in southeast asia so we're. the time come to build up this kind of center in russia the resoundingly answer from moscow right now that's the idea at the heart of the skolkovo project an international city of science and technology set to fan out over the next decade in all directions from this spot just outside of moscow so the next time technology update brings you a high tech success story they might just be born and raised right here in still

then enjoy the right. i hope that school concept he's going to cover these pork to take scientific groups with ideas to give them kind of in kuwait or conditions like we've got it in a mist a factory what we discussed with you when we were there and set up a small manufacturing and all that to develop your health or your prototype and get custom traction and this part has to be done in russia immediately otherwise we would never you know cross the bridge between science and manufacturing would be because between science and high volume infection there is a huge gap there is a prototype development and scientist i myself am a scientist and very often they don't understand how huge the things get.

it used to be an ideal place for a holiday and the phone changed in a moment. the winds of war are still visible. the republic is not only relieved but also shaping the future. is today violence is once again flared up. these are the images the world has been seeing from the streets of canada. challenge for a shelter all day. home

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