now here in moscow now another plant result the u.s. debt crisis is going to the pause in the summit i would choose days deadline glazing the legislators will have to fall to avoid default. as inspectors have gathered for the annual modulus dania gives once again goes down wages will not prevail some say tightening a blind eye and insults maintains the need to more tragedies similar to what he did

. on israel's bracing itself for the bigots protests rallies in their. government demonstrations in the country of jordan comparisons with the arab spring uprising i'm not see on aussies. any scientific breakthroughs that win the future playsets i have. hello and welcome to technology update are you tired of paying those overblown electric bills at the end of each month this could be the answer you've been waiting for a lot of the energy and with that a lot of the harder and cash gets burned by crummy old incandescent light bulbs but what if i could get you a lot more light and waste way less wattage in the process and up and coming

russian companies just open a huge new production facility to help make that energy efficient dream a reality. doesn't need my sleazy sales pitch the high tech brainchild of a trio of russian scientists was born abroad and is now returned to russia to cover it in on a shiny new factory at the outskirts of st petersburg aside from being a happy homecoming the l.e.d. assembly line launches a big step in russia's attempts to modernize its economy to go green at the same time. the capacity to manufacture and throughput is the highest or inodes of business today in russia and china is countries and in eastern europe we can produce today thirty million. a month. it's. three hundred seventy five. l.e.d. is the latest in a long line russians big and powerful made some of the first strides in

constructing the consistent lamps in the eight hundred seventy s. using carbon filaments renowned american inventor thomas edison introduced improved filaments and extended relatively short life of electric bulbs first to forty then to over one thousand hours early twentieth century the tungsten filament light bulbs still in use today were already emerging fluorescent lamps appeared in the thirty's college and lamps at the end of the one nine hundred fifty s. and high pressure sodium street lighting in the sixty's compact fluorescents or c.f.l. were pioneers in the seventies and are still a popular option as we move towards energy efficiency gallium nitride light emitting diodes may be seen in the ninety's with improvements in technology since then showing incredible flexibility and efficiency quite possibly making l.e.d. the light of the future. it was that bright future that brought out the big shots the octagon factory opening governor of st petersburg clearly understood the positive impact of having the company on her and she was joined by top level

dignitaries and investors from moscow and beyond it's a project that state high tech corporation is happy to throw its weight behind. this is one hundred percent. from the ground up on the fundamental level we can thank. for his scientific contribution he won the nobel prize in the field of hatred. produced it. in fact there is one st petersburg academy at the root of all of this physical technical institute it's been a world class center for fundamental physics in cutting edge technology since the days of its founder of. not only did he in the faculty of the leningrad would soon . there is name train the ranks of disobedience top nuclear scientists they also begin work on semiconductors that underpins virtually all modern electronics. was one of the institute's bright stars in the field of semiconductor physics and if

you were father of to be nice. to long to meeting diets we developed in twenty years. russian scientists. experimented with silicon called. the end of the night and sixty's we saw the appearance of d.s. based on a three eighty five semiconductor hit restrictions that was in late sixty's and early one nine hundred seventy s. this acknowledging implemented these facilities is the next generation know how developed by my students and what we see here demonstrates how fast this area is changing both in scientific and technological terms and also in terms of the top rate equipment operating here. to go on top managers maxime the flood is slow growth and how it's a coach we're all off your students in the same mid ninety's graduate class and walled off electronics department your fiancée to give them the best of foundations they were completing their studies at

a time of difficult transition for the russian scientific community. at the beginning of the ninety's our economy faced a dramatic up evil due to disastrous reforms implemented by the government i mean there were carried out in a callous way. russian science found itself in a difficult situation we could not have survived maintained our scientific potential without international collaboration. founders were part of a global generation of innovative entrepreneurs seeking the elusive start of conditions in an era of uncertainty in fact much of the developed world was suffering an economic identity crisis in the late twentieth century. not just in the collapsing socialist bloc german city of jordan where the russian innovators eventually founder into was no exception. the world is full of rusting old industrial space fallen by the wayside in the constant shifts of the global economy

the challenge on everyone's minds is to rethink and rebuild these spaces to compete in the high tech twenty first century. these challenges were particularly acute endured more a city at the heart of the once mighty male logical complex and europe's largest economy these pictures are from the final days of felix west a massive plant operated by the steel giant crude that along with other heavy industry installations was the lifeblood of the city's well established working class long before the mill was shuttered for good in one thousand nine hundred eight the economic outlook was dark and it. suffered from the crisis a lot of working places have. had to take a decision to do for the future to do next what comes off the street. and decided to focus on high technology and it's not that was a decision in eighty's and the result of this decision you can see here so. which

is one of the incubators on a rooftop of technology center by the way is also home of high tech startup companies. would soon sign is an impressive new facility a far cry from the dreary dortmund of years past with doors opened in april two thousand and five and the factory is set up as a competent center for micro and nano technology startups with offices laboratory and clean room infrastructure for small companies trying to take technology from ideas to products if you silly combines funding from the city state and european union now hosting around twenty companies with over one hundred employees. including many from russia so really what you see here in that white board is basically the essence of eight years of experience already very good with the russian friends russia my dishonesty. you know the root in technology and that needs to have access to global markets over the city there is

a gap in between and the moment this rest my teams find the perfect infrastructure in order to do the conversion of that technology into products where is the money to make a reality come from well basically it needs investors right but you know to get them this infrastructure and even the high tech startup team to make a predictable conversion you have a clear timeframe of two the three years in order to convert technology to products and prepare the company in order to approach global markets that's exactly the kind of preparation. and his classmates turned business partners it up to god were looking for when they came to dortmund and to help them take tough quality off the electronic technology to the market. up the gun originally was founded by. two my friends and classmates from university and myself and later on very smart he joined us and he helped to move the gun here could or companies to sell it is. the company

made a creation was here and through this time developed the main principles and basically came to the final product we've created that elegant today we are between temple companies on the level of performance so what exactly was it that opera guy needed to get there l e d business off the ground insured equipment light emitting diodes don't grow on trees growing at the casio reactors able to read top quality equipment in affordable rates and the m.s.t. factory in jordan the after gun team had said about generating that top quality sample it made them an attractive investment to set up a full scale production here's how it's done. production starts with a thin model crystal lean sapphire wafer and a process known as epitaphs you'll grow placed inside a special chamber the wafer is bombarded with various gases to form a multi-layered structure under specific pressure and temperature conditions the

gases cause chemical reactions leaving layers of gallium nitride indium nitride and aluminum nitride on the way for surface each wafer will produce up to thousands of l.e.d.s. so a laser edging process cards out the individual chips contacts are then affixed to each one of the tiny l.e.d. ships are now ready to be placed inside the casement they are connected with gold wire the contacts and covered with a foster layer to convert blue to white light negative than positive charge currents meet in the active layer of the diode releasing photons in the form of visible light. not acknowledge it rolled energy efficiency about like really. recovering the innovation technologies and look to russia and we've talked to several groups of friends several financial groups and on the group from michael crocker of they will like much faster than others they realize the potential of the company and they simply bought it now means expertise and one core. and inside

of these the protection lives we found the way that we can grow material with the least gifts like asians and defects to even world leaders meaning that we can build chips was a more cost efficient technology delivering the same level of performance we are in a transition phase for a while of going to factory who have here in germany. trying to do in russia begun is now busy calibrating their production lines in st petersburg to perfectly recreate the recipe de mille down in georgia but it's a tedious process even on the prototype scale and now the expectations are far higher comes out of these machines is going not to showcase for potential investors but to meet the lighting needs of clients so if all goes to plan what advantages can there l.b.s. offer for an equivalent amount of light octagon projects its. last c.f.l.

is nearly ten fold and incandescents by fifty times meanwhile the l.e.d.s. will cut in half the energy usage of most c.f.l. zx and usefully ten times less like tricity then old school bulbs mercury pollution is a potentially serious problem with energy saving e.c.f. ells l.e.d.s. ovoid that toxic threat elegies completely and environmentally safe in russia from let's hear from january first we have a band four hundred watt incandescent bulbs like other people do as well. but in russia there is no such high penetration of those so we see that in terms of the market size. directly place an incandescent bulb. it's bigger compared to europe so that's why this is that we expect russian market to grow even faster and we think we see the growth of the market for thought and russia from seventy to one hundred percent a year and we expect this tendency to continue. to gun doesn't have to look too far

for customers is the city of st petersburg is undergoing an l.e.d. overhaul. just not knowing how companies in charge of maintaining some one hundred eighty thousand lighting elements around the city well that's a huge market for the new. currently power consumption total several megawatts opening of a major production plant that will produce and hopefully lights to will be a boost for some pages good luck you know rick you initially we intend to use the ladies to eliminate the city's gardens and. there's also an ambitious new simple construction plan in the pipeline with new streets to be designed and built in two thousand and twelve twenty thirteen. so after we've done the parks we'll extend the replacement program to residential districts and then move on to revamp the lighting for major transport raise in the city as well as the embankments and other case sites beyond their hometown octagon is branching out to the far away russian

republic of straddling the arctic circle in icy northern siberia energy efficiency is more than a slogan they're producing electricity and much of the region is expensive and heavily subsidized they also need new technology built to withstand their long brutal winter. what have you guys done to make at least they'll work in temperature conditions like we have a lot of parts of russia was one of the challenges for mad was when we came to this market and became a great if we just understood russia is a very cold country and nobody in russia there is a standard that you need minus sixty degree acquirement for throwing if you use their devices so we know. to develop a local special if they want it's cost effective for the koreans. over the threshold to conscious and this is a prototype here what's different about it i can't tell with the naked eye but tell me a little bit about the technology i would say that right now you can buy minus sixty degree in a minute is about they extremely expensive so it's not like

a commodity product on the market what we have to make those high end products more come with a new combinations and new design a new case in. the chain on and off and sold quite a while it's totally new to us just zine is definitely a big part of the heavily competitive game since other companies outside of russia have already been on the market for years to gone has to show the ability to meet customer specific demands like the temperature standards and it's all about better lighting solutions ever lower costs definitely it's like more economical light you pay less after you put your lamp and you get your payback period today it's still quite high from two to five six years. but in four years look like a four year run here compared to a source of like means that a tube acceptable for white population are now that kind of mass scale consumer

base is a bit beyond our grasp even if you think this land or street in industrial lighting would be great for your garage you might balk when you saw the three hundred dollars price tag so well octagon works on driving down the cost of chip production somebody needs to tackle the issue of bolt design before i'm sold on switching over to. the fortunately the creative mindset hard limit of studios are already on the case moscow's hip is designed squad is constantly coming up with new ways to merge high tech function with the fashionable for their blueprints or behind a futuristic prototype octagon screw in l e d. y. was the mean challenge that you guys had to overcome in making these lines obviously edited knowledge is quite advanced but it's still got some issues to solve the biggest one is the problem of couldn't don't use the laws of heat so we have to design the very good. read into is that what this thing is for here

it's like. the theme which just came out for the market maybe three years ago and it's just the standard solution but we like to change it and make it more effective and we got inspired by nature because if you look at some of the stuff like mushrooms for example that apes there but just late because of the way of in up and go in and we create the same the same similar stuff here and the book help to extend their capacity and space around and. to make that cooling process more effect from a purely design perspective from an artistic perspective. do you like working with bulbs that need a radiator this clunky like when i look at this i see mostly radiator very little ball and you don't get light media as much coming down this direction are you looking at ways to completely redo l.e.d. lighting so that you don't have to have such a bulky radiator industry itself is very rapidly changing day by day i think maybe

even up to one year we will have another design be folks who live different look so what then is the future of this kind of design a look like are you mentioned at the deed self gets in small and small and for example they came a bit closer which is called slide engine and physically it's a very very tiny ensley been adamant and they implemented in there but you know the common you could trade any shape whatever you want really looking for but some of the designs may seem a bit frivolous to first glance but we're talking about a far more flexible lighting future where we. the traditional shapes in the name of variety add a bit of color to just about anything and replace old school single function buttons with tiny screens multiplying the devices possibilities another reader for l.e.d.s. allegation is in the automobile lighting and they will be a hybrid by russian billionaire this month is literally hoping to reinvent the

wheel set for full scale production sometime in two thousand and twelve the economy cars are trimmed with all the latest gadgets for the urban commuter could have said nixon who backs both octagon into a new car company so it's no wonder he understood the advantages of that product from st peter's little interest to first of all the use of light in the. help system patty consumption can paget's additional lamps and secondly no less important they extended lifespan they simply burning as long as you. want also the use of l e d's this to simplify because optics lowering costs by saving in high precision features. to move the old has company here as the world's leading luxury sports car makers head seen the light about l.e.d. lamps in recent years as well as the bang for the buck gets better you can expect to encounter more l.e.d.s. on the road. as you can see l.e.d.

technology is finding applications everywhere these days even up your own living room but it's just the tip of the electronics iceberg back in the dorm an incubator there are more innovations on the way from the same team of st petersburg scientists upstairs from octagons launching pad factory i don't offices of the russian companies you know well their classmates and former colleagues find their niche in the well known l.e.d. industry in a human being even deeper into their scientific work on semiconductor physics they've assembled an international team to become one of the world's leaders in laser diode technology in jordan they've set up a complete production cycle beginning here with molecular beam f a taxi. finishing with a range of packaged products their output includes wafers laser chips and fiber coupled laser modules for use in industrial medical and communications technology. and in two thousand and three it seem of a chung research is from the physical technical university where we worked in the

laboratory of the nobel laureates to wrestle fear of go to a unique opportunity to set up a private company here in germany we managed to secure significant funds from investors and set up this semiconductor factory now we are a successful company which among other applications produces millions of chips for the medical sector chips that help save human lives but also our enterprises some ongoing research to create a unique chip to be used in the industry of optical computer interconnections. certainly russia is a different place now with the establishment of the wrist on a corporation. submitted a project to roost with a proposal to set up production facilities back home. that's actually that will make chips using our technology which will be something unique for russia which you . know. the technology we should says referring to is called quantum got lasers and arena where his company is among the global elite quantum dots are

confined semiconductor nanocrystals with unique electronic an optical properties first discovered in the one nine hundred eighty s. by russian physicist aleksey team of quantum dots for great advantages in laser applications other semiconductor heteros structures like quantum wells are harder to control for lasers quantum dot lasers require less current for more amplitude and ileum has tested them at extremely low relative noise these properties have long been theorized now their benefits are on the verge of realized they should. on the basis of a company's latest invention will be able to make a chip that will transmit many channels through. single file. move in one hundred gigabits per second. it will help replace the both tivo inches of cables that you see everywhere today with just a few fibers also we can coast energy consumption by several dozen times and the maintenance costs by many hundred times so it. think of it this way

all the data coming out of your computer gets on a highway to davy options are basically either building a new road here another cable or waiting in traffic with the other data. home laser proposes adding lanes to the same highway sending information on the same fiber using several different non-interfering wave lakes and to that the fact that each plane is flying at bottom on speed and you see what kind of breakthrough we're talking about multiply that by the scale of data info heavy perm like google facebook or amazon and you're redefining the world of cloud computing. there are some one hundred data centers being set up every year around the world these are enormous factories for data processing consuming a huge amount of energy. in two thousand and six the data processing industry two percent of electric energy production in the united states that's a huge number so she expects to revolutionize the connect industry in the near

future with research and development and production sites in germany the united states and russia. so obviously the right conditions for a top russian oculus trikes technologies to develop have been set up in door to competitive firms with cutting edge projects are already out on the market and possibly more on the way they built successful innovative business abroad and now want to bring them home what's the magic formula and misty factory is built on a model that's worked in high tech development in production clusters all over the world from the famous silicon valley to taiwan in southeast asia so we're. well the time comes to build up this kind of center in russia the resoundingly answer from moscow right now that's see idea at the heart of the skolkovo project an international city of science and technology set to fan out over the next decade in all directions from this spot just outside of moscow so the next time technology

update brings you a high tech success story it might just be born and raised right here until then enjoy the right. i hope that school concept is going to cover these pork to take scientific groups with a deer's to give them kind of in kuwait or conditions like we got it in him a factory what we discussed with you when we were there and set up a small manufacturing in order to develop your alpha sample or your prototype and get custom traction and this part has to be done in russia immediately otherwise we would never you know cross the bridge between science and manufacturing between because between science and high volume and attraction there is a huge gap there is a prototype development and find just i myself i'm a scientist they very often they don't understand how huge is this get.

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