we'll. bring you the latest in science and technology from the realms. we go to the future of coverage. for the full story we've got. the biggest issues get a human voice face to face with the news makers. so

that the week's main headlines now if you. as a meteoric default crisis hurtles towards america all make less than forty eight hours on its mission before the impact is felt meanwhile washington's a biggest lender china decides the u.s. jeopardized global. polish productively polities caused last year's presidential plane crash in western russia amid concerns the politics played a pivotal role in the morsel based investigation. and the arab spring turns into israeli summer tens of thousands flood streets and squares in major israeli cities

demonic prime minister benjamin netanyahu undertakes urgent economic reforms. but next a technology update looking at energy conservation in the latest about it in the high tech world. hello and welcome to technology update are you tired of paying those overblown electric bills at the end of each month this could be the been waiting for a lot of the energy and with it a lot of the harder and caskets burn out by crummy old incandescent light bulbs but what if i could get you a lot more light and waste way less water in the process and up and coming russian companies just open a huge new production facility to help make that energy efficient dream a reality. doesn't meet my sleazy sales pitch brainchild of

a trio of russian scientists. and has now returned to russia to been on a shiny new factory at the outskirts of st petersburg aside from being a happy homecoming assembly line launches a big step in russia's attempts to modernize its economy and go green at the same time. the capacity. is the highest. in russia. and in eastern europe we can produce. it. we'll cover. a long line russian. made some of the first strikes in constructing the incandescent lamps in the seventy's using carbon filaments renowned american inventor thomas edison introduced improved elements that extended relatively short

life of electric bulbs. then to over one thousand hours by the early twentieth century the tungsten filament light bulb still in use today were already emerging. at the end of the one nine hundred fifty s. and high pressure sodium street lighting in the sixty's compact stores. were pioneered in the seventy's and are still a popular option as we move towards energy efficiency. diodes may be seen in the ninety's with improvements in technology since then showing incredible flexibility and efficiency quite possibly making. the future. future the big shots the octagon factory opening. clearly understood the positive impact of having the company on and she was joined by top level dignitaries and investors from moscow and beyond it's a project that state high tech corporation is happy to throw its weight behind.

in the field. in fact. all of this. center for fundamental physics and cutting edge technology since the days of its founder. train the ranks of the soviet union's top nuclear scientists they also begin work on semiconductors that underpins virtually modern electronics. was one of the institutes in the field of semiconductor physics and of today's. meeting. of.

sixty's we saw. be fine. we conducted. that was in the late one nine hundred sixty. is is the next generation know how developed students and what we see here demonstrates how fast this area is changing both in scientific and technological terms and also in terms of the top rate equipment racing here. top managers. of students in the same mid ninety's graduate class and while the optoelectronics department gave them the best of foundations they were completing their studies at a time of difficult transition for the russian scientific community. and the beginning of. our economy facing

a dramatic evil due to disastrous reforms implemented by the government i mean there were carried down to a callous way and as a result russian science found itself in a difficult situation we could not have survived maintained scientific potential with international collaboration. founders were part of a global generation of innovative entrepreneurs seeking the elusive startup conditions in an era of uncertainty in fact much of the developed world was suffering an economic identity crisis in the late twentieth century not just in the collapsing socialist bloc the west german city of dortmund where the russian innovators eventually found was no exception. the world is full of rusting old industrial space by the wayside and the constant shifts of the global economy the challenge on everyone's minds is to rethink and rebuild these spaces to compete in the high tech twenty first century. these challenges were particularly acute

endured more a city at the heart of the once mighty male logical complex and europe's largest economy these pictures are from the final days of phoenix west a man. operated. along with other heavy industry installations. long before the mill was shuttered for good in one thousand nine hundred eight the economic. crisis. they had to take a decision to do for the future. there is. so.

by the way a. new facility. passed. in april two thousand and five. trying to take technology. from the city state and european union now hosting around twenty companies with over one hundred employees including many from russia. obviously. this is. the perfect infrastructure in order to do the technology. come from

basically. this infrastructure in a. up to him to make a predictable conversion you have a clear timeframe move to the few years in order to convert technology to products and prepare the company in order to approach global markets that's exactly the kind of preparation alex and his classmates turned business partners and up to god were looking for when they came to dortmund and to help them take tough quality optoelectronics technology into the market. up the gun originally was founded by. two my friends and classmates from university and myself and. myers who joined us and he helped to move here to. this is. the company made was here and through this time developed the main principles and basically

came to the final loop created that elegant today we have between ten companies on the level of performance so what exactly was it that opera gun needed to get their business off the ground insured equipment light emitting diodes don't grow on trees big growing every taxi all reactors are able to rent top quality equipment in affordable rates and the m.s.t. factory in the octagon team could set about generating the top quality samples that made them an attractive investment to set up a full scale production here's how it's done production starts with a thin model crystal lean sapphire wafer and a process known as epitaph. placed inside a special chamber the wafer is bombarded with various gases to form a multi-layered structure under specific pressure and temperature conditions the gases cause chemical reactions leaving layers of gallium nitride indium nitride and aluminum nitride on the way for surface each wafer will produce up to thousands of

elite d.s. so a laser edging process cards out the individual chips contacts are then affixed to each one of the tiny l.e.d. chips are now. to be placed inside the casement they're connected with the contacts and covered with the foster layer to convert blue to white light negative and positive charge currents meet in the active layer of the diode releasing photons in the form of visible light. technology. recovering the innovation technologies and looked and we talked to several groups several financial groups and on the group. much faster than others they realize the potential of the company and they simply bought it no main expertise. and inside at least.

we found a way that we can grow material with the least disliked defects to even. mean that we can build chips with a more cost efficient technology delivering the same level of performance we are in a transition phase for all pilots. who have been in. trying. to gun is now busy calibrating their production lines in st petersburg to perfectly recreate the recipe day nailed down and it's a tedious process even on the prototype scale and now the expectations are. comes out of these machines is going not to showcase for potential investors but to meet the lighting needs of clients. to plan what advantages their l.e.d.s. offer for an equivalent amount of light up to go on projects to last see if ells nearly ten fold and incandescents by fifty times meanwhile the l.e.d.s. will cut in half the energy usage of most c.f.l.

and usefully ten times less electricity than an old school bulbs mercury pollution is a potentially serious problem with energy saving c.f.l. . ovoid that toxic threat. completely. environmentally safe in russia from next year from. four hundred watt incandescent bulbs like other people. but in russia there is no such high penetration of the so we see that in terms of the market size. it's bigger. expect russian market to grow. and we see the growth of the market for. one hundred percent a year and we expect. doesn't have to look. as the city of st petersburg is undergoing an l.e.d.

overhaul. companies in charge of maintaining some one hundred eighty thousand lighting elements around the city that's a huge market for the new. currently power consumption total several megawatts. of a major production plant that will produce and hopefully lights to. initially we intend to use to eliminate the city's gardens and. construction plan in the pipeline with new streets to be designed and built in two thousand and twelve twenty thirteen. so after we've done the pox we'll extend the replacement program to residential districts and then move on to revamp the lighting for major transport in the city as well as the embankments and. beyond their hometown optic on his branching out to the far away russian republic of straddling the arctic circle in icy northern siberia energy efficiency is more than

a slogan they're producing electricity in much of the region is expensive and heavily subsidized they also need new technology built to withstand their long brutal winter. what if you. work in temperature conditions like we have a lot of parts of russia. cold country. this is a prototype here what's different about it i can't tell with the naked eye but tell me a little bit about the technology i would say that right now you can buy. quite

a. competitive game since other companies. already been on the market for years to show the ability to meet customer specific demand. standards and it's. ever lower costs. for. the. kind of mass consumer base. even if you think.

you might. driving down the cost of chip production somebody needs to tackle the issue of design. creative minds that studios are already on the case. is constantly coming up with new ways to merge. with the fashion. behind the futuristic prototype. screw in a. while. was the main challenge that you guys had to overcome in making these lambs obviously did acknowledge is quite advanced now but there's still goes some issues to solve the biggest one ease the problem of couldn't don't because it's pretty use a lot of heat so we have to design the very good. read into is that what this thing is right here yeah it's like. the theme we just came out for the market maybe three years ago and it's just

a standard solution but we like to change it and make it more effective and we got inspired by nature because if you look at someone getting stuff like mushrooms for example that apes they're just like because the new wave in up and go in and we create the same the same similar stuff here and help us to extend the capacity and space around and. to make that cooling process more effective from a purely design perspective from an artistic perspective do you like working with bulbs that need a radiator this clunky like when i look at this i see mostly radiator very little ball and you don't get light maybe as much coming down this direction are you looking at ways to completely redo l.e.d. lighting so that you don't have to have such a bulky radiator industry itself is very rapidly changing day by day i think maybe even after one year we'll have another design beefed up sort of the different look

so what then is the future of this kind of designing a look like are you mentioned at the deed silva get in small and small and for example they came up to closure which is called slight engine and physically it's a very very tiny and sleek and thin element and they implemented that but not you know the common you could wait any shape whatever you want really looking forward to some of the designs may seem a bit frivolous it first glimpse but we're talking about a far more flexible lighting future where we can. to traditional shapes in the name of variety. to just about anything and replace. with tiny. multiplying the devices possibilities. and the. russian billionaire. is literally hoping to reinvent the wheel. sometime in two thousand and twelve. with all the latest gadgets for the.

new car company so it's no wonder he understood the advantages of that product from st peter's middle which is the first of the use of light to me. and secondly no less important. to simplify the. precision features. as company here as the world's leading luxury sports car makers has seen the light about the lamps in recent years as well as the bang for the buck you can expect to encounter more l.e.d.s. on the road. as you can see technology is finding applications everywhere these days even your own living room but it's just the tip of the iceberg.

there are more innovations on the way from the same. scientists. from. offices of the russian companies. classmates and. industry. even deep into their scientific work on semiconductor physics. international team to become one of the world's leaders in technology in the complete production cycle beginning here with molecular. and. finishing with a range of packaged products. laser chips and fiber laser modules for use. in communications technology. technical university where we worked in the laboratory of the. private company here in germany we managed to secure

a significant. company other implications produces millions of chips for the medical. research to create a unique to be used in the industry of optical computer interconnections. different place. the. project. was a proposal to set up production facilities. something unique. his company is among the global elite. confined semiconductor crystals. discovered in the one nine hundred eighty s. by physicists. quantum dots are great advantages.

for more amplitude and. relative noise. company's latest invention. one hundred gigabits. you see everywhere today just a few. hundred or so. think of the. data coming out of your computer.

today the options are basically. waiting in traffic with the data. to the same highway sending information on the same fiber using several different. and each plane is flying it. and you see what kind of breakthrough we're talking about. computer. one hundred. the world. in two thousand and six. that's a huge number. expect. future. production sites and.

conditions for. technologies to develop. to competitive firms with cutting edge projects. and possibly the way they build successful innovative business abroad and bring them home. over the world from the famous silicon valley to taiwan in southeast asia. to build up this kind of center in russia. right now that's part of the skolkovo project an international city of science and technology over the next decade in all directions from this spot just outside of moscow so the next time technology update brings you a high tech success story it might just be born and raised right here in enjoy the ride. that. he's going to cover.

to take scientific groups. to give them kind of conditions like. what we discussed with you when we were there. in order to develop. a prototype. and this has to be done in russia immediately otherwise we would never you know breach between science and manufacturing would be because between science and. there is a huge gap there is a prototype development and i myself am a scientist very often they don't understand how huge is this gap.

last time the close of team was in the cool gum region where men flock from all over the world to add a few centimeters to their self-confidence. this time our team goes to the amore region. for the gold rush still gets people hyped up. for an ancient tribe fights to save its culture. where cranes are protected in the first and only unofficial nature reserve. to the original. bush a close up on the r t. fifty. fifty. ft.