shows with exit polls suggesting that attend vice president alexander on the club is the frontrunner at the ballot was triggered by the death and was altered game but may lead the country has declared independence in the wake of song to say take home page three years ago. and right now it's going to show spotlight with host al green all in this shooting the twenty ten nobel physics prize winner constantine of assaultive talking about a revolutionary now know tech material he discovered and what technological benefits it could lead to. hello again to spotlight. on r.t. and today my guest is. six years ago two russian scientists in manchester discovered a revolutionary material called graphene last week they were awarded

a nobel prize in physics for what is likely to lucian ice. today. are packing their bags to collect their million pounds. is joining us. from england. born in russia is thinking of us all of his father was an engineer while his mother was a teacher after graduating with honors from the moscow physical technical university started work at a scientific research center in the in moscow two years later he moved to the netherlands breaking met another russian scientist on drug game and whose guidance he continues to work the do physicists later moved to the university of manchester in the u.k. to continue their research six years ago no less so a fun game discovered graffiti for which they were awarded the euro physics prize there to receive the world's most prestigious scientific award the nobel prize for

producing graphene which can rival silicon as a basis of computer chips so perhaps there's sense in letting silicon valley stay american but making griffin valley a more rushing creation at skolkovo. close to the sale of welcome to the show thank you very much for being with us. first of all have you already got yourself a tuxedo maybe you got one. and of the too much too many of our other problems. i would i would appreciate some advice ok. well the russian government as far as you know i'm sure is attempting to create a sort of a silicon valley here outside moscow well do you think it may be a better idea now to to to create a new graphene valley rather than

a silicon valley. from a graffiti is of called the a priority of words silicon valley would be you would require you to do you would know you have published a paper describing. describing your your your invention your work well five years ago right so. far five years what have you been doing since what where are you now with your research is it one hundred feet or is something else that was that was only the beginning what we showed in that paper is that we can produce this this material apparently. this material got so many fantastic properties that we were still styler in for the last six years i guess we're going to start it or people use are going to start it from for the next ten twenty or you or you or more years or so so you still are working on graffiti and the same on this is our

subject here so so you know moving you're not moving to be measured follow from the subject. online fortune can order and the main problem is that i guess the most interesting experiment is still ahead of us and of course this prize really. brings us a little bit behind on this in this rush so to get to those very nice experiments can you tell us what is this most. made experiment and frankly speaking for every single researcher it might be the type of experiments because there is this material or has a number of very different but very innocent properties the mechanical properties the optical properties the. electronic properties for me is the combination between mechanical and electronic properties which are the most interesting constantin you

easier said than a minute ago that you were in this in this paper of yours for which you got the nobel prize you said that you said i quote we can produce griffin but as far as i know you are not producing anything or you are interested in production or you just interested in research. while we do research on this material bugs in order to start our experiments we need to produce those samples first so of course the sample production reproduction of all this material is quite and portland's and very often the most important parts or for our research you said that you have to produce enough material for your research but one of your colleagues in the united kingdom i quote said in this age of complexity with the machines like the super collider these guys managed to get the nobel prize using just sellotape so. is it true did you really that's.

yes that's absolutely true and furthermore i guess a shipper sounds good eighty percent of researchers across the world who do graffiti and it's actually it's a it's a huge subject you know they but they still use this sort of tape and methods which you introduce introduced in two thousand and four and you also still use sellotape in your results yes. in most cases yes and like it in greek. you have a year do you have enough sellotape now or you still do you still have to do to pick pick pick it out out of garbage beds. room got an exclusive supply from a few companies ok now. why are you called garbage scientists you

know this label garbage scientists is it is it really because beer because you you pulled your first samples are the garbage bin or what is it. yes probably and i totally don't don't don't come although nobody tells us brave enough to say it's for me to to or phrase were totally totally foreign was being called like this it's an interesting story we were gods it is indeed rooted our colleague electioneer ski who was working with us at the time. during experiments on the way how he clean graphite in the throw in this cellar table with pieces of is a sort of graphite into the bin and basically what we've done we've picked a top and. made our first samples from from the last that so so you don't regard this nickname as being insulting to you now absolutely no i don't i don't care how

people call and ok now can you tell us when did you realize that what you were doing is really a revolution in physics did you ever realizing it. well. you see we are quite lucky you know. we can't afford to work result thinking about producing area lucian physics we can't afford to work just because we were really really like it and already the very first experiments are true which we do wish we had done it was was those samples made from those first tapes we realize that we have something extremely interesting in our hands and it took us to probably easier or you win more to get the fields graph and samples bods the interest in physics and you can see in the very.

first experiments ok how many people except you and game contributed to this graphene research because as far as i know usually one or two people get the nobel prize but actually it's a it's a company of like dozens of people is that the case with here. oh yes yes i will do that was a pool of great researchers of fantastic people who are doing those first experiments you see i don't think that. the prize is due in just on the merits of the one experiment so rouer doing very interesting physics over the over the whole all over the years. in that we we actually i especially want to to think of the morals of it in the gregorian who've been working with us for for quite a long time and. also have a great pool of from task to do students on poles dogs who from all over the world

with us but this science is now. is this the scariest so vast now that we rely you know experiments not on the on the on our results we do rely on the results of all the community and it is you know it consists of probably hundreds of labs across the world so are you going to split the million quid you hey going to get it yet is that it's well it's million dollars larry i i'm sort of so busy at the moment i didn't know or thought ports. of thought about this and really come hard here ok you are eager to cheer and now your colleague andrew again said i quote that graphene has all the potential to change our life the same way plastics did in the twentieth century so do you think

that the twenty first century will be there the the age of growth feed the age of game and know myself. oh yeah absolutely they're feeling changed our lives come completely dramatically so we've had fantastic time over the last years and we arrive to this small one which is which is quite good as well but seriously i think. it does have a great world potential we still don't realize. how large is this potential i don't want to speculate about a place in silicon or who is with graffiti there are far to more complicated questions than. the as a said already there are quite a few properties of this material which are unique the mechanical up to code electronic and it will find its applications. constantin never sold off the

nobel prize winner in physics this year spotlight will be back shortly right after the break so stay with us down to. twenty years ago the largest country in the two suitcases of those. cars had been trying. to teach began the journey. where did it take them. nearly a billion people in the world for knowing hungry every day. in the united states even our trash cans are filled with food you just have to go get it all of these perfectly good eggs because one was cracked didn't even get all over the other ones

just thrown away right and cheese from the german oh you clearly like the upper crust. from the dumpster at one am this morning three pm this afternoon on the grill the cake is made from and one doesn't dumpster egg whites. delicious breakfast for the family eggs and toast for about a week every year in america we throw away ninety six billion pounds of food. last time i was up teamed was in our little beach where the gold rush still gets people like stop. this time margi goes to cure old region. where the local government is giving power back to the people. where everyone will

be. turning their land into a just paradox well comes. to close up an arcade. welcome back to spotlight on al gore not in just a reminder that my guests today via satellite link from from manchester is constantin number still of the man who was awarded a nobel prize in physics this year. consensus well i know that you both you he you and great game the colleagues you have just mentioned telling us about your team most of them are russians and i know that you even work

of the so-called russian floor at the inverse manchester although about stories i lead by russians so you are a british citizens game as is a dutch citizen but did consider yourself still too good to be russian or or british or i dunno european a what do you think oh i i definitely consider myself russian. i'm british as well and we are of a lot to russian education to stare. and it sounds absolutely. but you chose to go to continue your work in england because what because the university you're in now gives you more research possibilities what else what if you compare well you already said in a couple of interviews that that the russian system of training in physics is the best in the world but after you're trained compare russian and european british

what are the differences. first of all let me tell you that it is absolutely normal practice that scientists grow from one lab to another to learn different techniques and obtain different skills i can tell you that if you go ph d. in holland for instance he warned be able to continue as opposed to over there because you would have to by law you would have to go away from the country ok there are some some some some researchers of course applied. was the the major difference or probably one of the one of the good things thing about. western system of science is its openness and so so easy to move from one university to to another and definitely help in transfer in the knowledge of the

skills and the dick knowledge or and it's it's it's one of the key issues in a more them science well president medvedev when he was speaking well a couple of days ago i think it was the national teacher's day was he was presenting awards to the best teachers in russia he he said a couple of words about you you and the game and he said well it's a pity that those russian guys actually got their prize working abroad and he said i would like to see more and more russian scientists working in russia getting the same possibilities the same fun the advantages and what do you feel the do you share the same concern with our president. i would say that you should you should do it more broadly i should say that we were in the in wide back to russia not only russian scientists but we should in the wide the best scientists. back to

russia and that that includes russian british or american who was science is very different mission is international and you always got a war always want to get the best result and the best results are produced by the best people and you cannot rely on one nationality only in this in this process you have to you master in white the best people as well the really mentioned result of brain drain from russia is that russian scientists are increasingly uncritically sighted in the world scientific press and in world scientific publications but since all these scientists are now abroad most of them are abroad does it mean that the younger generation of russian scientists would may not be as successful as you are. two points just toward moore's all the russian side his broad there are

hearing from past him for good scientists who work in russia that's i totally disagree with you on this point and second as i said already exchange of scientists is not about things that's absolute can or practice brain drain is nor is not of both in the berthing is the is no a real us promises that scientists are coming back to russia and so you should be sure russia got a fantastic school of science we should share it with the war but we also have to get something back from the war and we need to unwind best the best people and i don't think that. makes a big issue here constantin the russian government the kremlin has been pretty much obsessed by nana technologies over the last couple of years and many people

a journalist has been pretty sort of casting at there and now this obsession with nanotechnology do you think that investing into nanotechnology is really the right thing to do for the russian government today. well i guess as you probably misread all this all this initiative. you always need a big flag and i call the the main idea behind this is it is to invest to technology in general and it's the correct things of it will be absolutely wrong of course to invest into knowledge of knowledge and forget completely about micro technology and forgets about ataturk knowledge and concentrate only about on this ten minus nine preference. so invest in into college as long as it was was some science is is a perfectly good idea

e you said that you didn't even know the for the tell minutes ago the amount of the money you'll get within about prize does that mean that you are not at all interested in money and in business nature you are not at all you and your colleagues are not at all interested in the commercial a use of graphene of putting it into is into well real life into gadgets and whatever. well look what. you cannot tell it's also for my colleagues who have promised to lose who own companies which are we produce graphene who have nothing to do is that they those companies do do exist so some of my good friends and colleagues they do have some interest in in business . why we are interested in having a good time in the lab. if it involves creation new type of

devices from from graffiti we will do it so we are since we produced a prototype of liquid crystal display made of woman weirdo head of graph human body you are absolutely right it will be very extremely very boring for me to sit for here and try and sue. to make this this device work slightly better that will be towards me but that's an important part of or of jobs and you mentioned spending time having good simon the land which we should say it is that it is natural really written for her for in life tell us about it what is having a good time with your friends in the lab what do you do what do you mean by having a good time in the lab. ok don't take your honor. like picking up squash table and making make in first examples of graphene that's

fantastic time. making some new type of devices the fantastic zero four for me the best one is a device which you can produce. in the day you just got an idea where you will produce a device and you measure it in the room that's the the best one. and. any interested in arguments any unusual that's having a good time for us constantin this graphene as far as i understand it is a unique unique two d. material and material with unique qualities is it really unique is it one of a kind or there may be other materials with similar or even better qualities yet to come yet to be invented. oh yes absolutely that's and i'm a little bit concerned about this but we are so so much concentration on graffiti i

really would like to to look a little bit broader now but even the grafin by itself already it's gives us so much fun that it's hard to. go somewhere else but i'm sure and probably we would suspect how to do it there are other materials there reads worse similar interests and problems as well russian kids have have lots of sellotape and we call scotch one of their well whatever so we're where do we have to look for these new materials you said it may be other than graffiti which it what it is what does this do we have to look for it while we can you can think about combinations of graphene and some signals and that will that will produce your new material and like just put into will gather on three or three rough interns who gather and the it will be a new material or together so there are

so instead of using sellotaped to split graffiti you just put back or you just use some non the glue if you want to glue it back together so that's just one just i just corrine you ideas well last question i have read in the press that the military are already getting increasingly interested in your intervention have you heard anything about that do you think that can that get. this interest from from the side of the military can spoil your life make your life after. we were god i know if you guys from from the office of air force or us and from no research to the robber were nice guys and we do have funding from from them your goal for a conference you you see a top talk from from even told that you did the show you a performance of high frequency to the ministers and half of the screen is bland

because the say that it is its information so yes there is some. drive from. as well i hate what it is and it is. classified by. the reason a bottle for service which is which is doing more than most to buy a new three in the it goes thank you never soul of a russian russian scientist in manchester and no good guys would it that will need some help getting these coming couple of days inviting us to see though we sound so please give a hand those that can thank you very much for being with us and just to remind us that the country in the myself was our guest today and. will be back with more friends and comments on what's going on in and outside russia until then stay on party and take care.

to the. maximum velocity. maximum thrust. muslim efficiency. marksman come for. months a moment maneuverability most mediation decent to denmark's moscow's world famous here show on technology update here on r.g.p. we've got the future covered. as you know song was sixteen years old when he committed these murders that's not to say that song so it should not be punished for his crimes song is being punished no rational person can deny that song has been punished is being punished and will be on

a school. bus hours must be executed for the brutal crime committed this is a punishment this is not. a mention. wants to do. because we've been immersed know me whatsoever. how i didn't come here justice. can hurt the person. this time or this man. ronald martin. my thought is not.

try again this is all see the headline. nato bomb is not about the death is bunk a just such despite denials that lie that the safe assisting rebels hunted down they can hold this concerns grow of the security of the country's weapons of mass destruction and growing evidence of atrocities committed during the gulf and. russia has unveiled a draft u.n. resolution calling for syrian president assad to implement quickly reforms his purpose then oust and stop thinking of safe hands were they a position meanwhile thousands of people have once again taken to the streets the protest against that side regime with several demonstrations reportedly killed by troops. also new french austerity cuts of twelve then here and more top tight spots .