he was jailed for making recordings of hearings but claims courts are simply trying to gag him. and the republican looks to its newly elected president to rebuild the nation's economy which lies in ruin after years of struggling to maintain independence alexander will have his hands full as he leads the country through the next five years. those are the headlines on this saturday here are about half an hour's time my colleague is here but for now it's our spotlight team that meeting the captain of navigated. to you or to you one five four aircraft when all seventy two passengers were on board and the plane's engines failed in mid flight but still the pilot managed to save the day you're watching out. hello again to spotlight. on r.t.

. today my guest is. six years ago two russian scientists in manchester discovered a revolutionary material called graphene last week they were awarded a nobel prize in physics for what is likely to revolutionize engineering today. are packing their bags to collect their million pounds. is joining us via satellite link from england. born in russia is thinking of us all of us father was an engineer while his mother was a teacher after graduating with honors from the moscow physical technical university started work at a scientific research center in the in moscow two years later he moved to the netherlands breaking that another russian scientist on drug game and whose guidance he continues to work the do physicists later moved to the university of manchester

in the u.k. to continue their research six years ago no less elephant game discovered graffiti for which they were awarded the euro physics prize there to receive the world's most prestigious scientific award the nobel prize for producing graphene which can rival silicon as a basis of computer chips so perhaps there's sense in letting silicon valley stay american but making griffin valley a more rushing creation at skolkovo. of the sale of welcome to the show thank you very much for being with us. first of all have you already got yourself a tuxedo maybe you got one. and of the too much too many of our other problems. i would i would appreciate a midwife ok. well the russian government as far as

you know i'm sure is attempting to create a sort of a silicon valley here outside moscow well do you think it may be a better idea now to to to create new agrafena value rather than silicon valley. for me graffiti is of called the a priority of words silicon valley would be you would be quite we would you would know you have published a paper describing. describing your your your invention your work well five years ago right so. far five years what have you been doing since what will you now with your research is it one hundred feet or is something else that was that was only the beginning what we showed in that paper is that we can produce this material apparently. this material got so many from passing properties that we were

still stellar in for the last six years i guess we're going to start it or people use are going to start it forward for the next ten twenty or you or you or more years or so so you still are working on graffiti on the same on the serious subject here so so you know moving you're not moving to be measured follow from the subject . and one fortune can order and the main problem is that i guess the most interesting experiment is still had a farce and of course this prize really. brings us a little bit behind on this in this rush so to get to those were nice experiments can you tell us what is this most. made experiment and frankly speaking for every single research. might be their own type of experiments because this this material or has a number of very different but very innocent properties the mechanical properties

the optical properties the. electronic properties for me is the combination between mechanical and electronic properties which are the most interesting constantin you easier said than a minute ago that you were in this in this paper of yours for which you got the nobel prize you said that you said i quote we can produce griffin but as far as i know you are not producing anything or you are interested in production or you just interested in research. while we do research on this material bugs in order to start our experiments we need to produce those samples first so of course the sample production reproduction of all this material is quite and portland's and very often the most important parts or for our research you said that you have to produce enough material for your research but one of your

colleagues in the united kingdom i quote said in this age of complexity with the machines like the super collider these guys managed to get the nobel prize using just sellotape so. is it true did you really that's. yes that's absolutely true and furthermore i guess a shipper sounds good eighty percent of researchers across the world who do graffiti and it's actually it's a it's a huge subject you know they but they still use this. methods which you introduce introduced in two thousand and four and you also still use sellotape in europe. in most cases yes and like it in greek. you have a year do you have enough sellotape now or you still do you still have to do to

pick pick pick pick it out out of garbage bins room got an exclusive supply from a few companies ok now. why are you called garbage scientists you know this label guard these scientists is it is it really because beer because you you pulled your first samples are the garbage bin or what is it. yes probably and i totally don't don't don't know although nobody tells us brave enough to say to me two twenty phrases. totally totally foreign was being called like this it's an interesting story we were gods and indeed were looted our colleague alexa clearly who was working with us at the time. during experiments on the way how he cleaned graphite in the throw in this cellar table with pieces of thin pieces of of graphite into the bin and basically what we've done we've picked

a top and. made our first samples from from those that so so you don't regard this next day mad as being insulting to you now absolutely no i don't i don't care how old or people call and ok now can you tell us when did you realize that what you were doing is really a revolution in physics did you ever realise it. well. you see we are quite lucky you know although we can afford to work result thinking about producing area lucian physics we can't afford to work just because we were really really like it and already the very first experiments are true we wish we had done it was was those samples made from those first tapes we realize that we have something extremely interesting and you know how. it took

us to probably easier or you win more to get the because graph and samples bods the interest in physics and you can see in the very. first experiments ok how many people except you and game contributed to this graphene research because as far as i know usually one or two people get the nobel prize but actually it's a it's a company of like dozens of people is it the case with you. oh yes yes i will did it was a pool of great researchers of fantastic people who are doing those first experiments you see i don't think that. the prize is given just on the merits of the one experiment so rouer do in very interesting physics over the over the whole all over the years. in that we we. especially want to think

of the morals of it in the gregorian who've been working with us for for quite a long time and. also have a great pool of from task to do students and poles dogs who from all over the world with us but the way the science is now. is this this area so vast now that we rely you know experiments not on the on the on our results we do rely on the results of all the community and it is you know it consists of probably hundreds of labs across the world so are you going to split the million quid you hey going to get a ged is that. well it's million dollars leigh i. have so busy at the moment i didn't know or thought ports. of thought about this and really come hard here ok you're your teacher and

now your colleague andrew again said i quote that graphene has all the potential to change our life the same way plastics did in the twentieth century so do you think that the twenty first century will be there the the age of growth feed the age of game and know myself. oh yeah absolutely griffin changed our lives to come completely dramatically so we've had fantastic time over the last years and we arrive to this small one which is which is quite good as well but seriously i think it's. it does have a great world potential we still don't realize. how large is this potential i don't want to speculate about a place in silicon or who is with graffiti there are far more can complicated questions that. the as a said already there are quite

a few properties of this material which we are unique the mechanical teco electronic and it will find its applications. constantin the us sold off the nobel prize winner in physics this year spotlights will be back shortly right after the break so stay with us don't go. nearly a billion people in the world are knowing hungry every day. in the united states even our trash cans are filled with food you just have to go get it all of these perfectly good eggs because one was cracked didn't even get all over the other ones just thrown all the way up and cheese from the german elves clearly like the upper

crust. from the dumpster at one am this morning three pm this afternoon on the grill the cake is made from one dozen dumpster egg whites. and delicious breakfast for the family to make some toast for about a week every year in america we throw away ninety six billion pounds of food. the for.

welcome back to spotlight i'm algor knob and just a reminder that my guests today via satellite link from from manchester is constantin number still of the man who was awarded nobel prize in physics this year . consensus well i know that you both you. and ray game and the colleagues you have just mentioned telling us about your team most of them are russians and i know that you even work at the so-called russian floor at the inverse of manchester although about stories now that by russians so you are a british citizen game is a dutch citizen but did consider yourself still to did to be russian or or british were i don't know european a what do you think oh. i definitely consider myself russian. i'm british as well. of

a lot to russian education too. and that sounds absolutely. but you chose to go to continue your work in england because what. because the university you're in now gives you more research possibilities what else what if you compare well you already said in a couple of interviews that that the russian system of training in physics is the best in the world but after you trained compare russian and european british what are the differences. first of all let me let me tell you that it is absolutely normal practice that scientists draw from one lab to another to learn different techniques and obtain different skills i can tell you that if you got ph d. in holland for instance he was be able to continue as

a polls dog because you would have to by law you would have to go away from the country ok there are some some some some restrictions of course applied. was the the major difference or probably one of the one of the good thing for me about. western system of science is it's all pointless and so so easy to move from one university to to another and definitely help in transfer in the knowledge of the skills and the technology and it's it's it's one of the key issues in a more them science well president medvedev when he was speaking well a couple of days ago i think it was the national teacher's day was he was presenting awards to the best teachers in russia he he said a couple of words of a year to you and the game and he said well it's

a pity that those russian guys actually got their prize working abroad and he said i would like to see more and more russian scientists working in russia getting the same possibilities the same funding advantages and what do you feel the do you share the same concern with our president. i would say that you should you should do it more broadly i should say that. in the in wide back to russia not only russian scientists but we should in the wide the best scientists. back to russia and that that includes russian british american who else science is very different mission is international and you always get a war always want to get the best result and the best results are produced by the best people and you cannot rely on one nationality only in this in this process you

have to you master in white the best people as well the really mentioned results of brain drain from russia is that russian scientists are increasingly uncritically sighted in world scientific press and in world scientific publications but since all these scientists are now abroad most of them are abroad does it mean that the younger generation of russian scientists would may not be as successful as you are . two points trust toward more told the russian side is broad there are huge numbers of from past in from the good scientists who work in russia that's i totally disagree with you on this point and second as i said already exchange of scientists is not about things that's absolute can or practice brain drain is nor is not of wealth in the berthing is the is no

a real us promises that scientists are coming back to russia and shoot to be sure russia fantastic school of science we should share it with the war but we also have to get something back from the war and we need to unwind best the best people and i don't think that nationality makes a big issue here constantin the russian government the kremlin has been pretty much obsessed by nana technology over the last couple of years and many people a journalist has been pretty sort of casting at there about this obsession with nana to tell you do you think that investing into nanotechnology is really the right thing to do for the russian government today. well i guess you probably misread all this all this initiative. you always need a big flag and i call the the main idea behind this is it is to invest to

technology in general and it's the correct things are it would be absolutely wrong of course to invest into knowledge of knowledge and forget completely about micro technology and forgets about ethics in technology and concentrate only about on this ten minus nine preference. so what invest in technology as long as it was with some science is is a perfectly good idea you said that she didn't even know the for the ten minutes ago the amount of the money you'll get within about twice that that means that you are not at all interested in money and in business nature you are not at all you and your colleagues are not at all interested in the commercial they use of graphene of putting it into is into well real life into gadgets and whatever. well

look what. you cannot tell it's for also for my colleagues who have foremost to lose who own companies which are we produce graphene who have nothing to do is that they in the companies do do exist so some of my good friends and colleagues they do have some interest in in business. why we're interested in having a good time in the lab. if it involves creating new type of devices from from graffiti we will do it so we are instance we produced a prototype of liquid crystal display made of man we had over heard of graph you know you are absolutely right it will be very extremely very boring for me to sit for here and try and so. to make this this device work slightly better that will be

toward for me but that's an important part of or of jobs and you mentioned spending time having good time in the land which we should say it is that it is always well to really think for her for in life tell us about it what is having a good time with your friends in the lab what do you do what do you mean that having good time in the lab. ok don't take your own. like picking up squash table and making make in first examples of graphene that's fantastic time. making some new type of devices that's fantastic so for for me the best one is a device which you can produce. in the day and you just got an idea where you will produce a device and you measure it in the evening that's the. best one. any interested in arguments any unusual that's having

a good time. constantin this graphene as far as i understand is as a unique unique two d. material a material with unique qualities is it really unique is it one of a kind or there may be other materials with similar or even better qualities yet to come yet to be invented. oh yes absolutely that's and i'm a little bit concerned about this but we are so so much concentration on griffin i really would like to to look a little bit broader now but even the grafin by itself already it's gives us so much fun that it's hard to. go somewhere else but i'm sure and probably we would suspect how to do it there are other materials there reads worse similar interests and problems as well russian kids have have lots of cell

a tape and we call scotch one of their well whatever so where where do we have to look for these new materials you said it may be other than graffiti which it what it is what does this do we have to look for it while we can you can think about combinations of graphene and some signals and that will produce your new material and like just put into graph ins would gather on three or three there are few thousands who gather and the it will be a new material or together so there are so instead of using sellotaped to split grafin you just put it back or you just use some non the glue if you want to glue it back together so that's just one not just i just corrine you ideas well last question i have read in the press that the military are already getting increasingly interested in your intervention have you heard anything about that do you think that can that get. this interest from from

the side of the military can spoil your life make your life after. we were gods i know if you guys from from the office of air force us and from no research to the robber were nice guys and we do have funding from from down your goal for a conference you you see a toy talk from from even told they did the show you a performance of high frequency but in this instance and half of the screen is blank because the say that it is its information so yes there is some. drive from the three as well i hate what it is and it is. classified by. the reason a bottle for service which is which is driven more than most and by nearly three in the it goes thank you never still of

a russian russian scientist in manchester and no good guys would it that will need some help getting these coming couple of days inviting us to see their we sound so please give a hand those that you thank you very much for being with us and just to remind us that the fans in the us all it was our guest today and will be back with more press than comments on what's going on in and outside russia until then stay on party and take care.

wealthy british style sun it's a restaurant on. the. market why not gamble. find out what's really happening to the global economy cars report on.

libyan rebels are ready to storm gadhafi his hometown under a nato air shield in a desperate effort to find a fugitive colonel that is european governments start their own fight for the oil deals in the country. a drought for a solution duel is brew brewing at the u.n. security council as russia and the west propose to different approaches to tackle the escalating crisis in syria. a world war two veteran who's leading a campaign to expose corruption in british courts is losing his battle after after an appeal against a six month jail sentence is dismissed. and the republic of a posse all looks to its newly elected president to rebuild the nation's economy which lies in ruins south through years of struggling to maintain and dependants.