general you sure been a. big. part of. the marching. welcome back you're watching our show live from moscow these are the top stories leading rebels prepared to tap water of colonel gadhafi is last desert strongholds the town of bani walid that's after efforts to negotiate the surrender of the ousted leader is remaining supporters breakdown. russia says the u.n. must immediately call for all sides in the syrian conflict to stop the violence and starts talking the plea came after moscow condemned the recent sanctions which threatened to hurt the people more than the regime. and israel gives its security forces permission to fire at palestinian protesters in the west bank palestinians

are planning a march and an area in support of a bid for statehood at the u.n. later this month it's. all next on our team a look at the attempts to curb the ever growing pollution that is plaguing the world's oceans. he's. going to close the soup of the north or serve a good earth the soup. were perfect all these things know if you come through. your shopping you are no good for it.

just as the first place a cold in the stomach of a boot if you translate it to you in body size this will be the effort each in the stomach. to do. so in the past five minutes here in the concentrate i took a little walk around to see how many styrofoam cups i can pick up in five minutes what you see here is what six people would consume in a one week drinking coffee every day so many people think that their individual actions don't really have an impact but if you multiply this by the millions and millions of people that drink coffee in los angeles alone you can start to

understand how we see something like this in every single river every single creek everest single stream and los angeles behind me is compton creek it's one of the many streams that drains the los angeles area now this stream will go into the los angeles river and then out to the pacific ocean the purpose of this boat is to to get attention and get politicians get other schoolteachers get the public to look at us and listen to our story. listening to marcus and emma stories like being the most on the planet seas and taking the time to look. in the mediterranean alone there are three million tons of garbage drifting around and eighty percent of it is plastic. we don't think about it but the sea bed wasn't always covered with these often annoyed and crafting objects. we're

really the third generation to make massive use of plastics. all this is the result of sixty years of consumption. with class to colonize the sea. surface. a few meters down. and of the depth of one thousand meters. is all of this material will be down here for ages especially where it's really deep there's much less oxygen and no light whatsoever i mean those are factors which help break down the plastic so the stuff will be around for a few hundred years have you see a kind of loser dreams when you go really deep with on the one thousand meters for instance mr you imagine something mysterious and completely different and also when

you get down there and you see piles of plastic and rubbish it's just awful that was and is just so much a thing in the open and. the oceans are being stuffed with plastic. we're force feeding them. but there's something we haven't thought of. the count digested. the nets a fool but there's nothing miraculous about catch. this material has revolutionised on the arms today but at one price. what happens to plastic once it's in the ocean is really a new as we've always been told doesn't really have new effects on animals or humans. is one of the thinking herds of a professional cynic once you are in and you realize all the benefits that this

plastic material is bringing to the society and the quality of life you are convinced that plastic is fantastic and then you wants to explain that to everybody to prove that this product is not then or is that all as is providing quite a lot of marvelous things if plastics would be existing the resources for the planet who would steal everything that planets with leave would be totally exhausted thanks to the plastic which has been invented and this really speaking in the fifty's we have been able to produce so much material some of the products that we use every day.

but you just came back from a drive out to the desert to one of the aircraft boneyard pick up this cessna for a few hundred bucks now it's missing the wings is missing the engine everything else except for the fuselage this is ideal because it's lightweight it has the doors intact the windows are intact waterproof but will make it waterproof. marcus erikson is a dedicated militant against the last fifteen years he's been peddling alone americans rivets he's seen the pollution groups and it keeps growing. one day marcus had a dream so the whole world could care about the problem he hopes to mobilize the planet but so you can see is an old airplane mechanic sitting on fifteen thousand plastic bags. with the energy of

someone who is determined to change the world he setting out from two thousand five hundred mile trip will be no connection. so this is. over a thousand people schoolkids will cross the country of chicago have given us messages about the ocean and about plastics which we're going to take across the ocean and bring back and share with policymakers and try to get something done about this plastics issue. that's right yesterday but. this is the marine mammal center one of the biggest organizations of its time. thirty five years a thousand volunteers have constantly surveyed the beaches and didn't talk on the phone to help undernourished.

who over the years they've had to learn to deal with new kinds of. their death like having raised animals admitted to our facility with me until. we had. this in mind that was attached to her that came out of an elephant seal stomach we have a big black bear and that was wrapped around a sea lions neck we have. monofilament line that was wrapped around us here i am back as well inside of it now and then we had. crabs and string that was found wrapped around a bottle of a personal that actually i am doing for the species so it's very much of a concern. last night's don't stop fishing. there have been cases of strangulation inhofe of the species of seals and sea lions

. eighty species of whales have suffered incidents with plastic. plastic khamenei kill. and also suffocate. although the volunteers of the marine mammal center manage to save dozens of animals every year the vast majority are inaccessible. but we can see that it's very deep their biggest problem with something like this is this am male female she's going to grow some more and that entanglement vault and after of our occurred and of strangling her or stop her from being able to eat for all to find plastic items found in the sea come from what we throw away and land here is some of the first collateral victims three hundred marine species of victims of plastic.

twenty years ago young one from literally a dump siebert specialist started an experiment on siemens becoming species in northern europe. he wanted to know what they ate. a completely straightforward investigation. vocally but its results were a big surprise i look at the whole us and place there more or less by accident because in the early ninety's i found more blessed states and at that time stuff i didn't know it all and in the stomachs which later proved to be industrial place that's. that the first time i realized there was a place that in a birth stomach it was. amazement. young has

alerted his european colleagues. his determines know how many films are affected. it's received and emulous three thousand birds found beached along the coastline of eight countries is the beezer firm island why it is green bit this pieces of place they are still with and dirty ninety five percent of these birds are flying dustin's there's also lots of fragments of broken or plastic items and here this or at least seven industrial plastic granules ok what their fear is the efforts plus the content of a full moon in the southern north sea so if you translate it to you'll size. this is will be there for it's in the stomach so in that case there's no need to discuss whether it's a little better for you we agree that this is not l.c.

. according to the united nations plastic is now part of the diet of half the species of sieberg. thanks to the use of plastics we protect the planet and we protect the climate evolution is well if you would have to replace the plastic bag of a material then you would have to multiply the the weight of the packaging by four the price of the by two and the amount of waste by one point six. drifting plastic. marcus and his friend joe are saying nipper sitting sitting on thousands of slightly leaky bottles. not as his plan has already worked. is excellent is being followed by millions of people on the internet. it can affect

some policy. some policy to help curb the exploitation of. these synthetic chemicals that we have to use to our advantage short term advantage but now we're finding out just completely our world and really i can feel that it's going to impact the next generation my kids would feel it so i feel like. obligated to do something its obligation knowing something's wrong you can't do nothing otherwise interrupt your accomplice. in the nineteen twenty as an english peer at a not glamorous but particularly fascinated i did. and he fitted a number of ships which regularly followed the same north european shipping lanes with the strange device.

it was a record of ships have been towing them every month ever since. these are time machines to be kept as treasures. the recorders contain cassettes with which you can trace the evolution of clanton in the english channel and north atlantic. one hundred seventy thousand samples of plankton that has been trapped over five million miles a spider's web woven over almost one hundred years. these devices have provided some unexpected and precious scientific proof.

of cattle as that of it's catching planktonic organisms and maybe it's catching small pieces of plastic at the same time so we went back through historic samples we sampled from the one nine hundred sixty s. the one hundred seventy s. and eighty's in the ninety's and then compared abundance through time and that's where we showed that it had increased significantly when you compare the one nine hundred sixty s. and ninety's. this british scientist has proof of the increasing pollution of the channel and the plant. in fact plastic never decomposes into the environment it just breaks down into smaller bits over time so even if we stopped producing plastics tomorrow which is not something that i would advocate because i actually think plastics can bring many benefits to society but even if we did the legacy of the plastics that we produced there fragmentation would continue for many decades and centuries to come. marcus wants to share the scientific discovery.

all the plastic which has ended up in the sea is still there. three months and several storms later he finally reaches hawaii on his plastic bottle raft it was enough to make him a hero of modern times he struggled to start and get some attention. there's a steady trend of encreasing plastic it's growing exponentially sort of purpose at best is to get the world to where it is go talk about solutions what can we do about this issue.

well marcus is busy consciousness raising on the other side of the planet richard thompson is busy collecting scientific evidence of the contamination of the green habits are going plastics. i was just interested world this is a plastics that are forming by the breakdown of large bases well what is the smallest piece of plastic present on the beach that was the challenger set that say of my graduate students just a little over ten years ago. richard has flown fragments of plastic but can be measured in microns finer than a human hair and he has found huge quantities of them.

of all of the places that we we extract that look a little bit unusual around about a third we can found the plastic he thought that maybe his findings with the result of a freak event on particular plymouth beach so he analyzed the sound of ten other british beaches and then he checked all stars in the same time worldwide. we found these materials every place we've examined and that surprised me the ubiquity the fact that these we know that large items of debris are now covering the ocean surface that down in the deep sea that but the fact that beaches world wide and now contaminated with small fragments of plastic was actually quite surprising to me i expected that years we moved more remote places then perhaps we wouldn't find any plastics at this this not as complex but in fact we have.

people off thinking that plastics are polluting and because they are totally ignoring the normal amount of. benefits benefits that you get from the present material and likeness less consumption etc if you have the light light of the cools then automatically the consumption is very slow or one hundred kilo less for a car is zero point three liter program that kilometer. captain charles moore is fed up of seeing the oceans used as a dumping ground he introduces the flu view of plastic back to the origin. of birds before becoming a cultural. plastic comes from petrol then it is delivered to manufacturers in the form of little pellets. of plastic or.

they come out of this. right here. let's go out of here there's no other drought and after many years. william cohen. they cool them against teens without having been used for a new theme these pellets are on their way to the water cool since this facility is still releasing millions every time it rains so this is an illegal dump of pellets preproduction plastic pellets this is a bag factory these are polyethylene pellets they float in fresh water. these are the pellets from the rail cars that have been washed and blown down to the drain this is the drain that leads to the river these millions of pellets are entering the ocean through those little holes right there you can see tell us on every side of the drain we found two hundred thirty six million of them and three

days of sampling these rivers coming down the rivers to the sea just in three days two hundred thirty six million pellets. jones movies infuriated by plastic waste because you will soon as it never disappears. the continents life changed twelve years ago when he settled a little used route across the pacific. every time i took the time to survey the ocean i was able to see something in it i even would make a bet with myself i will come out now i will survey the ocean and see nothing but i would lose the bet i would always see something and this gradually made me think something's wrong. when he returned he was intrigued that there was so much plastic floating around so far from civilization. so he decided to go back and quantifying the problem. this was

the big shock and this was a very very big surprise we were shocked when we pulled up the net for the first time i mean that was an aha moment my goodness what have we done that we can just throw a net anywhere in the ocean and hold this kind of plastic debris. i act like it's here i'm high above the pacific ocean the middle of nowhere looking for plastic and lots of it. comes and shows move created a foundation called going to eat or month as the act of his joined him alone with a construed routine they've obtained government groups to study this area since they have kept on filtering the ocean. this place. since. it's couple. of years old and.

for a blue collar path. so this is seven hours in the open ocean with a troll but as wide as a lawnmower that's not much area. that's right its own human hair my entire football field the ocean is so bad this much plastic and very small strip bellied sample is a virtual. captain ml's samples of stirred up a planet wide controversy. he discovers the trash vortex until the. trash from the american continent is sucked into the trash cortex by sponsoring currents of the pacific joining the trash coming from asia. some of the islands and beaches of one are in the direct line of this massive plastic.

film could deliver is the victim of throughways from all the countries that border the pacific. we began cleaning this is post one here in two thousand and three and since that time we've collected over ninety tons of trash just this year miles of coastline. the trash drifts with the major ocean currents spiraling ground for at least ten years and finally ending up as a stagnant mess in a century whose sons is still a. team was established in operating procedure. samples are brought back to them to be

studied. expedition after expedition the extent of the problem is revealed more clearly. six hundred seventy one fish that we collected of six different species over thirty five percent of them had at least one piece of plastic in their stomach and the reason we want to care about this although these fish might be agreed to some people i think they're adorable and they're also the making food source for animals such as tuna and mahi mahi and sound people don't necessarily these fish people eat the fish that feed on these so it brought about who bunch of more questions and how densely is this going to affect humans down the line. in the middle of the trash talk text as far as is possible from any inhabited land. and his team have

discovered even the simplest forms of life struggling to support life in the midst of our trash. jellyfish so trying to duck they can no longer swim. even as oh plantar the most basic element the ocean food chain are affected by these tiny living organisms one of the tiny particles of plastic which get stuck and become in bedded in that bodies. microscopic life forms but life forms that are already struggling for survival as they become further and further in meshed in our rubbish.

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