every single sample has had plastic in it from the samples we found in one thousand nine hundred nine there was a ratio of six to one plastic plankton now in two thousand and eight we found the plastic plankton ratio of forty six to one so that's over eight times as much plastic in the environment. we project all the things that we see from her. garden so shocking here not. quite plastic soup but there are so regular there's the suit. scientists have shown that there is no untouched zone left on this planet every square mile of version contains tens of thousands of bits of plastic. the result of our consumption two hundred twenty pounds a year per inhabitant. we

will not change the evolution of the society we are using less and less time to prepare the food for the luncheon for the dinner and as well there we. move and we have the habits to eat outside of the house so more and more we will use products which are much more decades and ready to be consumed for the drinks or for the food then we were used to use in the past and in the first ten years of the current century since two thousand we produced as much plastic as we produced in this entire century that preceded way using at the moment in excess of two hundred sixty million tons of plastic every year worldwide now around about a third of that is used for single use items for items of packaging that are used once and then discarded so it's a material that last for a very long time in the marine environment and yet we use it and throw it away within a year. all these oceans of plastic there because of our carelessness or is it

because the system doesn't work properly. what happens to plastic when we throw it away. this is one of the biggest garbage tips in the united states. what else landfill serves after los angeles county about seventy eight cities and five point two million people landfill takes in and is permit at about thirty thousand two hundred tons per day what that accounts for is if you take a football field from post to post fill it up with waste about ten feet higher little over three meters that's how much waste is accepted here a death. in the united states in europe the least half the plastic we throw away is simply better and. thousands of bottles and bags end up in this type of tip every year. between them the two continents buried four to five million metric tons of plastic in two thousand and seven. in the face of this exponential

consumption the infrastructures can't keep up. only five percent of the plastic used in the world is recycled and the west the main consumer does not even have the means to deal with. this is the port of chinari in india part of our recycled waste ends up here by the container full. hidden from european eyes all rubbish is treated behind these doors which are usually kept closed. you see containers are then unloaded and then the material is docked in this yard in this yard as you can see that is different different quality from different origin some material from germany some from france some from america

some from the middle east it's this man at some who will let us into future in just number one recycler of plastic bottles. is a broker he buys the contents of the recycling bins and resells it here where it can be treated by cheaper labor. like me. so noodles line of business is doing well. and the export of use plastic has been increasing by thirty percent a year in two thousand and seven france sent seven hundred thousand metric tons of plastic and brown. you see these bales of from france if you see from the label you may be able to identify the bottle that maybe you have you wouldn't think of a lot of it but these have come here now and they will be teeth like gold and made again into valuable bottles more products which could be you of the again.

the plastic recycled money future comes from western countries quite legally the recyclers hope not showing us how we'll take care of the rubbish coming just european consumers to send the. message to the utopian customers utopian whole homeowners are utopian men and women it's very straight and simple who took up polyesters is hope to be associated in keeping the environment and clearly at good for the human belief i have a week i liked those bottoms which you throw in the dustbin that got what they did to those products that you use every day maybe it is a shark it is a t. shirt audit is a back bencher art it is the bottles we to use what blinky what are already doing

so at any juices. thanks. so we try to have zero waste of possible by trying to have no plastic come into our homes and then end up in the garbage can so marcus and i have gone for radical solution orders when we go to buy things at the grocery store but we buy bread it sometimes comes the plastic bags you have to file you have to go to an actual bakery we are now making these out of old t. shirts so we've been collecting t. shirts from schools and from good well when people are thrown away their shirts instead of using plastic bags and of course we never buy plastic water bottles

anytime we want to get water we bring our own we fill up at a tap filtered water we bring these with us everywhere so you get these habits you develop them and then you don't think about them you just remember grab my bad with the market. even organic waste doesn't go into plastic bags to get these it's show us the worms you're going to see underneath. carefully. and in the bottom it looks some shallots some garlic. so there's a recycling bin we try to throw anything away if we buy something we try to make sure the packaging is recyclable the idea of waste is something completely invented by humans so there should be no waste if you're recycling if you're conscious about the things that you buy and you remember that everything you buy has to go

somewhere. no plastic in the home equals no plastic in the tip or going abroad plus no plastic in the ocean. that's marcus and is a question that tires that are already off on another adventure pedaling two thousand miles between vancouver and t. one month to convince whoever they meet on the way. for them plastic is a problem full stop and it needs to be eradicated at the source. the benefits which are brought by the use of the plastic material so great for the society so great for the consumers in terms of security for food in terms of lightness for transport etc that would be stupid just to cancel those.

strong benefits in order to just. write something which is just at the end of the life of the product and be goes that is a wrong be a view of the people and of the society we hear that same line from the weapons manufacturers guns don't kill people keep people kill people we hear the same line from the plastics industry that plastics aren't the problem it's people that are the problem it's people littering but there's no way to educate every single person on the planet to add dispose of their plastics properly so the industry and the manufacturers have a responsibility to design a product that if people if a plastic bag blows out of a garbage truck it won't have the sort of impact that we're seeing. can we do without plastic. the moment. but in europe a few minutes about it is

a try at least in part. it so faced with the problem of plastic pollution. it's beaches and the sea so ten years ago it made some changes. with well there's bread there's vegetables a bit of everything. in the summer months there's a lot of stuff from their gardens and things like flowers grass from their lawns that sort of m p put whatever people happen to have a tome that's biodegradable. for the moment these banks are one of the few alternatives to plastic. organic waste is collected every week in banks made of stopped. don't have to be salted the banks break down not tree along with the food waste. he said getting on that void to become biodegradable bags are mixed with the organic waste so they break down completely

within three or four weeks with just simple small potato and corn starch that they're made of reacts like any other organic matter it plays on and it just like potato peelings for example and if i see. the resulting compost is used by the regions fungus so two million organic banks go back to the earth each year and a bit more plastic has not ended up strewn around or in the sea. i. doubt it because we successfully sell to hawaii to get attention to the issue of plastic marine debris which was hundreds of school and college students attend marcus and his lectures all along that trip from canada to mexico. now you might think ok this animal it eats plastic it goes in the mouth out of the round and that's it no big deal the problem is other end is small

so this past is past or particles that have stayed in our stomach for a long time the plastic these plastic particles they're not benign they don't just sit there and do nothing bile and marcus raises another question the industry adds millions of tons of chemicals to plastics what kind of effects do they have. these freshwater snails are sensitive to the slightest variations in their environment they service sentinels one day the federal agency for the environment asked you to study the effects on this gastropod the chemical substance whose effects are still unknown this female say. he was surprised but when the heading.

was a complete new phenomenon for us we had and lost thousands of these new people and never find something comparable before and so we repeated the experiment once twice and even a third time you'll discover that ten percent of the females presented significant sexual different issues and that their egg production was four times normal this uterus where the two glands is considerably larger in the female compared with the normal and this specific specimen. in addition exhibits this great rupture of the open bilked you can imagine the power of the masses which have caused this rupture it's really like. an eruption of a volcano on. your grassed where is the business

a found. the answer is in our plastics this antioxidant is added to babies bottles bottles and and packaging but it also risky. i was really shocked because i have to mention does a test concentrations which can be found in every supposed org and it is hard to believe i confess that at these very low environmentally relevant concentrations such harmful effects like the killing of the kenyans is and the most. the scientists are really beginning to discover that the plastics in the oceans release chemical substances into the environment which have effects that i still don't know. how much escapes once the products are in the water. how do these pollutants accumulate in the food chain. on the remain animals affected. and to

what extent. we. know. that's what the crew of the world one left phone and i've been trying to find out by studying the mediterranean fin where the world's second largest whale. yellow dots are there so we get plenty of the film. to do of these animals are contaminated the scientist needed to study fact samples. of. your situation. the results of the biopsies are clear just like polar bears in atlantic whales all

the fin whales that contains fire retardants which are additives to plastics. yes. put. no one yet knows what effect these products have on the species. and they call them. mayor we are in the middle of nowhere miles from any continent and we find substances of pollutants that have no business being here. they were produced hundreds of miles away and are being carried by the current market don't bothers me most is that we are contaminating the whole planet from the clothing the remotest and wildest place that's. shocked by his own discomfort you wondered if the food wrapped in plastic that we

eat every day were contaminated by certain substances. he puts more snails in bottles of water for forty eight weeks. those near us which were kept in the bottles produced much more embryos compared to those nails in the glass bottles there are compounds in the plastic material in these p. t. bottles that leach into a culture medium all the snails we do not know which compounds we haven't identified yet but they are clearly estrogenic. new wood all they must realize when we want to put a material or substance on the market it undergoes laboratory testing which enables us to show that it is harmless is not get the results are passed on to scientific

and public organizations we will decide whether or not we're allowed to commercialize it when you plug in the thirty's or constantly checking all of the products that we sell to it to people. this man who are affected by these chemical products. and over a couple who use plastic like everyone else have agreed to have blood tests. showed us one is an epidemiologist for years she has been carrying out tests some fatality in two thousand and five she started studying the effects of fights

another chemical additives for plastics she selected women with a high level of science in the urine instead of the effect on their male children. no one had done this before. these ballots particularly the ones of most concern are called anti and richer as they lower testosterone they do it actually to adults as well and but it's more important when it happens in the womb because the changes that occur in the lower than permanent for life and so because it's handy and or janick lower testosterone at the critical time will alter the path of development of the male genitalia so normally it starts in a feminine default if you will and then becomes masculinized under the influence of testosterone and that process is interfered with by certain sally it's when they get to

a certain level. well it's so used in food packaging and tools for example to soften the plastic. the road i'm still feminized the species. the testicles disappear and the penis becomes shorter. the distance between the testicles and the anus which is normally double in males shrinks and becomes more like that of females. shalhoub the idea and the courage to try taking the same missions with human babies and you got the same results. when levels of d h p the most considered the most toxic family were higher in the mother's year and then the boys were more likely to have testicles that were not completely descended into sport oh and tended to have a significantly smaller p.s.

so i wouldn't even as and you could toxicologist and not a specialist for human toxicology i wouldn't expect negative impacts on dives so if it does i using the neuro waterfall from p.t. boaters there's absolutely no danger but i am i'm not so convinced when we're talking about pregnant women or very young children. because in these very sensitive phases of life cycle care should be taken to avoid any estrogen it can because. they put the plastic you see plastics contain substances that can eventually migrate over but only an infinitesimal quantities which are well below the norms. certain scientists use operating procedures that are unjustified. motions which are then regrettably picked up by the media and creates an unfounded scare among the public at large. but after all

this is a democracy so everyone has the right to express themselves and it. isn't a case of scaremongering scientists. simply asking you questions. here the results of the test for. the chemical component plastic by and large those two people are just like you or me it's like background noise but that black or noise however means that we all have spent all day in our bodies now as you know this is a product that didn't exist before our grandparents didn't have any chemical products created by industry and now we're all impregnated with this. study of this time has been carried out in front but every one tested in the united states had not only between eighty but also found in that bone. in spite of the ocean pollution and the effect on armaments in spite of the

contamination of. man has not yet decided to do without plastic on the contrary production has been increasing by ten percent a year. in india plastic use is twenty times less than in europe and the united states but with a billion inhabitants it will soon be one of the planet's three biggest consumers. how can this country stop polluting its rivers and coasts with its plastics how can it go on absorbing all waste. plastic indispensable outside of off everyday life. we thought it was an it substance over a century we have poured at least a hundred million tons of it into the oceans. but now a boomerang effect is taking place.

the situation is hopeless. it is getting worse at a near exponential rate and shows no sign of decreasing no one seems to be able to envision a future without plastic and no one seems to be willing to admit that change needed to get rid of the plastic pollution problem is drastic. incremental change small changes will not make a difference. marcus and i refuse to give up here today this is our. awareness day i still remember the go the keep up the struggle to change those in mentalities and finally put an end to plastic age.

with change people's attitude. maybe we should scare them this way something says their. music in. the back. of her.

culture is that so much of it spiritually maybe once a year but real history that is not the rate during the great financial contraction

millions lost their jobs and all but the rich of only gotten richer should the rich pay. in some respects ots available in grants or till you're a grand total emerald marco polo club supposed to turn circles photo olympic gold circus or toll. corinthian the ski pundits reticent to say a steroid kempinski might go twenty to look you think of school for you. know sort of. syrian activists report more protested deaths as russia is the un to get some leads into the talks to avoid a repeat of libya is chaotic. israel authorizes its special

forces to issues it palestinian protesters are they prepared to march in support of the u.n. base independent claiming it's to prevent bloodshed. the gas impasse ukraine that backpedals over its threat of taking russia to court to force prices down moscow says it will found its ground on the already signed deal. a very warm welcome to you this is all to live from moscow new deaths are being reported in syria as the head of the international red cross meets the country's senior officials he's in damascus discussing the humanitarian side of the conflict which is claimed over two thousand lives meanwhile russia is running members of the un security council to encourage the sides to stop violence and still.