the thing that's most shocking to me is of all the samples we've taken whether they be at the surface ten meters thirty meters or down a hundred meters every single sample has had plastic in it from the samples we found in one thousand nine hundred nine there was a ratio of six to one plastic the plankton now in two thousand and eight we found the plastic plankton ratio of forty six to one so that's over eight times as much plastic in the environment. we project all these things that we see come through. shark still shocking here not. quite plastic soup but that are so regular there's the suit. scientists have shown that there is no untouched zone left on this planet every square mile of version contains tens of thousands of bits of plastic. the result of

our consumption two hundred twenty pounds a year per inhabitant. we will not change the evolution of the society we are using less and less time to prepare the food for the luncheon for the dinner and as well there we. move and we have the habits to eat outside of the house so more and more we will use products which are much more decades and ready to be consumed for the drinks or for the food then we were used to use in the past and in the first ten years of the current century since two thousand we've produced as much plastic as we produced in this entire century that preceded way using at the moment in excess of two hundred sixty million tons of plastic every year worldwide now around about a third of that is used for single use items for items of packaging that are used

once and then discarded so it's a material the last for a very long time in the marine environment and yet we use it and throw it away within a year. of these oceans of plastic that because of our carelessness or is it because the system doesn't work properly. what happens to plastic when we throw it away. this is one of the biggest garbage tubes in the united states. what else lapful serves after los angeles county about seventy eight cities and five point two million people landfill takes and has permit at about thirty thousand two hundred tons per day what dab accounts for is if you take a football field from post to post fill it up with waste about ten feet higher little over three meters that's how much waste is accepted here a death. in the united states in europe but least half the plastic we throw away is simply better and. thousands of bottles and bags end up in this type

of tip every year. between them the two continents buried four to five million metric tons of plastic in two thousand and seven. in the face of this exponential consumption the infrastructures can't keep up. only five percent of the plastic used in the world is recycled and the west the main consumer does not even have the means to deal with. this is the port of chinari in india part of our recycled waste ends up here by the container full. hidden from european eyes already she is treated behind these doors which are usually kept curved. you see containers that then unloaded and then the material is

in this yard in this yard as you can see that is a different different quality from different origin some material from germany some from france some from america some from the middle east insist that some new will let us in the future in just number one recycler of plastic bottles. is a broker he believes that comes in civil recycling bins and resells it here where it can be treated by cheaper labor. like. so noodles line of business is doing well. and the export of used plastic has been increasing by thirty percent a year in two thousand and seven front sent seven hundred thousand metric tons of plastic and brown. you see the build up from france if you see from the label you may be able to identify the bottle that maybe you have you'll. be these have come

here now and it will be teeth like gold and made again into valuable bottles more products which could be you of the. the plastic recycled money future comes from western countries quite legally the recyclers hope the showing us how women take care of the rubbish dealing come in just european consumers to send the. message to the european customers utopian whole homeowners are utopian men and women it's very straight and simple who took our polyesters is hope to be associated in keeping the environment and please add wood for the human belief i have a week i liked those bottles which you throw in the dust bin that got what they did

to those products that you use every day maybe it is a shark it is a t. shirt audience that backbencher are it is the bottles which are used what blinking water already drinks out any juices. thank you. so we try to have zero waste if possible by trying to have no plastic come into our homes and then end up in the garbage can so marcus and i have gone for radical solution orders the way we go to buy things at the grocery store but we buy bread it sometimes comes the plastic bags you have to follow you have to go to an actual bakery we are now making these out of old t. shirts so we've been collecting t.

shirts from schools and from good well when people are thrown away their shirts instead of using plastic bags and of course we never buy plastic water bottles anytime we want to get water we bring our own we fill up at a tap filtered water we bring these with us everywhere so you get these habits you develop them and then you don't think about them you just remember grab my bag of the market. even more damage which doesn't go into plastic bags to get. it's show us the worms and you going to see underneath. it. carefully. and in the bottom it looks some shallots some garlic. so this is a recycling bin and we try to throw anything away if we buy something we try to

make sure the packaging is recyclable the idea of waste is something completely invented by humans so there should be no waste if you're recycling if you're conscious about the things that you buy and you remember that everything you buy has to go somewhere. no plastic in the home equals no plastic in the tip or going abroad plus no plastic in the ocean. that's marcus and am is a question tires that are already off on another adventure pedaling two thousand miles between vancouver and t. one thousand convince whoever they meet on the way. for them plastic is a problem full stop and it needs to be eradicated at the source.

the benefits which are brought by the use of the perceived mentally ill are so grateful to society so grateful to consumers in terms of security for food in terms of life news for transport etc that would be stupid just to cancel those very strong benefits in order to just. correct something which is just at the end of the life of the product and be goes that is a wrong be a view of the people and of the society we hear that same line from the weapons manufacturers guns don't kill people keep people kill people. we hear the same line from the plastics industry that plastics aren't the problem it's people that are the problem it's people littering but there's no way to educate every single person on the planet to add dispose of their plastics properly so the industry and the manufacturers have a responsibility to design a product that if people littering if a plastic bag blows out of a garbage truck it won't have the sort of impacts that we're seeing.

can we do without plastic. for the moment. but in europe a few minutes about it is a try at least in part. because two ton of love you don't find it so faced with the problem of plastic pollution. pollution of its beaches and the sea so ten years ago it made some changes. with well there's bread there's vegetables a bit of everything. in the summer months there's a lot of stuff from their gardens and things like flowers grass from their lawns that sort of thing and he put whatever people happen to have a tome that's biodegradable for. for the moment these banks are one of the few alternatives to plastic. organic waste is collected every week in banks made of stopped. don't have to be salted the banks break down

not tree along with the food waste. said getting on that void to become biodegradable bags are mixed with the organic waste so they break down completely within three or four weeks with just simple small potato and corn starch that they're made of it reacts like any other organic matter it plays on and it just like potato peelings for example that if i see. the resulting compost is used by the regions fungus so two million organic banks go back to the it each year and a bit more plastic has not ended up strewn around or in the sea. as we successfully sell to hawaii to get attention to the issue of plastic marine debris with water hundreds of school and college students attend marcus and his

lectures all along that trip from canada to mexico. now you might think ok this animal it eats plastic it goes in the mouth of the red and that's it no big deal the problem is other end is small so this past is past or particles that stay in their stomach for a long time the plastic is plastic particles they're not benign they don't just sit there and do nothing bile and marcus raises another question the industry adds millions of tons of chemicals to plastics what kind of effects do they have. these freshwater snails are sensitive to the slightest variations in their environment they serve as sentinels one day the federal agency for the environment

asked your goldman to study the effects on this gastropod of a chemical substance whose effects are still unknown this final day. he was surprised but when to having. it was a complete new phenomenon for us we had and lost thousands of these new people and never find something comparable before and so we repeated the experiment once twice and even a third time you'll discover that ten percent of the females presented significant sexual differ missions and that their egg production was four times normal. this uterus with the two glands is considerably larger in the female compared with the normal thing and this specific specimen. in addition exhibits this great rapture of the open built you can imagine the power of the masses which have

caused this rupture it's it's really like. an eruption of of work a know. your grassed where is to be streaming a phone. the answer is in our plastics this antioxidant is added to babies bottles bottles and and packaging but it also risky. i was really shocked because you have to imagine there's a test concentrations which can be found in every supposed order and it is hard to believe i confess that at these very low environmentally relevant concentrations such harmful effects like the killing of the kenyans is induced. the scientists are really beginning to discover that the plastics in the oceans release chemical substances into the environment which have effects that are still

and know. how much escapes once the products are in the water. how do these pollutants accumulate in the food chain. the remain animals affected. and to what extent. we. know. that's what the crew of the world one of the fun and the been trying to find out by studying the mediterranean fin with the world's second largest whale. now live out there so we got plenty good enough. to do these animals are contaminated. the scientists needed to study fat samples.

for. your situation. the results of the biopsies are clear just like polar bears and atlantic whale and so the fin whales fat contains fire retardants which are additives to plastic. yes. put. my. no one yet knows what effect these products have on the species. and they call them all me you lemay here we are in the middle of nowhere miles from any continent and we find substances and pollutants that have no business being here again if you were did they were produced hundreds of miles away and are being carried by the current market but what bothers me most is that we are contaminating the whole planet from the clothing the remotest and wildest place that's.

shocked by his own discomfort you wondered if the food wrapped in plastic that we eat every day were contaminated by certain substances. he puts more snails in bottles of water for forty eight weeks. those snails which were kept in p. t. bottles produced much more embryos compared to those nails in the glass bottles there are compounds in the plastic material in these p. t. bottles that lead into a culture medium or snails we do not know which compounds we haven't identified them yet but they are clearly estrogenic. new

wood all they must realize when we want to put a material or substance on the market it undergoes laboratory testing which enables us to show that it is harmless is all get the results are passed on to scientific and public organizations we will decide whether or not we're allowed to commercialize it will produce thirty's or constantly checking all of the products that we sell to the people. this man who are affected by these chemical products. and over a couple who use plastic like everyone else have agreed to have blood tests.

showed us one is an epidemiologist for years she has been carrying out test some fatalities. in two thousand and five she started studying the effects of fights another chemical additive for plastics she selected women with a high level of finance in their urine instead of the effect on their infant male children. no one had done this before. these ballots particularly the ones of most concern are called anti and richer and they lower testosterone they do it actually to adults as well and but it's more important when it happens in the womb because the changes that occur in the lower than per minute for life and so because it's anti and or janick lower testosterone at the critical time will alter the path of development of the male genitalia so

normally it starts in a feminine default if you will and then becomes masculinized under the influence of testosterone and that process is interfered with by certain sally it's when they get to a certain level. fairly so used in food packaging and tools for example to soften the plastic. but in rodents to feminize the species. the testicles disappear and the penis becomes shorter. the distance between the testicles and the anus which is normally double in males shrinks and becomes more like night of females. shalhoub the idea and the courage to try taking the same missions with human babies and you got the same results. when levels of d h p the most considered the most toxic family were higher

in the mother's year and then the boys were more likely to have testicles that were not completely descended into this photo and tended to have a significantly smaller p.s. so i wouldn't even as an eco toxicologist and not a specialist for human toxicology i wouldn't expect negative impacts on dives so if it does i using the neuro waterfall from p.t. bottles there's absolutely no danger but i'm not so convinced when we're talking about pregnant women or very young children. because in these very sensitive phases of life cycle care should be taken to avoid any estrogen it can because. they put the plastic you see plastics contain substances that can eventually migrate over but only an infinitesimal quantities which are well below the norms. certain scientists use operating procedures that

are unjustified. motions which are then regrettably picked up by the media and creates an unfounded scare among the public at large. but after all this is a democracy so everyone has the right to express themselves and it. isn't a case of scaremongering scientists. simply asking you questions. over here the results of the test for a chemical component plastic by and large those two people are just like you or me it's like background noise but that background noise however means that we all have they spend all day in our bodies now as you know this is a product that didn't exist before our grandparents didn't have any chemical products created by industry and now we're all impregnated with it we have to study of this time has been carried out in front of everyone tested in the united states

had not only between eighty but also found in that bone. in spite of the ocean pollution and the effect on armaments in spite of the contamination of bone it is man has not yet decided to do without plastic on the contrary production has been increasing by ten percent a year. in india plastic use is twenty times less than in europe and the united states but with a billion inhabitants it will soon be one of the planet's three biggest consumers. how can this country stop polluting its rivers and coasts with its plastics how can it go on absorbing all waste. plastic indispensable ally of off every day life. we thought it was a net substance over a century we have poured at least

a hundred million tonnes of it into the oceans. but now a boomerang effect is taking place. the situation is hopeless. it is getting worse at a near exponential rate and shows no sign of decreasing. no one seems to be able to envision a future without plastic and no one seems to be willing to admit that change needed to get rid of the plastic pollution problem is drastic incremental change small changes will not make a difference. moccasin and i refuse to give up here today to bring awareness to the stuff we river the go the keep up the struggle to change

those in mentalities and finally put an end to plastic age. this only with change people's attitude. maybe we should scare them because they see wasting things as their. music. and the matter. further.

syrian government forces launch their biggest sweep against protesters in the northwest of the country blocking their escape to turkey. licensed to kill israeli special forces get the green light to shoot at. independence protesters.

and seeking solutions from russia and ukraine agreed to. which is gas supplies on able to cope with the current pricing levels. and broadcasting live direct from a heart of. glad to have you with us top stories syrian security forces launched their biggest sweep against anti-government protesters trying to flee to turkey it comes as human rights organizations claim thousands have been rounded up and hundreds killed in the last month alone meanwhile russia is that rallying members of the un security council to encourage the sides to stop violence and start negotiations but the.