and stand by for the news conference between david cameron and the russian leadership here in moscow we'll go back to that as soon as it starts by before that we'll look at the silent casualty of war the environment which faces severe and long term damage both from the production of weapons and combat itself. displacement is another of war's consequences the forced migration of civilians has profound impacts on the natural environment this image was taken in one thousand nine hundred six after the tanzania and government decided to close the camps for rwandan refugees the column of refugees this photo stretched for twenty seven miles toward the rwandan border. these women are i.d.p.'s internally displaced persons although they have fled the genocide in darfur province they have not crossed the sudanese border and are not considered refugees under international

law collect wood for cooking they must risk being attacked by the genji weed government backed arab militia men who target the sudan's black population. with their heavy demand for wood the sudan six million internally displaced persons head further stress to a landscape already degraded by climate change into certification. internal displacement is a growing problem in iraq an estimated two million civilians have been displaced since the start of operation iraqi freedom i.d.p. camps have sprung up in the outskirts of now jeff baghdad and nineveh many lack potable water medicine and proper waste disposal. the real risk of not addressing the environmental problems is that people simply have to leave their homes if they don't have wood to burn to cook with to heat their homes with don't have water to

drink they leave and you see massive displacement happening we call it environmental refugees if you will but people are leaving their homes this creates a demand on resources it creates a demand on infrastructure and ultimately displacement undermines the peace process in the vietnam war which the vietnamese cause the american war. there is a clash there was a clash between very highly technological society in a largely agrarian society. i think we have a lot of arrogance we thought we were going to go in and take control blow up or needed to blow up and do basically what we wanted. one of the main reasons that i refused to carry a weapon was that i could not see any justification for the

destruction of the lands at the level that i saw an infantry platoon. was mainly moved from place to place by helicopter the helicopters would fly high so as not to draw ground fire and when you're at a high altitude you can look out on the land in see it for miles and miles and miles in the kuchi area especially there were times in places where i would look out and see nothing but a ravenous landscape bomb craters one after the other so close together and you see little islands of green that had not been bombed. i grew up in a small town in illinois. town surrounded by corn fields and fields very beautiful town along the illinois river. and when i saw

from high in the sky the destruction to the land i couldn't help wondering what if that had happened for cornfields are being sealed i would really feel if that happened. yeah. i was i. i went to that war knowing nothing at all but when i saw that level of destruction i could not believe that this was going to lead to democracy that this was a wind in the sand was going to be. the cause of freedom i

wast whatever little faith i had in the war being noble in any sense. it's. far away in the pacific is the tiny atoll of bikini in the. chosen spot of the on beefing up mankind has terrible thoughts it will go in will be the graveyard of many ships a ghost a navy man down there by goats pigs and white rats awaiting the atomic blast. i

mean maybe if personnel come a shot to carry out that first task to deal with the island as whole lived under japanese mandate for twenty years. now to jamie. the united states now wants to turn its great. our interest something for the benefit. and the experiments. are the first step not correct. i think it's generally the case that the greater and more durable impacts come from preparation for war rather than combat itself. defense lines formed to support the men who march and say oh. but the mobilization regions still farther into the life of the nation actors must bring in the forests and trees must fall

for the sawmills wait for law and builders right for lumber states feel the need to be militarily prepared and in the modern world that has meant building a military industrial complex building a pollution intensive industry to generate military goods one of the best examples of how the business of preparing for war can have long lasting environmental impacts is the nuclear weapons programs around the world that have been in place since the early one nine hundred forty s. wherever this is happened there have been environmental problems with radioactive waste. which no one anywhere has satisfactorily saw. the hand. which is located in washington state when the nuclear bombs for

developed their little thought was given to what to do about the waste that would result afterwards indeed now the u.s. department of energy calls him third the world's largest environmental cleanup project pampered washington is the site where the united states says essentially accumulated its nuclear waste mostly from weapons work also from nuclear power and other radioactive related industries hanford was constructed in one thousand nine hundred eighty two under the top secret manhattan project its location along the columbia river provided a ready source of water for cooling nuclear reactors the hanford engineering works produce the plutonium used in the trinity test device and in the fat man released on the. production of plutonium intensified during the cold war in one thousand and sixty three the dual purpose n. reactor was constructed to generate nuclear power for civilian use when the reactor

building completed nineteen sixty three. to break for the construction of the power plant. and i think it's very appropriate that we . have so much it's been done to battle but not. find a chance to strike a blow. to find a chance to strike a blow for a better life. this is a great while i can assure you. from the work we began today. that life worked out. for the electricity. in the united states. providing security for our people. but. since

the production of tony i'm ceased in one thousand nine hundred eighty seven cleanup has been the only mission at the nuclear reservation there are fifty three million gallons of high level radioactive and chemical waste and stored in one hundred seventy seven underground tanks seventy of these tanks have leaked spilling proximately one million gallons of waste into the soil. after washington is a wasteland of leaking radioactive waste that will be with us for decades and decades probably centuries to come and it's currently costing us billions of dollars to just try to contain let alone clean up in truth it's never going to be cleaned up and some of the radioactive waste will remain potentially lethal for twenty four thousand years which is any way you slice it a long time. the

united states used to stockpile chemical weapons unbeknown to most of the world in germany and in okinawa with u.s. troops in japan and those two stockpiles which were never used of course were shipped back secretly to johnston at all in the pacific and one of the world's largest incinerators was built in the middle of a wildlife refuge and that process in burning those chemical weapons from okinawa in germany took place in one thousand nine hundred two to the year two thousand john snapple has been that still is being studied but that's actually a very interesting case of a unique coral reef really in the middle of the pacific ocean it's about seven hundred fifty miles west of hawaii that was used as a launch site for atmospheric nuclear testing. the five july the fourth vehicle for bluegill. one of a column casualty. that was

a sticking fuel file which caused a fire that's more from ignition. missile and more the more. when at least one of the atmospheric tests with the hydrogen bomb blew up on the launch pad a good part of just now told was left with highly radioactive plutonium debris twenty years later all the agent orange that was all dumped on johnson stored as they say on johnson at all that really over time became a dump site of agent orange and now thirdly we put chemical weapons on johnson at all this national wildlife refuge under the fish and wildlife department has really been used and abused by the military over the ages.

only a few hours before it was wiped out in austin it was efficient little telling point out that it had made before you what to do in such as shelters the people calmly waited all unaware that already descending upon them was the atom bomb. when it was all over on and off square miles of that awesome moment but on one blasted to extinction they all shattering devastation in which was born that time again. radiation effects not fantastically imprinted on walls and fun it just like present shadow was allowed outlined on a building the design of a dress left on the body of a woman who would die in a few days and. visible. from. the.

members of the so-called nuclear club states known to have detonated nuclear weapons either best pick or foreign soil among them at least that's have been conducted disappear under water underground and in space. where retaining tens of thousands of nuclear weapons when probably a few hundred would be enough for deterrence we have nuclear weapons far in excess of any conceivable need for them as the strongest conventional power by orders of magnitude in the world for this country to say that we need nuclear weapons what does that signal to the rest of the world. that they must be very valuable and that they probably would want to get them selves i mean i

think as long as any nation retained sneak weapons other nations who want them few years. is ago about was a real promise of hope for the poor both black and white through the poverty program then came the buildup in vietnam. and i watched this program broken and it was a rated as if it was some i don't political play thing about suicide to gone mad on war and i knew that america would never invest the necessary energy is in rehabilitation of its poor so long as the adventures like vietnam continued to draw men and skills and money like some demonic destructive suction to. the world's currently spending somewhere around two trillion us tiles on the wall and preparations for war and this is enormous to fish for

a fraction of that a man we could have clean water sanitation education good health care for everybody on the planet that's a terrible division for so since. any war that takes place on the matter how large or how small has enormous costs to it we're talking in lebanon into the billions of dollars of cleaning up just a fifteen day war let alone you know the years and years of warfare in iraq or afghanistan or vietnam or wherever else they may take place so the costs of war really. if they're well understood and in most cases they're not but if they're well understood should preclude the war to begin with the war is not worth the cost in terms of lives but also long term environmental and public health damage for decades to come.

fossil fuel is a particular problem in this time a concern that that climate change just one example i think illustrates that well if we imagine one if sixteen thought. flying for just under one ad it uses approximately twice as much oil as he average american citizen he says in he's ok if we hear. the f. sixteen is just one machine in one branch of the military to take another example the army's abrams tank weighs sixty eight tons and requires two gallons of fuel per mile all told the united states department of defense burned some three hundred fifty thousand barrels of oil per day making it the world's largest single consumer the defense department uses i think somewhat over two thirds of the energy. that the us government. uses on it uses them for ships and tanks and planes and heating buildings and

a whole host of other things. for probably the largest impact that all the defense effort has is a diversion of intellectual and or g. and our monetary resources away from trying to solve an address some of the long term problems. in sea level is also rising and in louisiana we've been losing thirty square miles a year roughly. of land. i mean if the united states were losing that to some foreign power we'd have the military out there defending you. we often ask the question where were you on september eleventh well i remember that very curtly because i was in new york and i was there specifically to give a bunch an address at the new york times on the new book. a condom a building an economy through the air. well by mid-morning that much was already

history terrorism is a threat no question about it but on my list of threats to our future. there are there are many more serious threats climate change being an obvious one population growth being another the economy does not exist in the vacuum it is entirely dependent on the earth's natural systems and resources and if we damage and destroy those systems and resources then the economy will eventually decline and one day collapse the challenge is not too high tech know what terri response to terrorism that will work the challenge is to build an environmentally sustainable equitable society that would do more to undermine terrorism than any possible high tech military weapon systems we can devise. the other exciting thing is that almost

everything we need to do has already been done by at least one country. taken out of a live news conference being a given by prime minister david cameron and president dmitri medvedev after signing ceremony. it's a scientists without any exaggeration this is important events and this is for the contribution into the development of the upon the european cup creations and processes on the people who see it from their understanding and that's got us that we have more in common between our countries is more things that are to unite our so rather than divide and follow questions or views so we approach as he is on the various. not always coincide with. the created but it was it

over dramatize the situation in gaza with what is more important just not to let them see when we have virtually no etc now all they're all really today was. on the resumption of full fledged political dialogue we have covered practically all the relevant international questions. of the international committee of the global situation in the north of africa in the middle east team in the euro but only kids and a global crisis have shown that we have jointly. new ways to use the real new post-crisis waldorf learning that we have discussed repeatedly time at the ground with mr prime minister and here in the meetings. g twenty summit and leave details on when we discuss this issue says we should talk

about economy but he then used it recently where in the smaller states we have slowed down in north. dakota who has a room that you we're there in the oval well and that's our turnover grew by twenty we. reached sixty in blue is the and going to. double this is a good for the children because not only turnover is growing but michel investment i go in as well if you use. and i want to ask questions to bring this investment to the guaranteed level and to ensure the. legal framework is wired to this investment and that is. to ensure that they're mutually beneficial to the investments of british companies and that's what i'm going to. be have a huge importance in. when incorporation in the field of narrative knowledge is we

have signed a question on knowledge of. modernisation we haven't done this in order to show you of course relations. in the more than. two way from. we're all materials into. aspects of economic cooperation and i believe that this is a memorandum of this subject of the way which you can when you've got an i suppose a very important to develop humanitarian go to the relations contacts between the common people and it being students are teachers you're going to be scientists they are prominent cultural figures and of course between because you know people were here for lots of good examples of. this compilation recently the russian delegation visited the laundry to look for a new one and you know go. by and in the context of the russian british.

year. cooperation of the money amounted to your a good idea and i believe this was a. good examples is taken into account go to our country as it would. be and all the important areas for cooperation in terms of investment security and safety ensuring and they believe. topical will become an increasingly irrelevancy in our relations if you would actually so i would like to think my. david cameron before or been an affair this talks and we're quiet good relations is that we list you in previous so be a forward to you know it will thank you mr president thank you dimitri and i agree we've had excellent talks of this morning of first of all let me express my sympathy to the friends and families of those who died in the aristotle plane crash

i am very pleased to be here in the kremlin with president medvedev today i think it is a year since we first met in canada and we've had good meetings since then because britain shares with russia many interests and challenges from trade to security at home and abroad from culture to education and sport and research britain as the president has said invests more here than almost any other country and our bilateral trade is worth almost twelve billion pounds and accelerating we work together to counter piracy in the indian ocean and on issues like iran in the middle east peace process and financial stability in the g eight and g twenty almost all of which we've discussed this morning so as i said at moscow state university this morning if we can build a stronger relationship i believe both our countries will gain of course it's no secret that there are difficult issues where we differ we can't pretend these don't

exist we must continue to have frank discussions about them as we've had today at the same time without wishing these issues away it is right to rebuild a more effective relationship on those things that are vital to the safety and well being of people in russia and in britain so i'm pleased the president and i have agreed to strengthen our cooperation in a number of areas first on our commercial relationship we agreed on the need to increase trade and investment between britain and russia and on the partnership we've just signed to support modern. zation it's good for britain and british jobs to connect our economy to faster growing parts of the world like russia and it's good for russia too because britain is strong in the financial and business services and sexual expertise that a high tech and diversified economy needs today we're announcing two hundred fifteen million pounds worth of new commercial deals creating five hundred jobs back home and safeguarding thousands more from engineering companies like i e com working on the new moscow st petersburg highway to small companies like

global immersion providing cutting edge technology for the moscow planetarium and there's a new joint company launching today to create a state of the art pharmaceutical plant here in moscow and three hundred jobs back in britain and this growing business is why british airways is today announcing more seats on its london to moscow route we've also agreed to work together on new technology in areas like civil nuclear power this will pave the way for rolls royce to win a substantial share of russian backed projects to develop nuclear reactors elsewhere with wider benefits for the two hundred fifty british companies involved in the nuclear supply chain i'm delighted that result home and rolls royce of signed the agreement today on international issues we agreed on the importance of completing russia's accession to the world trade organization we discussed the need to ensure security and confidence for georgia and russia implementing the two thousand and eight cease fire in full we also discussed key issues on the agenda of the security council in g twenty on libya strongly welcomed russia will russia's role of the

paris conference and russia's recognition of the national transitional council we agreed to support a libyan led and un backed transition to build a united stable and democratic libya and we discussed ways to tackle the danger of surface to air missile missiles getting into the wrong hands on syria i was interested to hear more about the recent messages that russia has sent the assad regime we agreed the u.n. has a role to play to end the violence and support a genuine process of real reform and to can. new discussions on a u.n. resolution we've had a productive meeting there's more work to do today and more conversations to be had i very much look forward to the rest of my visit and to working with president medvedev on all of these important issues thank you very much for the warm welcome you've given me today mr president thank you. but russia but it does q so british colleagues use to independently so it is. a press

conference so first we will give the floor to the russian journalist who taught us . thank you very much question to both. russian british relations acquired paradoxical british. in the first place on investments and written over six years so we witnessed the fall. of the political contacts in. this situation today maybe to manage to address. the issues which deal our interaction between these two countries thank you sir thank you very much it's judging by our faces so we are not pros and so you think you know we pretty well and warm you for good so should we talk about what our relations between our countries and their investment and economic.