i'm christine. culture is that so much going to do you choose it is to find the friends in the absence of peace process the palestinians will ask the united nations to upgrade their current observer status so that a full member state. the

shore of the c.e.o. before it's here lies mother down one of the most extreme regions of russia you can get the most remote parts of to costco and you cuccia from here. these are such as off to what may well turn out to be a sensation they know that something unusual has been found on the banks of one of the rivers in the country's north the scientists want to see whether the find is indeed just unique because they have been led to believe if it turns out to be true the scientific community will get an intriguing glimpse of what life on earth was like thousands of years ago. expedition will travel across western and northeastern yakutia a wealth of remains of extinct animals dating back to the ice age is hidden beneath

the permafrost a number of fossils and tusks have been found here. however the find that the researches are after is something special create historic bison completely mummified by nature. or some forty mummified animal remains have been found in the world since biology became a science two hundred years ago some twenty of them are more or less in good condition all the others are just fragments legs skulls and the like are only two pies and have been found over the years one in alaska and the other here you know from what i've seen much more is left of this one this is why it is more valuable for research it's. some time ago geologists found in a ray of mammoth fossils in this out of the way part of russia. it was the world's first and most large scale expedition of its kind scientists believe the area is full of relics from the late pleistocene epoch that period came to an end some

eleven thousand years ago approximately the same time the last remaining mammoths died out on the rest of the continent leaving behind that tusks from a kind. of material which in this organic tooth tissue called tenzin is really remarkable stuff. if you know this is the last front tooth from a mammoth. it was an extraordinary animal the people are fountains of years ago were aware of its useful properties here where they used the stuff to make the first tools utensils even works of aunts and people have always been fascinated by the material. it's a coat courageous village of a new school as a population of about five hundred to situated on the banks of the mali and really river. nearly all the villages that spend the brief summer in the tundra anti-car tending reindeer hunting and fishing from here

the expedition heads for the site with the primitive bison was found snippets of what you can just be sure to do what the man who steers the boat will repel may brush against the riverbed in shallow places but if that happens don't panic the people know the lay of the land well and they'll tell you what to do if need be it's with you. here you can easily get around by water people mostly use lightweight boats for the purpose but explorers should be aware of the difficulties that local rivers have and still. there are geologists biologists and paleontologists among expedition members travelling to this remote and cold environment has been a cherished ambition for many of. since its formation several thousand years ago the mallee and we river has kept many secrets about the ice age in a way it's banks. it's the believe there is an abundance of animal fossils here

even if people were to come from all over to dig them up it would take several years to finish the job. the expedition camps out on a patch of land by the river. the cliff where the bison nami was found is across it it's some local saw the animal when they were travelling past the place by boat at that moment a huge chunk of permafrost collapsed into the water to reveal them on the five corpse the find was immediately reported to fyodor should love ski he is officially licensed to collect paleontological objects in this area it was fyodor and organized the expedition and prepared a camp for field research. she wouldn't know shit today i think that we need to inspect the place and just relax a bit before we would like to move to that side because you cannot postpone your

sleeve beauty smoldered you would have been evening everybody will come up with a plan of their own and will correct everything with pretty cute. tagging along with the expedition is our county should love ski both the son of the organizer and the youngest member of the group of all the others arrived he had already gathered a huge number of ancient fossils found in the area the group has taken a lively interest collection. this is a bison horn. well preserved because it was kept in a natural freezer. thanks a lot of very let me shake your hands well done. work like that for another two days and then we'll send you back home. at the moment this one squash interesting it's a mammoth it's still points are divided into three sections which points to its very old age such plates are often found in early elephants. the only number is an extinct member of the elephant family during the ice age

woolly mammoths lived in most areas of eurasia or in north america there is no trunks was small of them there was a play elephants but their tusks were much larger. it is speculated that such mammoths lived in groups led by older females current theory suggests that they became extinct due to climate change and over hunting. the last nine months lived in the late pleistocene ipad. today visitors are free to take a stroll in the park dating back to the place to say neera it's the result of the efforts of scientists. in fenced off one hundred sixty square kilometers of forest tundra shrubs lakes and swamps the park is situated seventy kilometers from expeditions field camp and jako says northeast the arctic ocean is only one hundred

fifty kilometers away. from the water in the bog that was here a few thousand years ago never dried up today there is grass here so of course it's become grass when it is the least twenty twenty five centimeters long to figure for bison is fourteen centimeters it can be assumed therefore the bison nibbled at the lower grass level as the trail behind the horse's. zimm of a mr reconstruct what he calls the mammoth step. this ecosystem was predominant in the optics of the late place to seen huge herds of large herbivores which as mammoths really rhinos running their horses bison used to graze here. why many of the species died out approximately ten thousand years ago is still unclear another ice age came to an end around the same time they gave way to swamps

and tundra the ecosystem of mt steps in the north had completely changed and she would you feel today's climate to you would suit mammoth steps of mara blizzards i can't even seen my mind so i'd animals creating pastures for themselves would you do these horses and bison hadn't seen one another for twelve thousand years but their genetic memory tells them after just a couple months that they do you know one another if i did i will recall the mammoth two are there they count that's the least thing we want they'll do are everything around here. two members of the expedition are live missy and feel to share the back of their job is to look for a mammoth tusks eleven fielder are together almost all the time but when it comes to looking for fossils they part ways neil one wants to share his secrets with the

other. with good reason there is steep slopes all along the bank everybody knows that mammoth tells can be found here although many people are on the lookout if you actually find any you obviously have got some secrets to keep what you need in his job his determination. the first step is a careful inspection of the steep slopes from a boat to molly and he is a tributary of the river colima each spring rain and water from melted snow flood the tree the tree over flowing water washes the bank away forcing permafrost to treat as a result big chunks of rock tumble down into the water to expose i spout knishes deep inside. the macdonald not first of all you must know what it looks like. you should look forward everywhere. i dream about finding a mammoth goal. that's my aim here of after all others have found such things.

only people whose job is looking for tusks know the telltale signs of where they hide shallow waters of the best place for tusk comes in. with a great stroke of luck phil has found a tusk of impressive size. going on for this one is easy to carry it anyways but thirty kilograms. of. rain has brought work at the burial site to an abrupt halt life in the camp has come to a standstill. we'll . bring you the latest in science and technology from around russia.

we've got the future covered.

when there was a lot of sunshine in chicago cut the grass and follows close stronger with each passing day. when the icy nice with the bison have been found melted away mummified animal was instantly moved into an ice hops and with the traffic we're about to enter a unique place but it's a gift people from the northern climates and i'm a frost makes it possible to stall food yes but it's a remarkable place there's nothing special about this small ice house but it is unique nonetheless but now we get to see something even more exciting in science ok

. the corridor and cells of the ice house were hollowed out by hand inside an enormous ice formation the walls and floor i'm a device each year they're sprayed with water ventilation is checked at the same time this makes it possible to maintain the low temperature and humidity. experion usually warm this summer in chicago. but you know permafrost began to degrade and rapidly melt away and we feared we might lose the bison buried in it. consequently members of my team moved it to designs house as fast as possible we have. specialists instantly try to find out what caused the animals death the bison tail stands upright instead of being pressed against the body this in direct sign may indicate that quickly suffocated many others have theories of

their own. sure you might have died when the spinal cord skull was suddenly fractured. in other words it might have been buried under falling rock. also it could have fallen through a crack and. when we were moving it into this cell i was saddened to see that one of its horns has been severely damaged i do you know rourke there's a crack at the bottom of the boat. and that means that the skull must have suffered a serious injury. either this happened after its death or it was the cause of it stand. chances are something helped it landed a natural trap. but it's possible that we know that lions were around here at the time and strew permafrost is an excellent job of preserving the bison soft tissues and even characteristic smell that's a pretty strong smell there yes it smells like

a cow from tuskegee. as far as can be see there are no major injuries of the parson's body according to the tentative assessment the bison died during the pleistocene period it's body has spent around thirty thousand years in the last. war the scientists are delighted to see that here the bison is in the sort of environment that existed of years ago. some of them working on the bank today. he would get around to get as much information as they can and when they're on the front line is it wasn't until. the summer heat has radically changed the shape of the cliff where the police story by some was found to scientists to blunt the boat not far off on the five burial plots. we do know with me this is where the only place in was found we need to establish when and how the animal delayed and

the natural environment there was typical of that. period where to begin with you will agree. the cleft contains clay repeat streaks in it this is the best material for radio carbon measurements radio carbon dating will help establish the period when the bison lived clay accumulated during cold periods where as peat formed when the climate became warm. or she was disposed to this is pete here you can find anything you like grass insects and little twig such perfect was more than. the bison may have been in a bold like this one but you. and i will need to find out whether this kind of peas . is also on the other side of a bank or a. puddle do you think the ripples in this formation date back to those times i'm sure they do it highlights the relief of the period between the period when our

bison lived abroad. in a lake with ripples of that. the bison was in a nice situation in one of the pete's top players one thing is crystal clear it was not a natural death otherwise insects would be to not the parsons body scientists speculate that after the bison died mud quickly enveloped its body and saved it from predators and the natural deep freeze prevented it from decomposition it was was not. disposable but now a bison might have been swept away by floodwaters and brought here. as a surprise in its most of being too weak to resist the flood. and. i thought also the small amount of peat here points to a building process that is about it was that there wasn't a body it was in fact in a swamp that is. so he might have drowned in it or go like you.

ancient fossils now with tusks found in this area a unique materials but carves. this is a standard but workshop it contains a wealth of natural specimens and manmade figurines. the moment we are vere mammoth tusks more than any other bones you know about but they are valuable if only because they were underground for thousands of years before somebody chanced upon them or someone you know and the objects we make from them will survive for hundreds of years to delight people to. play therefore we treasure mammoth tusks of. bone carvers can't afford to make mistakes a faulty cut cannot be undone all compositions are unique works of art it isn't possible to fake or imitate each object costs a lot of money nearly all of the world's moments connoisseurs and both in

collectors and for dish and. the greens of mammoths made from toss. the moment the mammoth does six and fossils are best preserved in permafrost out of the would be frozen earth begins thawing is witnessed decomposes of the work that was going to photoshop but what does kes residing in permafrost like this one are absolutely in tatters here when we were that sort and she said. this is one of the permafrost areas. of a scientist founded the northeastern research station the rocky bank of the river it takes four and a half hours by air to get to the nearest city zero flora tree attracts scientists college students from all over the world. they're interested in is enough studies of permafrost anomalous and valleys the fact that the station is far removed from

civilization nearly every summer college students come here from the united states to work on various international projects. where i live is that for a player as well but where you go to school that is the third of it and then that that is the way. pleistocene park is one of said gazing off so most ambitious projects in recent years he has been doing his best to bring in various species of herbivores. these young elks are in for a long journey from a small pen to freedom. is easy if you think you know it was hell k. there you go. to if you're looking at him. with a forth that's it pick up that well there are

a few things if they've been around for a month one of the else was very sick and we had to work hard to nor seem back to health. now that there are fewer mosquitoes here there extend be released into the pork ok case. closed to seen pock is a very hot of permafrost forty kilometers from the station. during the summer it can only be reached by boat the elks a transfer to the ocean with utmost care. is in office always at the wheel on such occasions. this is not the first time that he has used this small motorboat to transport tunnels. near the place where i live is the world's least accessible point economically speaking or the method of transport

costs more than anywhere else we brought the mosque buffaloes by motor boat from rango island. the young helps us become accustomed to humans and learn to trust them for that reason they patiently wait for the chance to go free. park staff carry the animals by hand from the bank to the can. but before they're let into the wild it will go through a period of a climatized nation. off the leaves that the bulls can survive in these rigorous conditions more of a they can radically change the landscape. that will be a good bit should be an open landscape with scattered tribes whooshes fur trees

tiny bruce a lake sense trimmed grass why do they mow the grass and corpse you may ask that's because there were millions of early wars in the old piece your have their way you have a crass was there staple food it's the sort of landscape that man is used to i'm comfortable here i'm trying to recreate the natural environment in which my distant ancestors lived. so cold arctic steps existed in the north thousands of years ago an abundance of food attracted namath's and other have with those. early man quickly followed suit . today most of the people living in this rugged region mine precious metals.

this is a gold mining field in chukotka in russia's far east ironically it is the cause of the gold industry that now matzoh been found scraping off the top layer of permafrost in search of mineral wealth revealed these prehistoric maids but sometimes they emerge naturally. people don't know why permafrost sometimes looks to forms it's because there's a foreign object lying underneath which has been there for tens or even hundreds of thousands of years and all the sudden frost begins spirit out in the end the object shows up in the midst of tundra not edging for the pace of several millimeters a year. over the course of many years the majority of unique prehistoric objects have been found in the permafrost they have been dug up in the russian far east

altai on the southern europe. these remains of a woolly rhino cave there bison among the five horse legs and a complete one year old mammoth all give us an idea of what these prehistoric animals look like. the fossils of primitive predators herbivores provide unique material for studying animal d.n.a. from the ice age. the. bull is widely different from all known fragments of prehistoric hoofed animals. scientists have concluded that it is the world's most complete mummy of atheism it is much better preserved than flew baby the famous mummy of a bison found in alaska. at the summer. this is

a true scientific sensation such fines are absolutely unique something similar is found it is just fragments in most cases but this is a perfect carcass of a voice or we can get an idea of what it looked like what was inside its body and what he ate shortly before his death and much more. the next scientific expedition to this cold harsh environment may well result in another sub sessional find remains of a cave lying been found close to the site where the chilcote couple died.

you know how sometimes you see a story and it seems so you think you understand it and then when something else and you hear or see some other part of it and realized everything you thought you don't know i'm sorry welcome to the big picture. wealthy british style. the type of. market why not. come to. find out what's really happening to the global economy with mike's cars or run no holds barred look at the global financial headlines tune into cars a report on our t.v. . emissions free accreditation free news for

judges free. range mims free. three stooges side free. download free blog just plug in video for your media projects and free media gogarty dot com. the education. the air.