with somebody's opinion there are lots of reasons why the general assembly votes for various things they could vote already or this we're out of time we're out of time ok that's right and i saw your eyes or last conversation and i can't even get you to go to ground anything can i thank you for being here that's going to go our clocks show we will be back with more news. along with the weapons grade plutonium is turned into a vital new recently nuclear waste becomes a fuel serenely to the environment and energy outposts among the ends of the earth russian scientists lead the way in making these innovations a reality in a country free from here's a nuclear lives the peaceful revolution in the public energy technology something we've done in the future or covered. down the official t.m.p.

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to make humans three. three stooges free. download free books just plug in video for your media projects and free media john to our teton tom. a charmer in here broadcasting live from washington d.c. coming up today on the big picture.

hello and welcome to technology update in this episode we'll be exploring the revolution going on in atomic energy the need for increasing amounts of power is being tempered by fears of nuclear proliferation and safety concerns over the next twenty five minutes we'll be asking just how peaceful is the peaceful out of as developing nations get richer and more populous global demand for energy is on the rise according to estimates world electricity consumption is said to grow by more than seventy five percent by two thousand and thirty five. as many countries worried about the harmful effect fossil fuels have on the climate there's a big push to move away from coal gas and oil for power generation. but they believe the world's. consumption of electricity is growing and so is production of the figure has been basically stable for many years sometimes it can

vary for quite a number of reasons but generally one should note that global electricity consumption is growing at annual rates of about three to five percent this is a trend evolution progress and development of all civilization in general. and atomic energy is going to have to play a big part in meeting our increasing needs there are currently around fifty new reactors under construction in the world for the next twenty years electricity production from nuclear power is projected to more than double the present there's at least thirty countries operating more than four hundred nuclear power plants worldwide the united states has by far the largest number of facilities they may be the leader in nominal terms nuclear energy certainly plays the biggest role in france were accounts for about seventy five percent of all electricity generation

earlier this year iran fired up its long delayed to share reactor and connect it to the nation's power grid while western nations are suspicious of their intentions officials in tehran argue that they're only interested in the peaceful benefits of nuclear technology but when you speak about nuclear reactors it's not the only concern it's still chatter. and charging meltdown of the core scenario like in focal shima. the disaster in japan has reignited some fears about the dangers associated with atomic energy even though the march two thousand and eleven incident was the result of a unique sequence of events many anti-nuclear activists think it's just a matter of time before the next disaster strikes the scenario how it could happen could be absolutely different you do not need tsunami or wait for eat there was a technique of a few months human being. mistakes. culture of labor that threat has driven many concerned citizens out onto the streets and protests hundreds of

thousands in germany alone the nation's parliament passed legislation designed to eventually make the country nuclear free however this renewed concern was not isolated to just germany similar rallies took place in korea taiwan and france as well despite the ongoing worries about the viability of nuclear power we're likely going to continue to rely on atomic energy for at least a part of our needs russian scientists and engineers are drawing on decades of experience to make the next generation of reactors as safe as possible but in order to understand the future we have to look to the past which takes us to the belly arced power station and that is some one thousand miles east of moscow the plan began life as one of the most advanced nuclear power stations in the world construction of what was to become the globe's first graphite moderated reactor got underway in one thousand fifty eight and a few years later a second more powerful reactor was built together the two generated more than two

hundred fifty megawatts of electricity or enough to provide a city of one million people with lighting and other modern amenities. looking at present nuclear capacity the vast majority of the world's atomic power comes from pressurized water reactors there are about two hundred fifty of this kind in operation across the globe and these old cell reactors are most prevalent in france as well as in the u.s. and russia next we have boiling water reactors in these the coolant isn't as highly pressurized which allows it to boil hence its name from about half of japan's nuclear plants are of this design gas called reactors as the name suggests utilize gas instead of water which often allows these to transfer much more heat to the generator resulting in greater efficiency then there are white water graphite moderator reactors which are called high power channel reactors. in the former soviet union lastly pressurized heavy water reactors are most common in canada here

and they did the data designs of the past and are pushing ahead with that breeder reactors well the technology isn't exactly brand new it's still thought to be the future of nuclear energy production. this is what's called bill we are six three four of the first and only currently operating reactor on the site to be and six hundred is housed here which has been churning out electricity and thermal heat for the region's residents since one thousand nine hundred eighty. look at the notable we've been six hundred care unit has been operating for over thirty years. and has been extended till twenty twenty. prospects in terms of producing renewable nuclear fuel and fast neutron reactors like the v.n. six hundred energy is produced in the core when fast neutrons are absorbed by a fist so isotopes like uranium two thirty five a fast neutron to travel at a very high speed around fourteen million meters per second after an isotope captures one of these neutrons it forms

a highly unstable variation that then quickly turns into energy in the form of heat and more neutrons criticality is reached when there's enough to sell isotopes to sustain a chain reaction unlike in traditional thermal reactors there's no moderator involved which allows the free neutrons to was around at speeds fast enough to keep the reaction going. despite its old age it's still on the cutting edge of nuclear technology in fact sodium cooled fast neutron reactors like the b. and six hundred have been designated by the u.s. department of energy as the next generation of nuclear power if the course surrounded by a fertile play could have your rainy into thirty eight concrete new nuclear fuel from spent usable material when operating in the so-called breeder mode fast reactors like the b m six hundred can create more fuel than they actually. burn that can then be used at other nuclear power plants as fuel. for the killing of

many innovative solutions implemented in the design of this cow a unit. of this reactor is based on the principles of natural self protection. to be in the six hundred power units active zone as a very even and how it feels with the pressure and signs of a still is very low question shows a reduced load only reactor vessel given the sodium which is used as the coolant is not very corrosive in nature which has a positive impact on construction materials that's a pretty sight a triple circuit cooling system has been appliance as well as an intermediate sodium circuit in which the sodium is no longer radioactive it's all the same that flows into deterred by generators is already seen and known radioactive. thanks to that technology the reactors are able to churn out six hundred megawatts of electricity from this hot steam is turned into power and delivered to the region

script to get a longer lease of life the place generators are modernized a host of other changes were made to make it even safer. according to the design there was initially no reserve control point to three spots we had some upgrade it was in order to extend its operation to a full reserve control point was built it includes the key technological features required to supervise a they react is condition in the case of an emergency failure because a reserve control board is necessary for such emergency. but that reserve point is only necessary if something were to go wrong with this main control room from here all the plants are constantly monitored while there have been a handful of incidents with the b.n. six hundred reactor all of them are minor and do not fire so designated. urgency action however officials are now confident that all the kinks have been worked out

but all the plants new safety features and technology having come cheap. generally is false neutral reacts is presently somewhat more expensive but with time as prices for nuclear fuel keep rising as a result of diminishing resources the contractors will be in greater demand this is a general trend all over the world recognized by france india china and even the us has resumed its work in this field. as the price for uranium goes up russia will be in a better position than most that's because in addition to the already operating be at six hundred in the coming years they'll be the next generation be an eight hundred. thirty active construction of the unit again in two thousand and six that's when we finish building the pit for the main vessel and constructed a powerful three meter think monolithic strike have to go under the reactor and a one meter thick block for the turbine home. work on the fourth

reactor until the yard actually started back in one thousand nine hundred three but construction was halted in one thousand nine hundred six following the disaster churn noble since that time however the authorities have realized the increasing need for clean efficient energy for that reason back in two thousand and six the russian government added there would be an eight hundred to a federal program came to developing the country's nuclear power capacity construction is well advanced until york four which will housed the first be an eight hundred reactor from the afrikaans of design bureau but that's not the only thing claimed at the site. you see in red is what's already been built green is still under construction as you can imagine the main building is a wonder how is the be an eight hundred reactor that is nearly equal importance is the waste treatment facility here highly radioactive. material will be transformed into a new fuel and in a few years time construction should also be going on to other structures to be in

twelve hundred reactor and the. three hundred. number of innovative solutions have been adopted into the eight hundred designed to enhance nuclear radiation safety crucially the new reactor. operating pressure the natural high thermal capacity of sodium as. a protective vessel problem free operation just like the b. and six hundred the new reactor will be able to work in breeder mode which means they can create new fuel for other power plants. based on an agreement with the united states the reactor can be used to weapons grade plutonium which ought to help nonproliferation efforts. this reactor has all the best elements that were used in debian six hundred but with certain modifications they rose during the alteration of the reactor as you may know the dns six hundred has been an authorization for moving thirty years of calls it was invaluable to have both the

manufacturing plans and the design the code in producing and designing the b.n. six hundred employees have also experienced this time while the b. and six hundred laid the groundwork for the current reactor under construction and the experience being gained from the b. and eight hundred is already being put to use here and where you can find the institute for physics and power engineering. has been a leading scientific center since the days of the soviet union they're currently working on another fast neutral reactor could be in twelve hundred. of these are developed the play in increasing role in the country's nuclear industry. small series the twelve hundred power units could be used to develop a few infrastructure necessary for reactive technology which would allow us to start introducing reactors on an intense. basis in the nuclear power industry by the twenty first. despite its increased production capacity up to one thousand two

hundred megawatts the reactor core is expected to be significantly smaller in size and its predecessors but innovation here doesn't stop with. scientists are also researching other types of liquid metal coolant the most promising appears to be another high powered fast neutron reactor cooled by a. high capacity fast neutron reactors are not the only way forward for russia's nuclear industry a team of engineers is working on a new design that takes a totally different approach to atomic energy. centers of culture combines a technological innovation as the workforce of the country's nuclear industry for constant design bureau is developing the very latest high temp gas called power plants. in one thousand nine hundred five there was a renewed interest in this technology. the russian ministry of atomic energy signed an international agreement with private companies. general atomics from the united

states from its home i'm future electric from japan. because your joint projects called treaty charge was launched as part of the public private partnership for a year. now the project under design is a helium turbine reactor in some ways it acts like a normal nuclear power station but greatly improves both safety and efficiency heat is transferred to the electricity generator by high pressure helium gas rather than through pipes containing water that only has one heat transfer mechanism instead of two or more. that means the generator will be much more effective than traditional . simply put on loads of complex hardware are needed but that offers not only benefits in terms of efficiency but should make the helium reactor safer as well without any water involved in the. transfer there's no risk of a steam explosion. because of its huge mass

the presence of temperature resistant that cereals and the absence of metallic materials the backs of zone can never melt and you because you base properties insured by the type of materials used by special configuration of the acts of zone . engineers are harder work to put the projects into practice in addition to a safer reactor number of innovations should reduce the risk of nuclear proliferation or one think the special design of its fuel will ensure that weapons grade plutonium is destroyed in the fission process in two thousand and ten the gas turbine much of the reactor was included in an international nuclear disposition strategy together with other nuclear institutes around russia the afrikaans of design is in the process of testing many of the newly developed technologies in this reactor could produce nearly three hundred megawatts of electricity the power

in your t.v. is only one of the ways but if you. bequest a new species to nuclear energy six or focus on basic mishti and the immense market of no knowledge trick complications of atomic power that's exactly what we've been doing researching and developing projects and we're really seeing the implementation of nuclear energy and the no no electric sphere so you have these. one way that this new reactor tried could find its place in the market concerns how we get from point a to point b. over a quarter of all energy related carbon emissions come from transport a figure that the i.a.e.a. predicts to double in twenty years time that with international arrangements like the kyoto protocol many nations are counting carbon emissions like i kill calories the high temperature inside the reactor core the able to produce hydrocarbons such as. hydrogen from through a chemical and electrochemical decomposition of a stroke that essentially means that we can get

a new fuel source to power our cars just from water as the world's population continues to grow people are moving further and further afield to live work and get at precious natural resources a new russian design will soon bring the benefits of nuclear energy to the most remote locations of the technology making that possible everything to the linen no not that when in the nuclear powered icebreaker in one thousand fifty nine it was the first of a country's civil atomic fleet nearly twenty years later in the arctic of which was used as the police mode for most that hit the water after it since then russia's been tearing through the arctic steak ice thanks to extra strong holes and they just flow pushed provided by nuclear powered engines since there to view russia has churned out increasingly sophisticated models like the timer and your mom the most recent addition to the nuclear powered civil fleet is a ship whose name could be translated as the fiftieth anniversary of victory this

behemoth is the final arctic a class icebreaker the vessel has no problems dealing with whatever the freezing cold water up north throws it is with its atomic germ propeller and innovative spoon shaped bow they can cut through ice up to nearly ten feet thick and pose a top cruising speed of over twenty one knots and now that it's seaboard it can be used to clear the way for cargo ships navigating the northern passage. however it's also function as a tourist vessel leaving trips up to the north pole. its home has been outfitted with additional cabins as well as a swimming pool gym a library and restaurants. all ships like this are impressive in their own right but really exceptional as was being developed on the basis of their nuclear technology. to do since the beginning of this century nasr our industry has been actively working on. an innovative and absolutely unique project a special purpose nuclear station unique in every sense of the word that meets the

requirements of the russian technical supervisory authority c m the russian maritime register of shipping. and international supervising organizations including the international atomic energy agency. again here i'm talking about the floating nuclear power plant. war. russia is using the core technology for nuclear powered subs and icebreakers to build more well power stations these could in theory be dark anywhere along the coast where they can offer a stable supply of both electricity and heat to nearby populations in many cases they'll be more economical or called an oil supplies remain costly in difficult each foreign plant will be far less expensive than traditional nuclear stations and could produce enough energy to power a city of two hundred thousand it is to yours. ministrations and

governments of countries. that are presently experiencing a shortage of energy are greatly interested in this project. primarily these are island states such as in the southeast asian region as well as a number of developing states. if we don't have the opportunity to use nuclear technologies that are very much interested in the. motor and. the first of these floating in outposts is the academic a lot of construction on its twenty one and a half thousand ton hole started back in two thousand and seven the massive vessel was outfitted with two modified cayle forty s reactors originally designed for nuclear ships and submarines. was launched into the waters off of st petersburg in two thousand and ten and is slated to come online sometime next year in view chines

a city on russia's come chapter. quite fittingly it will help provide energy to the atomic submarine base out in the far east in addition to supplying power to isolated communities officials expect to be great demand for ships like this which could also power offshore oil rigs you know. a global professional communities recognizes russia's leadership in this sphere. and also a certain concern from the viewpoint of competitive advantage in this area would. given the country's edge in a toilet ship building there's likely going to be a lot more work to be done at this production facility at the baltics key shipyard the floating power plants will be constructed here with the reactors and then shipped off to their final destinations for ever that may be. in their going after which is responsible for the project on. be leasing the ships to other nations that

means that if and when the time comes to pull up anchor the power plant and any potentially dangerous material will be towed back to russia since the forty power plants are based on tried and true technology and utilize existing production facilities to simply nothing standing in the way of turning the idea into a money making cash cow for the massive barge make it all the glory impress business and photos the whole thing is only as powerful as the reactor at the heart of it. this is a reactor unit that's used as the energy source of the floating nuclear power station. that's being built in st petersburg right now. so it's based on the reacts. breakers of the russian fleet. however

into the greatest ensure higher level of safety. russia's floating nuclear barges will be true of these bad boys each cayle t. forty s. is designed to pump out around thirty five megawatts of electricity and produce about two hundred forty tons of steam power is a pressurized water reactor fueled by enriched uranium according to the designers the nuclear fuel up to about fifteen to eighteen percent some argue that having such radioactive material just bobbing in the waves off the coast could make these ships both the safety and proliferation risk for them or they could be a potential terrorist targets officials however claim they're even safer based reactors. the modified stations were designed and built. by the afrikan to design the same company responsible for it and some of the others highlighted earlier in the program and this design the skilled russian engineers have turned their

watchful eyes and. super powerful computers to maximizing efficiency and safety of russia's floating nuclear fleet. using the latest technology these engineers are able to map out bit by bit just what the finished product will look like as well as one models to test how will perform under specified conditions. with the calle t forty s are already taking care of they've now focused their attention to the next generation reactor for floating power stations. we didn't start with that project we've developed and almost finalized a project for a new floating prime station unit this will be a new integral reactor but presently there's nothing like this in the world just yet so this project is being developed with the help of the supercomputer technologies. in addition to providing a new source of energy these nuclear reactors can help solve another global problem the heat in steam produced can be used to desalinate water which can turn

a dry thirsty city into a desert away says it's indisputable that more and more energy will be needed to meet the world's growing demand of course there are risks involved with nuclear power but thanks to innovations like those you've seen today the industry is doing it's hard to balance potential threats and benefits so we'll see you next time and until then enjoy the ride. the issue is that so much. music has to find the mark less human failing state unfolding in front of our arms protests around the country demand prejean change while at the same time the death toll.

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