this is the only place in the world where two ng she'd call to sit stand so close to each other. in the middle ages russia's border run along the short rhythm of the rover was hit that even border an old russian fortress was built opposite nanda the living room. in the mid twentieth century hysteria was part of the soviet union a friendship in the two towns. and even in effect a single municipality with a common infrastructure and transport system a stone eons in russians lived here side by side when a stony achieved independence in one thousand nine hundred one the border along another over liver was reinstated the so-called friendship bridge became a checkpoint with flags of two different states once again flying over the old fortresses.

before a stone you know won independence in one thousand nine hundred one the struggle for secession from the soviet union in this republic was exceptionally peaceful. and the country managed to avoid the bloodshed that was characteristic of its baltic neighbors and not fear. that this is the historical wide hall of fame parliament. came here in the late summer of one thousand nine hundred ninety one to declare recognition. of the three baltic republics yeltsin said here flanked by the

chairmen of their parliaments garman off represented latvia last previous from lithuania in original from a store near you also made a speech here he signed three treaties with the baltic states. estonian historian mark lara began his struggle for his country's independence in the mid one nine hundred eighty s. he organized and took part in numerous acts of protest. the most high profile of them was the famous bowl to weigh in on august twenty third one thousand nine hundred nine people in the three soviet baltic republics of lithuania latvia and the stonier formed a six hundred kilometer human chain linking the three capitals. on the reserve and . i began my struggle against communism when i was still a college student at the same time i campaigned for a stony as independence which was a logical thing to do and if we had lost our freedom as a result of

a pact between two regimes that ism and communism. as a staunch opponent of communism mark clark twice held the post of premier after a stone erupt and independence now here's the country's defense minister. in the soviet union victory in world war two was celebrated on may the ninth mark lerner was one of those responsible for instituting a new date for a stone you think c.j. there is marked in the european style on may eighth but celebrations on that date more of an entirely different kind. of what we dare freedom fighters. sixty six years ago today. on may eighth one thousand nine hundred forty five. get world war two. officially came to an end.

by freedom fighters the defense minister means the few surviving veterans of the twentieth estonian s.s. division and all those who fought on the side of nazi germany the veterans have been brought to the german cemetery on the outskirts of tal in where their brothers in arms of. the police banned speeches by representatives of public organizations wreaths from the government and other official agencies. on the same evening the chairman of the anti fascist coalition of a stone year retired colonel vladimir matelot was making preparations for victory day kyra hello karl this is a matelot speaking how are you remember what we have agreed to do you're wearing

all your medals right that's because he you and i are going to be taking the main wreaths to the bronze soldier monument saw that their. public displays of soviet symbols are banned in a stern year even though an exception has been made for veterans on may the eighth and ninth they were at risk if they venture out into the streets wearing their medals on victory day. on previous occasions youngsters would come up to you and spit in your face there were cases like that. but that's not the way the where the medals now that's the situation here. it's not an honor any longer. the russian military cemetery in tallinn this memorial symbolizes the country's liberation from fascist troops it is informally known as the bronze soldier may the ninth is not a public holiday in

a stone year thousands of people seek to obtain permission to be absent from work in order to come to the monument and greet the veterans. thank you thank you laurie to our north yours. was. up until two thousand and seven the memorial stood on thomas maggie square in central talon in two thousand and six this tony and government relocated the bronze soldier there were strong protests by the russophone population russian speakers account for one third of the republic's total inhabitants even a stone stone to protest. what we call on the people to make legal protests without violating the constitution or laws of a stonier dimitri linter is the organizer of the night watch movement the new public organization sought to have the government repeal its decision to relocate the bomb soldier activists organized around the clock vigil near the monument was

dismantled people came to protest. i. know. it's it is grace it's it is drinks it's a disgrace. to support our standard and there were five or six thousand people there but it's not only it. was. on the march and i had two kids with me when police launched a special operation to push the crowd back plain clothes men came up to me pointed to the snipers who are at the top of the building and said i better leave this place but it's the sharpshooters were over there and they're my brother and also in that tower i put up with on the windows were open.

and i would do the following morning i was arrested in my home and put in prison after. the rest some of the night was. czech tourist didn't affect the situation in any radical way. the day after the dispersal of the first demonstration thousands of people tend to the money together this time police used tougher methods to break up the crowd with flash bang grenades and take. more than one hundred fifty people were injured in two days of clashes with police one man died in hospital all that happened in the early hours of april twenty seventh two thousand and seven which are since become known in a certain manner as the brahms night. dimitri linter was already in prison at that time but this is talon central prison . mysel was number five on the second floor. they kept many different cells but

here we can see it. was charged with spreading lies in media interviews about tough police behavior and accused of spreading anti-government sentiment to place. it all came under article two three eight of the criminal code concerning the organization of mass protests. dimitri spend seven months in prison one investigation was in progress in the end all charges against him were lifted. finnish historian and head of the anti fascist center in helsinki johan blackman has published a work which he says proves the soviet troops didn't occupy stonier. i rejected the occupation myth regrettably of this me it is the basis of the policy of our guard hiding as tony had to do with this thread.

johann backman was deprived of the right to enter a stone year he had visited on many occasions before but when he arrived at the port of talon by ferry. he was immediately detained and led to the headquarters of the border service. there i was told that i was no longer. because of what they described. as prison. people are divided into two groups non-citizens are those who have political and other rights. non-citizens are those who are deprived of those rights they hold great passports. only. a minor television channel its programmes often show what officials. tend to ignore. in two thousand and eight to worm his way into the confidence of the farmer in the village of.

i met with the farm owner that's him. he invites friends who fought on the side of the third reich to his place. they are always welcome in the farmers home they can stay for the night there. he has a big collection of old german films he shows them to his guests telling them that if the other side had won the war maybe life would be better now. very many young people visit him judging by the pictures they looked like skinheads. the owner of the farm. in a nearby village nobody has ever seen it open entering it. its windows display a picture of a soldier of nazi germany. does not heed the thousands of

protesters who gathered on the square in two thousand and seven. the bronze soldier monument to the liberation of thailand was moved to the city's outskirts today there is nothing but its old spot. we never thought we would live to hear my grandfather asking for advice on whether he should wear his medals when he goes out on may ninth. and never occurred to us that a public display of decorations awarded for the fight against fascism might be banned in europe that he was responsible for the loss of so many lives there. on victory day may the ninth people still bring flowers not only to the military cemetery but also to the square the former location of the bronze soldier.

question is that so much of our lot of people at the hearing of all that is it all worth tell a difference western liberal interventionism is it ever justified for such military interventions within the confines of international law or is there a case where. a stone here was the first former soviet republic to join the euro zone. herman but obama is president of the talent institute for economics and management he knows

only too well the price the a stone in government had to pay for overcoming the economic problems and meeting the terms required for joining the euro zone. risky. everything was done to make it seem that the budget had a very low deficit and prevent inflation low pensions expensive medical care growth and exercises and the like it is good that we became more attractive for investors to study but actually there are the poorer sections of the population had to pay for all that. member of parliament he malenko agreed to take part in an experiment suggested by journalists on a popular internet site his task was to see how he would survive on a subsistence wage for a month. shopping was something of an ordeal for him

a link he couldn't afford to spend even one cent above his budget because otherwise he would have ruined the experiment. just the minimum a subsistence wage in a story a was sixty four euros that comes down to two euros a day. these pastries are telling the central marketplace this morning. both cost fifty euro cents worth of what these locally grown cabbages are the cheapest here i eat them for vitamins and here is the cheapest cheese at that point. nearly every day he posted reports on his expenditures on the internet by the end of the month the whole nation was following his daily reports he received hundreds of letters with people offering advice support. the experiment was even reported by the international media i think that's why all of

a sudden the stone in government jacked up a living wage by thirteen euro's to seventy seven. but don't forget that this sum could buy i mean either soap nor toothpaste nothing but food reward oil. anastasio guide to change spends almost all of her pension to pay for utilities now she can only rely on a small part of land ten kilometers from town she cycles there several times a week to see how a crop is fairing mortgage the three well i'm too old for walk in the me i would ship but my bike takes me there thing gotta have it. off we go my dollar. that's a good boy. and it's just see a is a russian by nationality when a stone is declared independence in one thousand nine hundred one she backed the

idea and even voted for secession in a referendum she has lived in a stone here for many years as a good command of this journey and language she received a blue passport after a problem free process of naturalization. when the bronze soldier affair broke out and they expose themselves as a people harboring ill will. but i no longer wanted to be a citizen or support such policies as i knew that i thought that it was a disgrace. so i gave up estonian citizenship. at the schools are. no other is a town on a stone years northwestern border. nearly all major industrial plants have been closed down here in the past ten years. this tannery is the only left over from the soviet union of ten lathes only one is to the operation one thousand three hundred

jobs have been cut down to sixty. i'm lucky to see that this plant is still operational even turns out some new products that you won't be able to find anywhere else in the stonier. being a production manager i won't be able to find a job anywhere else this is the only tannery here and many other people also will be able find a different job. nearly fifty percent of novice population is jobless most of a stone is russians are so-called norm citizens the great passports given the right to enter russia without a visa. selling cheaper russian goods on the black market mostly cigarettes and liquor is one of the most common forms of making a living here people avoid bringing in more than a permitted amount of time so as not to be detained at the border. we shall all six

or seven times a day it's a small business you know half of the people in town live off earth if the border were blocked i can't imagine how things would work out here. a pack of cheap cigarettes costs less than fifty euro cents in russia in no over a woman standing outside shops all day long sell them at double the price expensive cigarettes are not brought in there was almost no demand for the people holding great passports have difficulty finding a job outside nada to. the great passport alone infringes upon my civil rights i was born here i am entitled to a citizens passport nobody wants me to be able to vote they see no point in that we are slaves here that's all there is to it. dystonia and government planning to introduce to reform by two thousand and seven. the prime objective was to make sure that all of the country's high schools including russian language ones used as stony and in the classroom but pressure from the e.u.

brought about an amendment to the education law the abrupt change in legislation allows other languages to. when the apparent liberalism of a study and school legislation has been handsomely made up for by the severity of municipal and government bureaucrats not one of the high schools has since been able to use its right to teach in another language not even such schools as pushkin high school which is more than one hundred years old. the high school named after the russian north of push kin the town of tar two is the pride of the stone years russian language schools even parents from neighboring population centers have sort of mission for the children. react in a mathematician was appointed head of the school's teaching department in one thousand and four while she was in that post the school acquired a distinctive sphere and a special style of teaching moreover it became

a center of russian culture in tartu in two thousand and three however the education ministry fired the school's principal. they had my spirit changed radically with the arrival of the new principal. changed so much so that the teachers were afraid of talking to me. they didn't want to the principal to see that they were still on good terms with me that three year victoria tried to keep the spirit of the school alive but in the end she gave up and quit her job. with the i didn't like the new principal saying that the old that democracy should be scaled down. she would say russians needed to be promoted all the time. it pains me to see my teachers losing their sense of dignity.

right of that you see. what's especially poland is that humiliated teachers had to face their pupils or pressure you over this but many years have passed but i still recall those things with tears in my eyes. many ethnic a stern in seek employment abroad precisely because they speak russian then land is actively promoting relations with russia with each year the number of tourists visiting both countries grows. when you know russian speaking drivers when i were tourists going to russia it's important that there are skilled dry worse with a good command of russian they find it easier to get around there if they speak russian when russian tourists come to finland they always get

a russian speaking driver who can tell them about the place and give advice. two weeks in finland one week at home this is the operating schedule of the estonian driver all the cooler after he got employment with a finnish bus company in two thousand and nine he bought a house his cherished dream the money here it was enough to buy a lot of land pay for the design the building process takes all his free time all the cooler must finish everything before winter to settle down with his family in a new house. over wages in western countries are three to four times higher than in a stone i quit my job of my own accord to earn a little money while i was still a young man many of my friends work in finland some are drivers others are construction workers still others work in norway. there was a time when dimitri lim so run

a thriving business in tallinn selling exotic goods from india but in a surprise move a stone in police began putting pressure on his business in the aftermath of his active participation in the two thousand and seven protests. but she says my partners gave in to pressure by special services and broke contracts with me because there were quite open about it. today dimitri cannot find either a job or this false start up a business in the stonier instead he makes a living in russia once a monthly visits his home country to see his son. be careful there are photos of where he was the ones a very shop full bore what your hands little boys what it was like your thinking shop or thank you the border was very shocked. after spending a couple of days at home dmitri again goes abroad to earn money.

because from prison one day the people of a stallion will no longer be divided into friends and foes and his energy and entrepreneurial talent will once again be required in his home country. very first verses of the bible is that all human beings are created but sentimental came in god's image and it doesn't say just jews or non jews. sixty seventy percent of what i did as a combat soldier not to buy territories was to do with deterrents doing what we call making our presence felt to go out should some bozo they hear a knock on some doors run to the other corner invade another house religion and

nationalism not just judaism have been a part of the problem they've been part of what leads to. bloodshed if you want to bomb gaza and kill a thousand four hundred people in a month and you want to expect that this will have no effect until a few you have to be either extremely naive or extremely stupid. to hear a religious jew calling another jew and not the way they really did it.

see anger in athens crowds are a little make a rubber stamp a new property tax as the government scramble for the dead rescued cash in germany . also this hour as government forces storm a key opposition town in syria must focus on both sides to control rejecting western sanctions. and violence flares between the breakaway costs of zero seven cost of a. disputed border crossing. welcoming watching our team from moscow with me kevin zero in this hour is no one i am here angry greeks are gathering in athens in protest of politicians approving an unpopular new property tax which is said to be collecting through people's electricity bills as part of measures to secure the next vital debt bailout installment.