heading off to sleep after hours of celebration but here in moscow we're already over two hours into two thousand and twelve further west dozens of countries from europe throughout africa and then the americas are no doubt getting it the champagne on ice and setting out the fireworks and then completing of the circle american samoa would be the last to leave two thousand and eleven behind some twenty five hours after the other half of the samoan islands change chain did the same. in the west he is known as santa claus of but in russia's he is known as father frost the mysterious man who lives at far in the north and travels across the country on new year's eve spreading gifts as well as festive spirit russia being the world's most expensive country celebrates a new year nine times thanks to its nine time zones nine hours ago the country's far east crossed into two thousand and twelve and people there are probably still celebrating homes in russia. no doubt raised a glass or two as well at the same time as those that did in sydney and melbourne

and australia after that two thousand and twelve made its way through russia's siberia cities of. the countries papa new guinea and as well next with a champagne toast where the residents of the russian city screw fall in the same time zone as japan and the koreas then three hours ago four hours ago actually new year's came to the cities of crimes they are scanned zeal along with china singapore malaysia and the philippines and two thousand and twelve continue to march across siberia it reached such cities as novosibirsk its residents celebrating along with thailand and vietnam and just over two hours ago as midnight hour crept closer to the russian capital it reached the city's if you cut city to bergen chelyabinsk russia's western most point in the baltic city of clinton drive was at the last one to celebrate the new year just a bit ago. and now to the events that shaped two thousand and eleven and are

expected to dominate the new year as well russia saw the year close amid protests with demonstrations over the results of russia's parliamentary elections the people returned to the polls in march to vote for the country's next president parties karen. explains what's behind the protests in russia for two decades. i have been near to everybody very interesting first to say a very fond and very regulated new years here on red square everybody laughing yelling fireworks going off but more importantly with the protests this year in december amidst many many sort of claims of ballot box stuffing that coming after the december fourth parliamentary elections where united russia did win two hundred and thirty eight of the four hundred fifty seats in parliament protesters took to the streets first on december tenth where. ministry reporting twenty five thousand

protesters of course the opposition counting somewhat fifty thousand protesters another sanction protests taking place on the socket of a square there we saw about thirty thousand protesters the number is growing and opposition claiming one hundred twenty thousand were calling for fair and free elections reaction in president prime minister putin was a very positive one they actually enforce the people and they want the people to come forward and express their right to voice their opinion so in that regard a very good reaction from the government also a lot of proposals have been put in place by president. really calling for a rebuilding so to speak of the electric oriel system sort of looking at the governors the way the governors are like to russia at the moment they are led to by the president president medvedev hopes so that he can change that he wants to bring it back to the way it was in the early ninety's and then it was done away with in

the early two thousand a system where the governors are elected by the people or by political parties it's not yet known how that will play out but he does want to bring that vote sort of destabilize the power in russia also currently in order for political parties to register ten thousand votes he wants to drop down that number to something a five hundred. in order to run for presidency out an independent candidate must find two million signatures in order to run for the presidency he would like that vote as well those signatures drop down to three hundred thousand so those reforms being put forth hopefully will be approved and those are the changes at the moment those are the reactions by the government to these massive protests overall a very good reaction. reporting for us the very from moscow now you go to whole of the institute of world economy and international relations in moscow

doesn't believe the results of the russian elections could have been rigged on a massive scale. it's hard to imagine how it can wriggle actions on a massive scale with paper system. and an army of over half a million observers monitoring the election it's hard to measure how it can wriggle actions on a massive scale with paper system that it's twenty one and an army of a half a million observers morning touring the election every location all over russia so i think the problem is more social logical saw there has risen up in a new breed of people younger people blow years ago. came into power first as prime minister and later the president russia was haunted by the legacy of the collapse of the soviet union it had all out war in the north caucuses and this war was spreading into russian mainland these problems have been solved during the years no new generation of people they care about absolute

a different problem the magnitude of the problems have totally changed they care more about honesty about ethical issues about their authenticity here and basically this is the fact that pushes people into the streets which it has proven to be a very good politician and now he is a party. politics and his first twelve years first as prime minister then as president and then as prime minister again have proven to be very successful you have to remember the twelve years ago russia was of the age of its existence and now russia is. a developing economy it's the fastest growing economy and europe. that has almost doubled in the recent decade. and now it's one of the stories that has been making the headlines during the past year massive protests swept across greece where angry crowds clashed with police over government austerity measures the country remains under intense pressure from the european union end of the

international monetary fund to make savings cuts to qualify for desperately needed a bailout money our correspondents our first witness to the worsening crisis in greece in two thousand and eleven and reports from athens on what's been a turbulent year with an uncertain want to head. well it's just been such a challenging year for the people here in the country because it's all about that this year that the bailout that that very severe aspects of this now in real terms of the people hit us that just cause all of this heat get a little bit like it's really affected so many people here in the country every household felt the brunt of this the scene and you close the famous springing up here in the country even here this evening the results that are very clear you can see lots of people out of the sea fleet thing on the streets tonight so many different people signed up to say discontent and so many young people it's all that you were speaking to buttin fifty is

a very nascent dated very well educated people that are happening to grapple with extremely big issues and they're you know doing their part c. turning out in some states and really making us who we evaluate the way we fools about the usa and in europe as a whole new prime minister lucas papademos said has said summing up the years events that we still face the big challenges they faced it all they can and put all their asses in see the mating within the human race and of course the one thing i can tell you is that the people here in queens the love thing that they're going to want in two thousand and twelve is going to be more and the rhetoric because i'm putting we see too much of that this year where it's profit and serious action in the situation just seeming to deteriorate to the time with the world leaders that you're insane leaders always a few paces behind you know they said just real impact on people's lives to save weaving food into the new year what people are going to want to be seeing is the will develop that to two thousand and eleven has been the year of dissent then

maybe we can hope for two thousand and twelve to be the year development because people here want to see some real changes and so whilst tonight people are going to be celebrating the new year and seeing that and celebrating with friends and family is good. it can bring the fleet because it could save you money you know it's going to be very tough yet. furthur porting for us there from athens now so tyrannies lecture at the university of the a g n in greece believes that the country will see even more social devastation in two thousand and twelve and euro kratz in brussels are to blame people are in despair. unemployment has really. seen before they have a public spending cut. salaries are minus thirty five percent we're being told we're going to do it maybe more ten years it was still

going to reach this level and when we count the first time we were talking about big things so i remember that not true of course of the country i think you were like you were referring to both case is over we had a strong rejection the world this policy so the thing with the government was no way to change it by the european union and the i.m.f. has said no we're going to come around no you cannot have an election you're going to have a european central bank or a prime minister whether you like even though you're going first coach told his moves or stuff that people in the streets tell riddick that then you can have an election but this is a mockery of democracy. and now we crossed to the third top story that shapes two thousand and eleven time magazine has chosen an unknown protester as the person of the year just one of hundreds of thousands who hit the streets to demonstrate in countries across the globe and helped overthrow the regimes of three arab countries

journalist and author william and dull says what happened in one of them libya is not about democracy but a way for nato to gain control in the middle east. i think they can look forward to pure hell. the opposition groups were given a promise by the french well before the. ouster of the cut off the government that they would get a chunk of the oil revenues and that was the incentive they were armed by the west and now libya is being converted according to the latest information into a giant nato aircraft carrier if you will and the libyan oil is being used as a bargaining chip with japan and others hillary clinton has promised libyan oil reportedly in return for japanese reducing its intake of iranian oil and putting financial pressure on iran so we can see what what the game is in libya is not about democracy or libyan welfare its about using that to militarize the entire eurasian land mass and us president barack obama has side of the defense bill

despite serious reservations by critics over the handling of terror suspects the new law means any person can be detained without charge he's also brought into force the latest round of tough sanctions against iran author and radio host stephen london says this may lead to u.s. war against iraq. obama isn't puerile he time it's dissidents he time gets whistleblowers he's extremely repressive he's going after one country in the middle east after another i use of for a year his policy is ravaging the world hope one country isn't time syrians in the spotlight now a rich man it absolutely is on the list and the era of it obama simply can't wait to stand another war and this could be a war against the rich people means that the entire region could become in flames russia and china in strategic interests in the region they may get involved to

protect them in syria alone is you know russia has it all the mediterranean base entire to syria it does not want to lose it it will do what it needs to to protect it so we're talking about a clash of titans and one more thing the real time good for america the real two targets for america are russia because of its military strength china because of its growing economic strength and china is certainly no was military but russia is the big one between russia and america they have ninety seven percent of the world's nuclear arsenal and sophisticated delivery systems descended many where russia is the number one time it for that reason sooner or later that clash is coming. two thousand and twelve has yet to reach the united states where the east

coast there is nine hours behind moscow but when it does arrive about just under seven hours from now it promises to be a busy year anti-corporate occupy protests will continue the economy remains in deep trouble and there is the small matter of a presidential election barack obama is running for a second term but who he will be running against is not yet known our correspondent marina porter tells us if there is anyone he should be worried about. for the past three years us president barack obama has faced an increasing amount of disappointment among his volunteers former volunteers former voters and when he came into office those that supported him and helped him break records when it came to campaign contributions that he received were did see obama come into office

under the umbrella of the promise of change and then followed up and extended what many perceive to be bush era policies such as doubling down on the patriot act and extending tax cuts for the rich also way you creasing drone attacks in this at the same time corporate profits have increased here in the united states over the past three years while more americans are suffering in the wake of the financial crisis so while many americans put their beliefs and their hopes into candidate barack obama three years ago many has been publicly speaking out over their disappointment with regards to the actions that he has taken it looks as though according to polls that u.s. rock you have president obama will possibly most likely secure a second term and there are two candidates that he should be obviously paying much attention to and i would say that would be mitt romney and ron paul because those

are the two republican candidates that are leading the polls in iowa where the first u.s. caucus will take place on january third so there is competition for u.s. president barack obama it's not a landslide by any means but but he does have at least almost half of the country's approval rating so going into a second term a possible second term that doesn't look so bad but it will be a fierce election one we will be reporting on and paying attention to. are there for us in new york now staying with us there in two thousand and eleven they witnessed of the biggest wave of protests since the vietnam war demonstrators have been united under the occupy umbrella as the movement became known which sprang up in wall street in new york more than five months ago and economic analyst max fraud wolf explained what's been the driving force behind the protests. the occupy wall street movement has mostly given voice to

a sense of frustration and anger about unfairness as an and justices both real and perceived that a lot of people have about the economy i think it's an ambiguous that the u.s. economy doesn't work doesn't work very well overall the g.d.p. growth is for our present eight point six percent unemployment is probably under reporting and it's quite high the high level of college debt that people are coming out with young people and student loan debt and their inability to get a jobs or b. jobs that pay them enough to live and pay back their debt makes very clear that the united states has serious economic problems we haven't really seen anything like a suggestion about a different plan or a different way of organizing the economy come out of the occupy wall street movement yet now it's also a very young movement so that may evolve somewhere down the line but this looks like to me like the early stages of something with a lot more to calm most of the story yet to be written so to speak i i think what we're seeing is frost duration and anger of people beginning to coalesce around that frustration and anger but i for one haven't seen real proposals on economic

policy yet you may see a bit more of that this year as it's election time and policy issues i think authorities had hoped the movement would kind of fizzle out or go away and when it didn't want to back grew and got more and more attention and more and more adherence there was a little bit of a heavy handed over response by authorities that involved using force part of the reason it's a problem is because what it tends to do is bring out more protesters and raise public sympathy for the protesters the ham handed and overly marshall response to protest has actually helped to build the occupy wall street movement well england had a scorching august but it has nothing to do with the summer sun a wave of riots and looting seemingly sprang up from nowhere gripping london for days and spreading to other cities nationwide with buildings torched and streets trashed police struggled to contain the worst violence in decades archies lawyer smith who watched events said the unrest was unprecedented. blew up seemingly out

of a very small vigil for a young black man who was allegedly shot by police in north london a group from the big chill and it turned into nationwide rioting essentially out of control and that the violence was particularly in those first couple of days with an escalating all the time eventually it grew from london and in suburban the manchester all the cities but only in england interesting a note in scotland yard and away. the police response was i think very slow certainly in the first couple of days the police literally didn't know what to do they turned up at a scene where people had set fire to cause all to shops along the street they would charge in vos numbers and then not knowing what to do when they got there they would retreat as fast for the government so much of the government was on holiday of course because they go on holiday notice a prime minister david cameron eventually came back from his holiday as did to him secretary and the matter of london boris johnson and essentially told people what no teach children they were being and how they had to go back to school and teach

something the media blamed it on a sort of something for nothing mentality but eventually it's come out really the other people's sort is a symptom of deeper ills in society the fact that you services have been caught and that the relationship between young people young black people particularly and the police is very bad and i was talking to some people on the street has a nice actually he was saying that they didn't feel that anything had been done to address these problems a lot of rhetoric but not any actual action. which is laura smith reporting for us there in london and investigative journalist a tony gosling says injustice in the u.k. sparked the unrest. there was all sorts of problems at the time with the police and of course it was the shooting of mark duggan that sparked it but the london school of economics and also the guardian have done a very comprehensive report actually interviewing lots of the rioters some of whom were convicted some of whom were convicted but it's absolutely clear one hundred

percent that the reason behind this really was a treat for the police in this country which is goes right across many of the sink estates in the country they see i think most people see the police many of the rights to see the police as in forcing a kind of unjust system and a lack of justice there's a whole bunch of people in society who are disenfranchised right now including many of the middle classes but i think particularly young people feel utterly betrayed by our political hierarchy by our leadership here in britain particular these youngsters are not stupid they can see when you've got a crooked corrupt and rotten political class. some other world news for you in brief this hour. a fifteen year old has been killed by a tear gas canister as riot police clashed with demonstrators in several cities in one of the biggest days of protests in the gulf kingdom of jordan months crowds have been calling for the trial of police officers that they believe are behind the

killing of almost forty protestors demonstrators want action after a government sponsored inquiry found evidence of torture and other abuses against the detainees following arab spring unrest in two thousand and eleven. president goodluck jonathan says hill shut borders two affected areas and have found to crush militants responsible for christmas day attacks which killed dozens of violence has continued throughout the country since it began six days ago the most recent were four people killed in an explosion near a mosque in the northern city of them i.e. do gury an army spokesman has blamed the blast on the islamist group boko haram which has also claimed responsibility for the attacks targeting churches across the country of course this is happening in nigeria. demonstrators in turkey have clashed with police during a second day of protests over a military airstrike that killed thirty five kurds on wednesday thousands rallied

in the city of. we are back here after the funerals of the kurdish civilians took place at least thirty people were arrested as police used tear gas and water cannons to disperse them pro kurdish parties have requested a u.n. investigation into the strike. on the son of the late to north korean leader kim jong il kim jong un has been formally named supreme commander of the country's armed forces senior government officials declared kim jong un head of the communist party on thursday following his father's memorial the move is seen as the twenty. seven year old consolidating his authority over the nation kim jong il who had ruled since nine hundred ninety four died of a heart attack two weeks ago. and that's the news that for now stay with me for a recap on the headlines and lots more to come and a happy new year from all of us to you. from here couple of moscow up in new york

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well we're in an interesting position here where it is two thousand and twelve in singapore six thirty in the morning there but it's only two thousand and eleven three thirty in the afternoon in tucson arizona if you're watching bear but two thousand and twelve is finally here in moscow happy new year to all of you watching our team wherever in the world you may be russia has been marking the arrival of the new year with grand fireworks displays and celebrations across the whole country from all of us here we wish you a happy and prosperous twelve months ahead. and we have our special report coming up next.

the white sea its surface remains choked with ice when at least seven months a year. the chilly breath of the arctic ocean keeps the water freezing cold. near the coast however the high winds and bitter cold recede. that even in winter also can be seen through holes in the ice. cold squeals and cracking sounds can often be heard around the many things. this is how so-called canaries of the sea communicate. and typically they hide under the ice and the white sea is the natural habitat.