russia closed on our. top stories this hour u.n. security council foreign ministers launched a renewed effort to solve the deepening syrian crisis but the u.s. and its allies are reportedly considering direct intervention. resignations of our zeros a number of key staff at the qatar and the arabic news channel quit they claim the networks reporting from syria is biased towards the opposition. plus i've got a star the man's justice for the massacre of sixteen civilians by a u.s. soldier just weeks after the burning of the koran cut military personnel ignited and the american sentiment across the country. and up next for you the story of a british double agent who spent years spying for the soviet union.

his life was shrouded in secrecy and he left a remarkable legacy. he received decorations from the spanish dictator franco and queen elizabeth of britain. who shook hands with hitler and swiftly rose to the top of the british intelligence service. but the whole time he was in for six years agent. many sorts one rival that kim philby a newcomer during his life and a quarter of a century after his death is still the subject of continuing debate.

the cambridge graduate realizes what's in store for him when he agrees to go to regions in the center of london for a secret meeting. but he couldn't even imagine how dramatically his life would change after that with a stranger. an economic crisis breaks out in the west in the one nine hundred thirty s. stock exchanges have collapsed elling the beginning of the great depression the british labor party suffered a defeat. just follow on the heels of one another in britain progressive minded young people begin to sympathise with communist ideals. there was a hunger about it came through cambridge in in february i think thirty four so this was the first time that the privilege students had actually seen working class people they felt guilt about being thorough privileged they felt horror at seeing the poverty in britain in the early one nine hundred the. kill philby is among the

aristocracy cambridge students helping to provide food for the hungry unemployed he's reading economics at trinity college filled it becomes a member of cambridge university's socialist society where communist changes have a good deal of political leverage with the students the economics was the most radical object in cambridge in the twenty's and that if no economic was being discussed. hitler comes to power in germany in nineteen thirty three europe becomes infected with nazi ideology. after graduating from college will be hands to a restless austria for the first time he sees the horrors of fascism with his own eyes filled to help smuggle disgraced communists out of the country. sunny's cheyenne and first strike looks nonassertive he's a typical bookworm he's ready to do anything for his nosy for consideration by nature she's prone to pessimism so she needs cheering up. the sylvia's

intelligence headquarters receive that summary of character of the potential recruit from its agent on old village for his first encounter with kim philby. the second meeting which took a long mosco decides to recruit him the timing couldn't have been better this philby isabelle to join the communist party of great britain but soviet intelligence has very different plans for him. the edge you must change. the perception people have you way from being left wing possibly communist. the recruit to exactly the opposite you have to build up my fashions front and then you can proceed to lifelong son of a russian intelligence penetrate the british intelligence of those. philby a greens without further consideration the cambridge graduate takes on the role of

a fascist but upholding the cause of communism. he joined the anglo german fellowship he began to cover himself off from these socialist wanted friends. and gradually formed a new persona for himself. with the help of new contacts philby heads for germany where he meets with foreign minister von ribbentrop. when soviet intelligence decides to send philby to spain a country being torn apart by civil war it was ribbentrop himself who helped get him the visa. and the times newspaper credits bill because it recalls that with franco's armed forces beyond journalist and intelligence of the greeks the benefits of beginner's luck on christmas eve of nine hundred thirty seven he was writing and a jeep other jeep was hit with a near it a mortar shell there were four of them in that jeep three were killed kim philby

was not history would have been so different if he had died with the other three that day franco personally decorates the young journalist with a medal for valor he doesn't even suspect that the man is only too willing to assassinate him. placated pretty good be original plan was to kill frank carter the job was interested to fill but he was supposed to shoot him or something like that but the plan was aborted the reasoning was that in order fastest would simply step into franco's shoes near hale begins to enjoy it more trust from both soviets and british however he isn't recruited by british intelligence until the start of world war two. in one nine hundred forty poland is occupied and france surrenders. philby joined m i six where he gives lessons on some advantage and subversion philby once he gets into m i six positions

himself in a way to get as much information as possible and have some good and gets access to the archives there is virtually nothing in our cards during the second world war two which will be does not have access. to whitfield who is in charge of the s i s archives have become quite a friend of mine the other night he for pete jim's which i shared this friendly connection paid off and i was usually in a position to get files rather more quickly and easily the many my colleagues. the rev of the rose to be. the british intelligence representative. in charge of the whole of the iberian peninsula which was quite an important job because all the peace favors that came from germany towards britain during that difficult period when it was doubtful whether britain could stand the gutsy attack

came through the our very belligerent papers. during world war two lesley parker's a top secret location in britain the most valuable information comes from this including center. british forces can be coded into said. the german radio messages faster than anyone else. but they're not prepared to share much information with a soviet allies. britain possesses several german made the need cryptographic machines they can only decode messages if they recognize the key the problem is that the germans change that every day going to be to prevent others from listening to their secrets. when you set up the machine to a k.t. there are a huge number of possible ones that you would use. the figure that he's often quoted is about one hundred fifty eight million million

million different ways. british mathematicians solved the problem by inventing a machine cooled bomb for the express purpose of identifying the keys it works around the clock processing millions of combinations in search of the only correct one overseas during feeding the whole process up and able to write that code within approximately fifteen to twenty minutes where it would take you several days during the pendulum by. bicycle korea's take information to london as soon as it's processed in fact stolen quite often proceeds as many reports decoded bletchley as churchill sometimes is even the first to get them. to cooperate stunning if europe has come to the conclusion that the rapid campaign against the soviet union is necessary on the grounds that ukraine should be in german hands before holist position of southern russia is essential since it allows for alternative

base for advanced towards iraq. over the course of world war two fill the sense nine hundred fourteen documents to moscow even though his records are so valuable that they're immediately sent on to stalin's desk there are times when moscow is distrustful of its. shades notably kim philby they believe that he must be swindling them because nobody could get hold of the careless purposes and they even send some coup to person to follow him or. to try him making contact with the british deceived as they were deceiving us having. a turning point in relations with the british agents follows a defining moment in the course of the war philby as the first tool of stone into operation citadel plans german advance against course the largest tank battle of world war two would involve twelve hundred tanks in a head on clash i mean given the fun's morning soviet troops mounting offensive

leaving enemy forces no chance of success. the germans pulled back after losing about half a million lines of the battle the soviet troops then forge ahead no longer on the retreat. and were still going to do so above everything else he reveled in the outcome of the course. i did it he would say he was proud of the fact that he had supplied very detailed military tactical and strategic secrets that helped win that decisive battle against the way in is that i think it's if you think. of no less importance is the fact that philby supplies dispatches about the situation in the allied camp as well as about the enemy. thoughts of the current union of allies would not a loft. long before the end of the war with germany the secret intelligence service began to turn this force towards the next enemy which really was the greater part of the service his resources had been devoted to the protection of the soviet union

when he defeated the axis was in such a serious thinking reverted to its old channels. m i six sets up a special division for soviet studies moscow gives the talents of british intelligence officers of the tusk of penetrating into. kim philby exceeds all expectations in less than six months a soviet agent becomes head of the division charged with chancery the soviet threat in other words he's the person who is in a position to look at everything that we know that. the soviet union and soviet intelligence is doing. not simply in britain and the context that it has with people in the communist party so that was an extraordinary achievement. by a twist of fate philby's voce recommends him for an award for his services to britain during world war two the queen personally decorates him with the most excellent order of the british empire the career of the intelligence officer

continues to rise he becomes one of the candidates for the post of head of m i six the highest ranking british intelligence. officer is that so much given it is usually finishing up our mining mark when we cast the media middle east and beyond what is the condition of the arab spring our humanitarian interventions effective what about the war. you know sometimes you see a story and it seems so you think you understand it and then you glimpse something else you hear or see some other part of it and realize everything you thought you knew you don't know i'm sorry welcome to the big picture.

philby a sense to washington in nineteen forty nine to promote contact between u.k. and u.s. secret service it's as a result of the soviet agent finds himself at the heart of every british and american intelligence operation during one of the most tense periods of the cold war. is well aware of all undercover operations against countries of the socialist bloc in particular he learns about subversive plans in albania area and the soviet union itself groups of saboteurs were regularly air dropped into those countries. with british and americans exchange precise information about the timing and geographical coordinates of their operations i do not know what happened to those groups but i can make an informed guess. the biggest breakthrough by far of american intelligence during the period where. washington is wartime soviet codes. kim philby looks on as the americans pinpoint the source leaking

intelligence about the development of a uranium bomb to the soviet union in one nine hundred forty three united states is raiding itself to become the world's first superpower with the help of a nuclear bomb but it soon turns out that the soviet union had created an exact replica when the americans eventually picric servia radio grams they learned that the nuclear leak had originated at the british embassy the circle begins to narrow the field he finds a soviet agent donald mclean on a list of suspects he felt obliged. partly to protect himself because he didn't know how much mclean you know about his role. so he did. fill the seats help from a friend and fellow soviet agent guy burgess like philby burgess is working in washington at the same time moreover he's even living in philby's home. burgess's

task is to meet mcclain in london to help him flee to the soviet union before he can be interrogated one of the things that kim philby had said to burgess go back and alert him but do not affect yourself because it will bring out attention to me here in the united states what horrifies philby is the oldest goes well and bridges promised him that he wouldn't go as well and from that moment on woods will be as on the as a special shortly afterwards philby is recalled to london to face a series of protected interrogations the british stage an on and off mock trial over the course of five years but they failed to uncover enough incriminating evidence to prosecute philby as an insider and a seasoned intelligence officer he knows all too well how the system works the prosecutor cannot. give away the reason that he is suspicious of you without also giving away. he came to receive that information as he said they

would say how do you explain he would say a condominium not just be coincidence and he stonewalled block so the investigators a lot of words interrogators a lot of i couldn't pin him down you mean yeah philby suffered from vertigo he often said that if british counterintelligence attempted to torture him with heights during interrogation in the early one nine hundred fifty s. he would completely spill the beans. even though the investigation into filby is closed he's fired from his job at the intelligence service in one nine hundred fifty five washington insists that the case. they reopened the media aprile they depict philby as a victim of persecution the british foreign secretary is compelled to make a public statement clearing him of all suspicions philby also has to make a public appearance there was

a third man we're back but third man you know i was not. after several years of interactivity philby rejoins the british intelligence service former fellow officers don't question his innocence to find a job for him in beirut where he fishley works reporter for the observer and the economist. for covering. your egypt so were most of the time of travelling from beirut our base where we're covering sort of kurdish and war richard beeston is one of those who maintains close contact with philby in beirut the two men often drink and picnic together no doubt a local britons have already heard a lot about the reputation of the man who had helped soviet agents to defect. but nobody musters enough courage to ask the question point blank however the curiosity of easterns wife eventually gets the better off. without thinking

a lot and she turned to him and said are you really this man and he said what would you do if if you have a great friend of yours who is going to get into trouble with wario locals your country or your friendship. so he really gave it away. it's not until nine hundred sixty two with my six gets hold of credible information from a defector kim philby is finally revealed as a soviet agent. nicholas elliott his fellow officer travels to be read to interrogate him and fielding makes a partial confession. what he admitted was being russian agent one hundred forty six you know great. time and so on but not after one hundred forty six and elliott and m i six believe that now they are actually the head of m i five and the head of a buy six joint three write a letter to the head of the f.b.i. i j edgar hoover saying we believe will be has told the truth only worked for the

russians until one forty six the few days later when for believes russia they realize that it's all of really rather embarrassing. philby's escaped to the country he spent thirty years spying for is now we never the bill in january nine hundred sixty three he sets foot on soviet soil so philby spends his fifty first winter in moscow. is surrounded with care and attention and secrecy. in the us as the englishman becomes comrade under a field of huge margins. the interest in kim philby has never waned there was very significant efforts to try to monitor what he was doing and so union he was the comfortable life. eleanor's flats in the center of moscow being the apartment of the foreign service offices he had

k.g.b. people to carry on these everywhere we want to go to the bolshoi to control ra one of the table restaurant was done for. phil he enjoys the perks but he's aching to get back into action. he seeks work because in general but instead all he gets is a general's pension. film is seen as a hero and he's even awarded the order of lenin the country's highest decoration. yes he's not let out of his golden cage. he would tell me that he had been overflowing with information he would write numerous memos but later he realized nobody needed all that you can imagine how that ground knowledgeable man must have felt it's no wonder he was prone to drinking bouts once he remarked if that hard drinking was the easiest to way of suicide i suspect that initially he might even

have been doing it with that same interview after. griffin a tries to help him overcome his destructive habit kim coles the other woman of his life and boasts about her in letters to friends radio journalist eric to morning is one of them. and like boasting or abasing myself when i see that her mother is ten days younger than i am anyway i can attest that the giving of my life is golden. refiner was put off by the fact that she was twenty years cam's junior but she succumbs to his being wish. ken proposes to her after just a couple of dates. but he told me right away he wanted to take me to siberia. i thought it was a funny proposal anyone would laugh at the prospect of spending one's honeymoon in siberia it's like go into exile.

they travel a lot together both across the vast soviet union and in several socialist countries . guerrier is their favorite because of the cuisine the. gym is a talented cook but he's unable to show off his skills to the full given the widespread shortages in the serviette union. once we try to buy goods we were told each of us was entitle it only to one half of a goose there was the rule in those days i still remember the miserable expression on kim's face but i can't cook half a goose he explained so i had to plead with the shop's top manager to sell us an entire goose and he compliant that was our joint military. while living in the soviet union will be mrs some of the home comforts of england.

be set aside a special funds to pay for them. before each trip to denmark or i would see the head of the intelligence department to get his permission were you to buy thousand dollars worth of goods for philby or for your money for a true taste tweed jackets and of course whiskey or some of his favorite things. in the one nine hundred seventy s. nicholas behind the k.g.b. his decision to open a school to train young men to be secret service operatives classes are held at a secret location downtown moscow at long last kim philby has been given the opportunity to lecture a grateful audience on the operations of the british intelligence service and teaches them how to analyze political events. it's the utility i love the brain teasers he gave us i remember philby posing as someone representing the fabric and

we were supposed to spot a tiny piece of very important information in what he was saying as a turned out it was contained in the pope's recent circular letter like some of the political accents there could change public opinion and all of latin america something that would be a complete folly to ignore what it really was a great analyst and scholar present at the school phillip knightley is the only western journalist to be allowed to see kim philby the opportunity comes only in one thousand nine hundred eighty eight when perestroika is the order of the day knightley spent nearly a week with philby allowing him to make up his mind about the former agent it was an ideological commitment and anybody who says it was not. didn't understand. all the stories about living in poverty are long need to go back to england complete rubbish as an idea and. i'm going to run.

one for colleagues not only must. wherever i go i want the to be buried in a fair bit of the country which i consider three my own country ever since nineteen thirty one thirty when. he was disappointed with brezhnev but he thought well under polls things were going well and the future for socialism was bright. he didn't live to see the collapse of the soviet so have you heard. she once told me she wanted to become an orchestral conductor classical music inspired him she always won his arms while listening to it. we often listen to frank sinatra's my way together. kim's life his character and his aspirations for in harmony with that song.

god. and the. soil. of find. his treasure he's an extremely able try to see this regardless of old the names they call him i think the english are proud of phil de france to them only an englishman could be a man of such stature and such integrity and goodness in the long run when you use contributions is the intelligence was. a major player people don't forget who came philby as here we are talking about how many died in one thousand eighty eight and they still talk about one says he had his own more and more talent he did it. were.