thanks for joining our tea with me karen tyrone cheers a quick recap of your headlines moscow says there is no alternative to the u.n. all boys peace plan and syria stressing it will not allow a military intervention with both sides to blame for the violence russia has proposed an international conference trees solve the conflict of. demonstrators breaking the law and now face higher fines than russia bats as analysts claim the protest movement support and numbers are dwindling. and are eastern europe correspondent investigates why as strongly as security police blacklisted him after a series of reports about some of the country's policies. a lot of be it from me

but now where is the biggest threat to nuclear nonproliferation coming from the answer is and spotlight with all that's next on our. welcome to spotlight. on arts i'm. were filming the program in berlin. in june this year the german capital ousting the anniversary conference of the luxembourg forum on preventing new clear contrast leaving x x

leaders and politicians from around the globe have gathered here to evaluate the actual threat to nuclear nonproliferation that trying to name the regions of the countries where such a threat may be coming they also discuss such issues as the possibility of a compromise between russia and the west on such issues for example as the a.b.m. system deployment and you are these are the subjects that we will talk about today with the president of the international forum. the neatly and nonproliferation treaty was signed over half a century ago but nuclear weapons are still a huge issue since then if you knew states claimed they had obtained atomic bombs including the isolated and unpredictable north korea terrorists who can get access to nukes are great concern to especially amid nuclear ambitions unstable middle

east three scenes in an effort to unite the world's leading nonproliferation and security experts the luxembourg forum was tweeted it's the most important result of the international conference on preventing nuclear catastrophe which was held in luxembourg in two thousand and seven since the very beginning the renowned businessman and philanthropist dr v. just last counter has been the forum's president. hello mr kantor and welcome to our program hello i'll start with a couple of general questions first of all the venue this time is berlin but how do you choose the location it's called election work for him because he started in luxembourg but how do you choose a venue. it was you but well in this case it's quite obvious. there has been a change in loder so in many of europe's largest and strongest nation is. the national which makes berlin a logical choice. so suddenly it's legit. so we decided with

france and italy and some other important to european nations having new leadership when germany's role in preventing a nuclear disaster he's bound to increase. by at the moment so we thought he would be wise to attract the attention of the international community forum by holding it in berlin. as far as i understand your sponsoring the forum with your own money at your own initiative but that we also try to raise money otherwise and overall is it worth the money you're spending so you've got. well yes that would fortunately well to be precise this isn't my money or rather it's not just my money. the funding for the form comes from the european council on tall rents in eureka. meeting where i am merely

a court chairman. another cochairman former polish president alexander cost me of what that is the actual sponsor. if it will form and the reason endowment is courageous steered in luxembourg that raises funds for all the operations and activities of the organization and then i will rephrase my question as co-chairs you and mr quest the esky have to report to the endowment in its trustees about how that money is used there must have been considerable sums committed in the past five years is it worth it be the flu or beyond any doubt we are happy with the luxembourg forum we held at fourteen meetings over the past five years hosted by practically every major capital in the world where crucial decisions are made of the top. washington moscow london paris

and now we've made it to berlin but it is the big deal if there is that so you're saying the form is worth its salt at the same time here is your recent quote the world has become much more tense and much more unsafe than it was a year ago we've even closer to breaking point in global security what makes you say that would you consider yourself a pessimist or a just well informed. related should you well know what though it is a let me put it blaine in simple. the weird to you the major challenges to global security come from in the context it looks not work for us it's two nations iran if that and north korea. do believe that iran's nuclear program is with a tension a dangerous path for its neighbors and the world in general should linea.

well let's take a look at the facts you've when you were on the report today or in his own most of the six thousand centrifuges that operate around the clock in the college that's and that number is increasing civil iran has about six times three point five percent alone reached uranium. in addition it has about a hundred and seventy kilograms of uranium in reach to twenty percent up a little what does this mean. that iran is already in position of enough uranium to produce seven or eight warheads. but these are the facts that now there is another interesting consideration. the i.e. has been asking iran why do you need military technology is on the button why do

you need the so-called nuclear explosive devices. an actual meaning other components that are of no use for anything except for the production of nuclear weapons that you thought that it got it and he i.e. he's getting no answers we're not talking about our expert community a big key authority in this syria that is not getting the answers the league grew up with the let them. look at the you voicing their opinion of the luxembourg form certainly as far as i can see it's rather in line with the stance of the west then with that of moscow because as far as i understand he is the least correct me if i'm wrong if these positions differ somewhat to the west generally has a sharper response to this progress to the point of discussing airstrikes against iran's nuclear facilities or is moscow keeps saying it doesn't see a thread this is a peaceful program in iran has the right to develop civilian nuclear facilities

with just that against you know we are now entering an area that is in effect to very important. this is. why do we need a toll such civil society institutions as an export community would not you know we are often accused or rather these are not actual accusations they're rather simply point out at things as they are they say you will ahead of the time. you are probably saying all the right things but they are not well timed they're out of the political and economic context and by that context you mean elections currency rates oil prices and so on just anything really. with the chip that we can all response to this is that's exactly. our job is to be ahead of the time would be for a political decision can be prepared in implemented we must be with the way forward for all the major players and for all the countries involved in this situation

which will inhibit. the use of us if you as experts don't get heard well do you think it can come to a use of force i mean is the u.s. or israel strike at iran's alleged nuclear facilities a possibility it then you will possibility. has taught us that anything's possible no yell that especially the but i see this is the worst scenario one could imagine but. the forums experts have published a study assessing the existing options for an intervention and there is simply no successful scenario some better some worse yet but there is no winning option at all but i think there is generally nor alternative to diplomacy and political more gaining but this does not mean we should turn a blind eye on iran's failure to comply. with those who ignore the requirements of the un security council and the i e must be or full responsibility

for it in accordance with the international law that is where the role of an un security council resolutions when used. in the gaza smoke at this account or in your previous interview for our program you described the looks and work for him as the voice of civil society on the issues of nonproliferation. this water has remained but i'm still unclear as to who your target audience is whom are you addressing in the first place is it public opinion is it grassroots initiative is it political decision makers or is what you do a form of lobbying and. no alexander. i can tell you the expert community doesn't lobby anyone's interests like i said we pave the way to the future i want to. dress everyone we send our reports to decision makers

in all the leading powers of the world and to all official international institutions and n.g.o.s on top of that but even if you look at today's session it not he will find our colleagues from similar initiatives such as the poland wash conference's tafel the luxembourg forum. and the polish people are really lobbyist and they know. they aren't i'm only publish conferences for thirty years i can consider them lobbyists there are scientists and their staff in philosophy as different from ours sexually. though. let me rephrase the question then if you want to address this there were days we have to convince them that if you want to talk to the public you have to be peeling to the public what is your target audience do you seek to puta the every citizen in

get your ideas across or do you aim to influence decision makers because that would require different to set that. with. you with a view you know i would see or emus you present solid facts. we are not a populist organization. then the fuck do you think the modern society has trust in facts these days because many say doesn't take young people even ideology and myths but the time when people used to listen to scientists is over and of course so they say that because they've got it i would say that people today believe in things that haven't been trivialize. if you're well. it would work if you were to come up with a formula for getting your message across aren't seeing that you definitely need to see unexpected things. well know that. i would and you also said the nuclear

issue is getting trivialized today so are you concerned with that. yes when i want to answer your question we don't engage in populism. we don't want to be everyone's darling. as much public attention as possible our purpose is to present an objective outlook at the situation or for anyone entitle to make assessments make decisions for those who want to really make such a decision today that will be an issue for future deliberation. says if you just come to the president i'll be there if the luxembourg forum on preventing you can contact spotlight will be back shortly after the break so stay with us now go.

you got a story are out about this crazy lady with a convertible that. every time she. has these people. it is necessary to. everything we do.

but it needs to be done nobody wants to be linked to. the historical. of the american death penalty today in large part from the nazis. and they execute him. and he keeps telling me they can't hear me and they are. blocked. i won't be there i will not witness the killing myself. welcome back to spotlight i'm going all of and just

a reminder that my guest on the show today is just left country president of the luxembourg forum on preventing nuclear catastrophe. some of the world renowned experts on nuclear prevention get that in luxembourg five years ago out of that meeting and non-governmental organization emerged the international luxembourg forum on preventing nuclear catastrophe since done it has become quite an influential body on the issues of international security with members seen feedback on the highest level we've got a proud government at least. voice many of the disciplines order form from time to time vital to advise us consultants to governments so that it was a very important contribution to celebrate the forums five years long nonproliferation effort the fledgling organization chose to join one capital early

this the city which knows best to what extremes can question why do you always just leave the berlin wall is one of the most vivid symbols of intolerance twenty ft of the walls boeing has become a place to build bridges between civilizations and to talk peace building bridges between civilizations is what the luxemburg forms big manifesto always all about it's in fact a scientific research go in as far as trying to measure tolerance. and it's an attempt to find an alternative to the two concepts which are not working one is handing down steer you know the you know it's ability of a clash of civilizations in the other is multiculturalism in this book we've come up. we call security tolerance. luxemburg forums president reaches life cantor reassured the manifesto has an answer of how to cope with some of the worst threats of the modern world including nuclear terrorism some

other participants of the organization of a very simple reasons to put weapons aside at a time when we have a great recession taking place in the global economy it is very important for us to ponder as to why we should continue to spend one hundred billion u.s. dollars on the nuclear weapon programs of all the countries that have nuclear weapons with the instability in such places as iran north korea and pakistan the international luxemburg forum on preventing nuclear catastrophe feels it one be short of challenges in the near future it's only just past the credibility test on the international arena and it's no ready to try and do more for a new threat meet a geisha. on the issue of pakistan which is a nuclear power and even roll their missiles from military parades i seen it myself at the same time there is a very strong islamic fundamentalist sentiment in that country many believe

pakistan is highly dangerous as a place for fundamentalism and nuclear capabilities come together besides let's not forget that pakistan is practically in a state of war with india who is also a nuclear power. it is certainly up north but your question is correct at the city of southeast asia he's another east factor which next to iran and north korea which you will watch. it on the first of all unlike you ran in north korea india and pakistan already possess nuclear weapons so you know when you they've got to talk off three hundred in sixty me so with potential global reach and a hundred of them can be armed with nuclear warheads. of such a day what does this imply considering that the pakistani government probably has limited control over its own territory what was stored at those lunch and how does

it feel your pain in pakistan's perpetual conflict with india which you have just referred to. that egypt that what it spells is it permanent of the risk factor. what if the argument tell you that the deficiency of governance in pakistan has created a risk of nuclear weapons being commercialised in that country's civil liberties that i really look like yes of course i knew of course and i just quoted cuts them every time there is a change of government that just think of all the retired generals with access to the nuclear or armory me want to get a good bargain for it it's only an ikea if i don't want to speculate you want to we've already witness black market for nuclear materials emerge in pakistan patronized by dr abdul hong yet to live up to the cooking gear and to such

a market will not remarriage. anymore that it was up. someone bin laden set up his headquarters in pakistan exactly what that unfortunately all of this has weakened and the american influence over pakistan's leadership. in still you pakistan third to iran in the north korea you see pure young as more threatening is there because of the regime they have plenty of control in that country deal deal of what you see the north korean regime is certainly more aggressive than pakistan. at the same time and should be noted that north korea currently has forty two kilos of weapon grade plutonium. they used a different technology and that is not what you said when reaching uranium they have a single facility where they enrich tony i'm the new iran there is a more advanced technology but their stock of what i'm grade plutonium would be

enough to produce some seven two or eight warheads similarly to iran's capabilities fill them with. they were already got a delivery vehicle to do that that is why north korea generally poses a serious threat. but unlike iran north korea does despite or to dominate its entire region that up to its regime is not using the nuclear issue to hansard stand any public domestically yes already strengthened to the extreme you know i would seen north korea is not essentially pose a nuclear threat to its neighbors and the promising thing about pyongyang is that it is a client to commercialize its nuclear contriver said i think but not in the sense of nuclear trafficking about with the yeah the liquidity of fish and they simply need money. they need money in their willing trade organ offering transparency he

exchanged for economic benefits no such was the trainer with the previous leader at the berlin it's evident oh yeah true that i was current leader of what. i've been watching your forum for many years the iranians have been telling everyone we are a peaceful nation we're developing nuclear capabilities and purposes for the sake of national development we're not targeting anyone and we can prove it over and you've just said the koreans are ready to actually bargain and make a compromise then why aren't they attending your conference they're not interested in talking to you. but you know we always invite all the player store meetings. you get a national board i wish you would so why don't they show up at us but you know well for a variety of reasons. for example i remember air rather telling incident to what's happening during the very first forum which took place in luxembourg we invited to

prominent nuclear. and then that person got detained by national authorities and was released only after the form was over that suggests it's the government not the experts who is reluctant well the government must have taken our form for threat. there is another thing ever noticed about the form of the iranian nuclear controversy and that in north korea are issues of star contention between russia in the middle of including the united states but i don't sense that from your forms discussion of what could we say that russian and western experts in retired officials share a common outlook at this issue that when you do that they sensually do why. i would put it this way in every single meeting of the forum that i reserve common understanding of

a fundamental reality which probably overlooked by the general public. leaving aside old the details of what he said that these world leans to insurance nuclear safety and start moving much toward universal disarmament the option we had a little bit of a little there is just one prerequisite. ginning that confidence and dunder standing between the world's junior nuclear powers russia and the united states the experts are aware of that that's the bottom line bull if there was absolute confidence between russia and the united states the world. it could have been a bell to get down to practical measures for arms reduction a long time ago you know would have done nothing to debate it because both mr portman in his first presidential term and then use president george w.

bush have declared by the cold war over and said we are strategic partners not i think you just keep your it but where are the practical steps to back this up previously so i'd like to ask for size thirty if only i'd there was genuine confidence backed by practical measures their world would be in a much safer place. but that's why the we is that sports should be the way. listen thank you thank you thank you very much for the with us get on the show and just reminded that and i guess it was its last count and that's it for now from all of us here spotlight will be back with more comments on a blessing i on and outside pressure until then stay on tarty and take care. of.

and. home.