it spreads out into forty four levels under the earth is the oldest mine in colombia and the second deepest in latin america. and. it is two thousand five hundred meters deep that those and there are underground galleries of over four thousand meters is the end in all the tunnels combined are over eight hundred kilometers long. or to see at the speed of the.

el solenn c.-o. is a giant undergone labyrinth of complex tunnels here one thousand one hundred people work and you really have to know where you're going. this is the vein. here is where the gold is found from here on down and here on up. sometimes it is of interest sometimes not. because the concentration is. what really interests this is this the fact. that five hundred meters under the surface of the earth the atmosphere is a sphinx c.a.t. heat humidity. i think just make it hard to breathe. level

eighteen is the deepest you can get. from levels one thousand to forty four everything is flooded. half the mine is under water and dozens of pumps are trying to pull the water up to the surface. even in this state however. produces about seven kilos of gold a month. this is considered to be a typical global goal deposit he ordered and at the present moment is one of the best in colombia.

gold is the barometer of fear. in the midst of the two thousand and eleven coble economic crisis on the twenty second of august it hit a historic high of one thousand eight hundred eighty nine dollars an ounce. and almost unbelievable price considering that ten years ago this much gold cost only two hundred seventy one dollars. today colombia is one of the countries with the largest gold production in south america and one of the most important gold producers in the world. in two thousand and ten it produced approximately fifty four tons while it is estimated that there are still enormous unexplored reserves because of the. geological knowledge of the

country is still limited. but according to research of national interest in talking about forty one thousand tons of gold buried posits. in all of these can be developed. colombia is suffering from gold rush fever. in no other country of the world is this happening in a more intense way.

again there are people here who have come from all over the country not just from one of insurer but from the entire country but that is because gold is money its wealth its peace for the family its food. life has changed one hundred percent but at least for me the mine has changed my

life one hundred percent because before i lived next to the national road you know about it. and at the moment that what i see them and now i have a house in one of and tura and now i don't depend on the government to send me five thousand pesos instead of them sending it i got to find gold and many times i have one hundred thousand pesos in place because as i will do so this is what we look for the minute they chase away but i don't and hunger will hit one of ventura what will come everything will come.

there are much bigger players beyond the ordinary gold diggers trying to survive. drawn by the high prices of gold they claim the lion's share of the country's legendary gold bearing deposits. they are made up of the multinationals and the government the guerrillas the former paramilitaries and the drug cartels. the

hunt for gold in colombia along with cocaine fuels the country's civil war which has been raging for over forty years. my motto is a gold mining town. it resembles a building site choked with noise and dust. lorries motorcycles and donkeys loaded with people and metal oars jostle each other in the narrow streets.

buckets fly over the residence bringing down the precious earth from the minds of the mountain. mills work around the clock. grey waterfalls rushed down its slopes with water polluted by cyanide the waste product of processing poisoning the reverse. my motto is a rich yet filthy place hundreds of generations have dug up the ground here the first being the indigenous peoples of the pre-columbian period the spanish and slave them and put them to work in dark passages my motto is one of the oldest gold mining sites in south america. more modern was the four the oldest municipality

in the country it was established in fifteen thirty six traditionally it has been a mining town. it is no exaggeration but the ten thousand citizens of this region live on top of a golden mountain. here on elbow estimates say that approximately nine point eight million ounces of the precious metal is hidden within its bowels. almost everyone here is from a family of gold diggers. people trying to make a living surviving as their ancestors did by digging with chisels and pickaxes deep into the earth. this is the all we look for in the mine and it has pyrite in it and everything here in the mine you can see it but when it goes through the mill then the gold comes

out. ruben is the owner of this mine along with thirty eight of his fellow countryman. he provides employment to forty five families. there are four hundred fifty mines and. some legal some illegal. our tradition is to become miners and we always like the money our work in the mines earns us money my wages are three hundred sixty thousand every fifteen days we live on this me and my wife thank god since we are poor we live well on this. but also my brother are involved in the mines. and since i started working in the mine i stayed here.

i think a lot. you know sometimes you see a story and it seems so for lengthly you think you understand it and then you glimpse something else you hear or see some other part of it and realize everything you thought you knew you don't know i'm charged welcome to the big picture. in.

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they follow. my motto did not go unnoticed by the big multinational companies such as canada's gran colombia gold and its subsidiary madore resources. your me and my name is jose oro and i am vice president of the company it honestly i have a commitment to the people to development for me this plan and my motto is very

important because we must create jobs to give food to the people and this is part of our duty and our ethics years with the city and what it meant will do it in. the company's plan is to blow up the top of the gold mountain and create an open pit mine and order to have access to all the deposits from the top to the very bottom. in this way annual gold production could be as much as eight tons rather than the seven hundred twenty six kilos currently produced.

according to today's price this would be worth about five hundred million dollars. and this is one of the alternative techniques you know as you know we had to but it could become an open pit mine very beautiful very modern. polling current and future environmental laws it's not that we're opening an enormous hole which looks like a giant volcano he picked it we were working plot by plugging in restoring as we go along because. i do think there are parts which can't be restored well so there we

make a nice little lake and add some fish when most other places we fix up with rock in the us a road is created for endangered species to pass through the bases. in other words you must have alternatives and be creative. want to think of it i mean when i have a pit mines the holes a gigantic what those holes four hundred to one thousand one hundred meters deep which cover a lot areas eat. when i open a whole thing and i must make an artificial mountain have to break pollutants and see that if it's raining at last the illusion will spread to a much greater area and you have which are many aquatic ecosystems rivers and i lakes will be destroyed. and i think that in this country gold medal as an environmental cost which is unacceptable. but in order for the

company's plan to be implemented the town of moore motto which was declared in one thousand nine hundred two a national historic site of columbia must be a raced from the map. and we're going to move the tell must be moved we must move the town this is something very typical in metallurgy moody you know maybe. i'm seventy years old with it why should i leave here there is no one chasing me out. of the blue but this down it doesn't just have material wealth like gold and silver but yet. by the arrests it symbolizes a lot just get bored and we don't believe that for the economic ambitions of people who aren't even colombians we should disappear so they can come to mine the gold

killing a town which has survived with. it as a baby. because of. it because there are people who are indigenous who are confused politically because they have been told that capitalism is coming and will destroy them above all we can't have a dialogue with the deaf. into this world. it's exactly like that it's a struggle of capital. capitalism will look at what against a people that do nothing else except work and contribute to the state is going up with the multinationals do their work. without leaving the country anything. i think that when we must take into consideration that mining development that it

does represents two percent of the g.d.p. every time with it and if we're talking about resources it's important revenues from foreign investments are important twenty percent think he's only. and so exports sport as you know which bring revenues to the state. and allow the funding of programs for poverty. everything is part of a balancing act. in this mean where in two thousand and nine state revenues from metallurgy one one point nine three billion pesos basis. tax breaks were one point seven five and fuel subsidies point two four billion. profits were less than the tax breaks and subsidies. and if he doesn't give in to the mining corporations so how much money is left of them and. why develop the creation of an open pit mine i'm not prove the conditions for miners. it would

only be because it's slow economically rimmel it's a question of cost it's a fantasy your goals. because you know what's happening. let's say we improve the conditions of small miners and they produce a one thousand two hundred dollars an ounce. when the prices fall it's all over. so you they're like sleeping. in it once they see good mate when they attack. this happened about it they came to the gold towns to work saying they contribute to sustainable development they need and this sustainable development has destroyed towns and peoples i think the problem is we must talk to the people we should have the direct presence of high level executives the able do so to baptize a kid one day so that we can say we love them look at you because our god made us all equal. because we should begin humanitarian work.

and if they say no. to your rooms no they'll accept they'll except logic is always imposed some of them will be more difficult than others. and some might even go to extremes as to them. if they don't accept then the laws of colombia must be applied . else alessio mine began operating in eight hundred fifty two. it was the year that the british company frontino gold mines was the stablished in the area bringing with it the steam engine and the telegraph. the workers of the company built their accommodation close to the mine creating a new town sigel via. today

said go via has a population of forty thousand. it is a lively hot dirty and dangerous town. to go via lives by the rhythms of hundreds of metal mills operating nonstop. it is filled with casinos bars prostitutes and dozens of gold shops. much gold goes through your shop every day. hey. from five hundred to fifteen

hundred grams. see how much is that in terms of money. fifty thousand dollars. about one hundred million place us. seventy five percent of the gold in colombia is produced in this area.

so it is that was to go via has been built on one of the largest natural resources of latin america we think of the local one but if it is considered one of the largest gold reserves in south america. let's go to the state has long abandoned so go via the moon but.

also companies didn't help society here at all this with road building this is the supply of water education i mean anything. with a. commission free accreditation free in-store chargers free arrangement free

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me is eaves. eighty. six. the a halo ped .