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hello and welcome to technology update with demand so wearing and resources limited the sun could be setting on an outdated era of global energy simply put new alternatives to invoke alternative sources are the best bet going forward energy directly from the sun is often the first thing that comes to mind when people mention solar power however when you really think about it the sun's responsible for far more than just fueling solar panels wind farms are an indirect result of the sun's rays as convection currents drive global airstreams and create the majority of the globe. and in fact there'd be no plants or trees to make biofuels

from if there was no sun to spur on photosynthesis in the first place. as those plants die off and decompose thermal heat and pressure slowly turns those into fossil fuels like coal and oil there is one source of energy that has no apparent connection to the sun. the moon is to thank for the motion of the ocean that we know is the tides of proximity a much stronger influence than the sun. the water closest to it gets pulled out words especially at the equator there's also a smaller bulge on the other side as the earth is literally pulled away from the oceans further from the moon when the sun moon and earth or. we get the strongest tides and if you're in the right place at the right time the moon even provides enough energy to. incoming water. turtle nature of the power. and the idea of using the tides for humans purposes has

been around for ages several hundred years ago enterprising engineers constructed flour mills powered by the daily. people have looked to harness the tide for electricity generation in the twentieth century a number of projects around the globe were proposed but were decried as economic madness for a time it looked as if the proponents of title power were fighting a losing battle but in one nine hundred sixty three the rance river estuary in brittany france was blocked off to start construction on what would be the first industrial sized power station in the world in the process of one and a half million cubic meters of water were displaced for seventy five construction site. the plants twenty four turbines have a capacity of two hundred forty megawatts to this very day but the hefty price tag dampen enthusiasm for such plants in the country but that didn't deter others who knew it could be done better and more cheaply. today and.

around the world where it's possible to construct a good plant i'm sure we're good. you need to place your. power. i think it's safe to say. that was the driving force behind the. idea. of the concept even before. thirty eight when

he was still a student. he had. power station. this means while working. he traveled. which is remarkable for. despite the fact that it's up in the arctic circle more months it was already a well established and thriving port in the one nine hundred sixty s. . for innovative engineering projects. because of the. fluctuations in the water level as the tide rushes are more pronounced than otherwise would be the views can be breathtaking when the last ice age having stripped away the top layer sediment leaving mostly exposed. water.

purposes the most ideal spot for the world title power plant was here. because it's. connected directly to the via an especially. compared with a concurrent competing project in france. much less invasive site prep was required. it was absolutely. nothing people thought were going about it. there was no way you can. perhaps the most important breakthrough was a revolutionary method of construction. powerhouse. greatly reduced environmental damage in france. the climate proved to be another potential obstacle. we had to find a concrete composition that would survive such severe winters. and we managed to

make. temperatures ranging between minus thirty they had to create a new. that we had invented we developed. that is the core of the entire facility. so once the construction was complete they simply attached a giant pontoon filled the dock with water and tugs the whole complex to the chosen site along the way they took the opportunity to monitor how the structure fared in rough seas in total the trip from more months to measured just

a hair under one hundred kilometers. an hour triumph. he had done this before everything went well it took us one day to transport the planes. to the underwater foundation this was a great success and once we had done it we get universal recognition. in the decade since those accomplishments have withstood the test of time. floating method has become an industry staple project engineers everywhere cut costs by as much as up to fifty percent and the station itself has also held up well against father time no power house operated its entire useful life without problems or substantive repair and when engineers tested the state in the two thousand they found that the walls of the structure were in great shape even after nearly forty years of constant freezing and thawing of the arctic frigid waters. at the center of this

russian engineering feat a french heart turbine with rotatable propellers was the most complex and most expensive part of the power plant it could generate electricity as the tide came in with water rushing into the blocked off as well as in reverse thanks to the special made blade system however most of agree that it's often better to just use in one direction because as water rushes back out to sea it operates at ninety percent efficiency but only fifty percent in the other direction. we bought. from friends it was a boy. but also very complex and expensive one of the units was equipped with a french german and the other one was left empty forty five years ago we had hoped that we would eventually make it. and so we did here it is an orthogonal turban.

based on what's called a turbine and uses blade shape similar to airplane we. can vary and depends on the speed of the water goes of which way the water flows in the turbine strains in the same direction with no significant change in efficiency after being tested out for a few years and eventually found its way into a brand new title power plant that was being added onto the existing structure of peace. to produce a new turbine powerhouse whose hydro turned to mush one of russia's leadership in submarine makers and a testament to the relative simplicity of the new voter system the whole complex complete with turbine generators was constructed in around six months as a factory just outside of the white city about hunger and in two thousand and six following as much fanfare that would normally accompany the launch of a new ocean liner the floating power plant made its maiden as well as final voyage to. and just like the original it was

towed on pontoons into the bay instead of tearing down the existing structure they left it in place and simply attached. to the face of it which by the way had been made a monument to russian science and technology. outfitted with new digital equipment the original control room still remains the hub of human activity here surprisingly simple an actual operation. power plant can be. no more than just a few workers. need. any machine. which can be mounted. in the

process of converting that mechanical energy into electricity is rather straightforward as well get the turbine spinning it operates pretty much like all other power generation plants out there because of the. vertical. turbine. to create electricity. construction. itself. the past year one and a half megawatts and that's not power. plant . produced so too was the generator. here engineers relied on a tried and true manufacturer to construct probably the second most important part of the station. electro machine building factory is one of the country's top makers

and generators of all kinds including those special built for small and medium sized hydro electricity plants and then all of that experience prepping for the tidal power plant. the fact that it has to be floated out to. particular challenges for design engineers. in the region of fifty to sixty tons these generators are far more likely to sink than swim when face to face with water. engineers decided. to trance. energy from the vertical shaft to a horizontal one but whatever the arrangement. the generator is only as useful as a turbine below that power is a really good. turbans were also developed interested in canada in japan because. they were able to achieve an efficiency factor of thirty percent. so they gave up working on such projects with both and we picked it up we changed

the blades as well as the section to. end today our turbans efficiency factor is as high as eighty two percent. that is. thirty eight percent to eighty two. the ones as a result of our design is more energy efficient than the french turban which was considered the classical type instead of this. morning's today. these are the images. from the streets of canada. today.

you know sometimes you see a story and it seems so you think you understand it and then you glimpse something else and you hear or see some other part of it and realize that everything you thought you knew. i'm tom harvey welcome to the big picture.

it took years if not decades to get that turbine just right but now with that in hand institute of energy structures is ready for the next challenge the next logical stage. where is will need to. have a totally different scale and require a different approach. to the plant with three. generators capacities for megawatts the rollers fall. and the bleed.

in the waters of the on the barents sea. tidal power station requires a roughly two kilometer long dam to create an enclosed basin measuring five point seven square kilometers the power house itself will be equipped with a trio of new triple decker turbines individual sluices which will give it a total capacity of twelve megawatts however given that the power house is only a small part of the entire construction engineers have found a way to boost energy generation by using the previously empty concrete blocks. by using wave. for the title pole plan project plan can be increased threefold if you. are so much more efficient the thing is that we have a lot of space which until now been used for power generation. these so-called oscillating water columns use the exact same turbine as the tidal power plants except they're driven by air rather than water. crashes into.

the rising forces. tricity. peak. and the turbine creating tricity. together to create more powerful. perhaps most interesting. blocks of place previously simple concrete retaining walls. at the institute. this is the. air driven. fan that generates an airstream pressure of. the air rushes through a pressure air duct and into the. this is exactly the kind of. power plant which scientific research institute of energy structure just finished

developing. the term minus connected. including pressure. readings enable us to evaluate performance. we have an analysis center that collects all these data and studies them to find patterns and correlations. here's where the incoming data get analyzed. even the temperature of various parts of the construction. they can monitor. under various conditions like different speeds or alternating flow one thing they've noticed is that because the turbine spins in the same direction of the flow it's ideal for use in the water

columns in which the direction of. of course there are other kinds of wave energy converters out there but these engineers are confident that they're designed for something. like a snake that's naik often gets carried away by the current. the installation is too heavy complex and difficult to secure with all the joints that serve to generate electricity. there are also hydraulic turbines that. their design is way too intricate and leaves something to be desired. there are floating power stations but they also get carried away. by and large humanity's. first we came up with a concept of an orthogonal turbine and then we successfully applied it in designing a way for our plan. and the ground work for including such wave columns in future

projects has already gotten started this past year alone hydro built a prototype up and. it will produce electricity for the local grid as well as give the engineers back at the institute precious data to improve the next generation of ocean energy snatchers. could help. dealing with an inevitable tidal electricity stations. this is. ok proceeding. because they're. doing so for most of the day. even if. a huge amount of electricity.

to counteract that. there's another way that we can. sense the tide only comes in and out twice a day all of its potential energy has to be harnessed in short bursts to help sort out this and other peaks there's another type of hydro plant out there this one requires an artificial lake but relies on the natural power of gravity. energy right. hundred meters of. water drives the turbines electricity generated. take advantage of lower prices and pump water back into the upper reservoir more often than not. demand in the morning and evening. they can also

be used in tandem with plants balanced approach to energy. pumped storage power. turbines each with a capacity of two hundred megawatts of generation mode and two hundred twenty megawatts and pumping about it was designed to regulate the energy balance in moscow region and neighboring areas in central russia the power plant was built back in the one nine hundred eighty s. in the one nine hundred ninety s. it did reach designed capacity in two thousand but it's currently operates at full power. practice pumped storage power stations are normally placed in mountainous areas with greater water pressure european part of russia doesn't have the kind of terrain however still managed to set up a fairly efficient facility in spite of an average incline of around one hundred. stations efficiency factor is seventy four percent of all of the equipment here at

the station is russian made including its pump turbines manufactured by power machines and its engine generator is produced by the general electric heavy engineering plant that's also part of the individual capacity of each turbine two hundred megawatts is quite powerful few pumped storage power plants in the world can boast that. as you just heard the workhorse of the whole plant is made by a company called power machines located in st petersburg they specialize in big powerful equipment like this giant ship propeller the turbines for the pumped storage are being constructed at the company's metal factory which has been in operation for over one hundred fifty years over the decades is churned out around twenty seven hundred turbines with a total combined capacity of over three hundred gigawatts. the factories making four bi directional turbines each of which can crank out two hundred ten megawatts those new turbines are needed because at present in moscow region there's

a pressing need for new capacity. as a result loose hydro is pushing ahead with the second phase here that. it's ok to seven hundred fifty meters south of the existing facility design work started in two thousand. in the first. two thousand and eight it's one of the biggest construction projects in russia at the moment with something like sixty million cubic meters of earth to be moved it's approaching the suez canal like for portions of the new expansion comes with a price tag of just over two billion dollars. this gives us a perfect overview of the current state of the construction site really. we can see how far along. in terms of completion. the water ducts measure seven and a half meters in diameter are made out of twenty individual sections three bars welded together before they're hold over to the main construction site where concrete is eventually for in the end two hundred thirty six cubic metres of water

will be able to burst through the pipes every second similar foreign facilities have chosen to use. made of metal is prone to sun. when we were designing our power station it would be considered employing such metal and even an underground conduit but in the. economic and safety factors we decided to be the comparison to. one hundred percent. according to roos hydras plants the first two turbines will be in place by the end of two thousand and twelve while the third is slated for next year and the fourth in two thousand and fourteen and that really can't come soon enough with analysts saying that moscow region alone could use an additional one and a half of spare capacity in order to get the added waters are quickly as possible the structure of the mess and generators are made cards is taking place around the clock with five thousand people employed in three shifts the generators will boost

existing capacity by eight hundred forty megawatts one will reach that powerhouse by travelling eight hundred pipes the new. cubic meter pool is being built right next to the existing. of the. lower reservoir rather than build an entirely new one will be the fourth largest pump storage plant in the world achieve it's obvious that if russia should make use of its immense potential for tidal power generation and put it into practice then pumped storage power plants would definitely come in handy particularly to compensate for tidal plants natural cyclical pattern. no together or separately these technologies are unlikely to save all of society's needs for electricity but they could soon play a growing role in completing the overall energy picture especially by adding stability to sometimes unreliable sources like solar and wind but most important of all the some of the greenest methods of power generation out there interestingly

enough perhaps the only ones that don't depend on the sun in one way or the other only time will tell if there ever become more than just a nice application but that'll do it for this edition of technology update will see you next time and until then enjoy the ride. download the official application to choose your language stream quality and enjoy your favorites. now t.v. is not required to watch on t.v. all you need is your mobile device to watch on t.v. any time.