and the idea of using the time for humans purposes has been. several hundred years ago. powered by the. people have looked to harness the tide for electricity generation in the twentieth century a number of projects around the globe are proposed but were decried as economic madness for a time it looked as if the proponents of title power were fighting a losing battle but in one nine hundred sixty three the rance river estuary in brittany france was blocked off to start construction on what would be the first industrial sized power station in the world in the process of one and a half million cubic meters of water were displaced for seventy five. plants twenty four turbines have a capacity of two hundred forty megawatts to this very day but the hefty price tag dampen enthusiasm for such plants in the country but that didn't deter others who

knew to be done better and more cheaply. today. around the world. it's possible to construct a good. you need to place your. power. i think it's safe to say that there was one man that was the driving force behind the. idea long before it was cool.

the concept even before. thirty eight when he was still a student. he had already contemplated the idea of a power station. where to build one instance while working. he travelled. home which is remarkable for us. despite the fact that it's up in the arctic circle more months it was already a well established and thriving port in the one nine hundred sixty s. . the industrial might for innovative engineering projects. because of the. fluctuations in the water level as the tide rushes are more pronounced than otherwise would be the views can be breathtaking when the last ice age having stripped away the top layer of sediment leaving mostly exposed water

. purposes the most ideal spot for the world's second title power plant was here. because it's. connected directly to the sea via an especially narrow outlet compared with a concurrent competing project in france. much less invasive site prep was required. there was absolutely nothing nothing at all people thought were going about it. there was no way you can build a tidal power plant like you can and. perhaps the most important breakthrough was a revolutionary method of construction instead of blocking off the waterway entire powerhouse. greatly reduced environmental damage like that scene in france. arctic the climate proved to be another potential obstacle. we had to find

a concrete composition that would survive such severe winters. and we managed to make create. they invented develops. that is the core of the entire facility. so once the construction was complete they simply attached a giant pontoon filled the dock with water and tugs the whole complex to the chosen site along the way they took the opportunity to monitor how the structure fared in

rough seas in total the trip from more months to measured just a hair under one hundred kilometers. an hour triumph. he had done this before everything went well it took us one day to transport planes . to the underwater. this was a great success. we got universal recognition. in the decade since those accomplishments have withstood the test of time. floating method has become an industry staple project engineers everywhere cut costs by as much as up to fifty percent and the station itself has also held father time no power house operated its entire useful life without problems or substantive repair. in the two thousand they found that the walls of the structure were in great shape even

after nearly forty years of constant freezing and thawing of the arctic frigid waters. at the center of this russian engineering feat a french turbine with rotatable propellers was the most complex and most expensive part of the power plant it could generate electricity as the tide came in with water rushing into the. thanks to the special made system however most of agree that it's often better to just use in one direction because as water rushes back out to sea it operates at ninety percent efficiency but only fifty percent in the other direction. we bought. us. from france it was a. good but also very complex and expensive one of the units was equipped with a french german and the other one was left empty forty five years ago we had hoped that we would eventually make a turban. and so we did here it is an orthogonal turban.

based on what's called a dairy is turbine and uses blade shape similar to airplane we. can vary in depends on the speed of the water goes of which way the water flows in the turbine spins in the same direction with no significant change in efficiency and after being tested out for a few years and eventually found its way into a brand new title power plant that was being added onto the existing structure and . to produce the new turbine and powerhouse hydro turned to mush one of russia's leadership in submarine makers and a testament to the relative simplicity of the new rotor system the whole complex complete with turbine generators was constructed in around six months as a factory just outside of the white city about hunger and in two thousand and six following as much fanfare that would normally accompany the launch of a new ocean liner the floating power plant made its maiden as well as final voyage

to keep. just like the original it was towed on pontoons into the bay instead of tearing down the existing structure they left it in place and simply attached. to the face of it which by the way had been made a monument to russian science and technology. outfitted with new digital equipment the original control room still remains the hub of human activity here surprisingly simple an actual operation. power plant can be. no more than just a few workers. need. any machine. which can be mounted. in the

process of converting mechanical energy into electricity is rather straightforward as well get the turbine spinning it operates pretty much like all other power generation plants out there because of the. vertical shaft. turbine. to create electricity. construction. itself. to a passive one and a half. and that's not power. you're right. it . produced so too was the generator. here engineers relied on a tried and true manufacturer to construct probably the second most important part

of the whole station. electro machine building factory is one of the country's top makers and generators of all kinds including those special built for small and medium sized hydro electricity plants and then all of that experience prepping for the tidal power plant. the fact that it has to be floated out. particular challenges for design engineers. in the region of fifty to sixty tons these generators are far more likely to sink than swim when face to face with water. engineers decided to modify design that uses a multiplier to trance. energy from the vertical shaft. but whatever the arrangement. the generators only as useful as the turbine below the powers that. were also developed and tested. in japan because. they were able to achieve an efficiency factor of thirty percent. so they gave up working on such

projects and with you know with both and we picked it up with me and we changed the blades had both words as well as the section to. end today we are too busy fissions the factor is as high as any two percent going to get that is we increase it was in thirty eight percent to eighty two. the ones as a result of our design is more energy efficient than the french bell turban which was considered the classical type instance of this what lessons. do we speak your language i mean some of the well i know it begins. with music programs and documentaries and spanish what matters to you breaking news a little tonnage of angola's kiddies stories. for you here.

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it took years if not decades to get that turbine just right but now with that in hand bruce hydros institute of energy structures is ready. for the next. difference. the roller is for. the waters of. power station. five point seven. power house itself will be equipped with

a tree. give it a total capacity of twelve however given that the power house is a small part of the entire construction. by using the. project. three fold. thing is that we have. now. power plants. crashes into. the rising. air inside the. electricity as the water reaches its peak. and the turbine in creating

tricity. bunched together to create more powerful. perhaps most interesting. they could be combined with tidal power plants blocks of place previously simple concrete retaining walls testing is already underway at the institute and. this is the model of our air driven orthogonal turbine with a fan that generates an air stream at a pressure of up to eight pascals. the air rushes through a pressure air duct and into the turbine this is exactly the kind of turbine there will be installed on the new groundbreaking russian wave power plant which scientific research institute of energy structures has just finished developing. the term minus connected to a thirty generator. there are sensors installed here including pressure sensors angular rate sensors and

turbine air speed sensors. their readings enable us to evaluate a turbines performance. we have an analysis center that collects all these data and studies them to find patterns and correlations. here's where the incoming data get analyzed all kinds of. even the temperature of various parts of the construction. they can monitor. under various conditions different speeds or alternating flow. is that because the turbine spins in the same direction regardless of the flow it's ideal for use in the water column in which the direction of. of course there are other kinds of wave energy converters out there but these engineers are confident that they're designed for something that the others simply can't use to some power plants that are shaped like a snake but that's naik often gets carried away by the current. the installation is

too heavy complex and difficult to secure with all the joints that serve to generate electricity. there are also hydraulic turbines. but their design is way too intricate and leaves something to be desired. there are floating power stations but they also get carried away if there's. by and large humanity. first we came up with a concept of an orthogonal turbine and then we successfully applied it in designing a way for our plant. and the ground work for including such wave columns in future projects has already gotten started this past year alone hydro built a prototype up and. it will produce electricity for the local grid as well as give the engineers back at the institute precious data to improve the next generation of ocean energy snatchers. could help.

with an inevitable. ok proceeding. but since the tide only comes in and out twice a day all of its potential energy has to be harnessed in short bursts to help

smooth out this and other peaks there is another type of hydro plant out there this one requires an artificial lake but relies on the natural power of gravity. energy write. hundred meters of. electricity generated. take advantage of lower prices and pump water back into the upper reservoir more often than not. demand in the morning and. they can also be used in tandem with plants balanced approach to energy. pumped storage power. turbines each with a capacity of two hundred megawatts of generation mode and two hundred twenty

megawatts and pumping about it was designed to regulate the energy balance in moscow region and neighboring areas in central russia the power plant was built back in the one nine hundred eighty s. in the one nine hundred ninety s. into reach designed capacity in two thousand but is currently operates at full power. this practice to storage power stations are normally placed in mountainous areas with greater water pressure european part of russia doesn't have the kind of terrain however still managed to set up a fairly efficient facility in spite of an average incline of around one hundred. stations efficiency factor is seventy four percent of all of you quit and here at the station is russian made including its pump turbines manufactured by power machines and its engine generator is produced by the general electric heavy engineering plant that's also part of the individual capacity of each turbine two hundred megawatts is quite powerful a few pumped storage power plants in the world can boast that.

as you just heard the workhorse of the whole plant is made by a company called power machines located in st petersburg they specialize in big powerful equipment like this giant ship propeller. pump storage are being constructed at the company's metal factory which has been in operation for over one hundred fifty years over the decades is churned out around twenty seven hundred turbines with a total combined capacity of over three hundred gigawatts. the factory is making four by directional turbines each of which can crank out two hundred ten megawatts those new turbines are needed because at present in moscow region there's a pressing need for new capacity. as a result lose hydro is pushing ahead with the second phase here that. it's ok to seven hundred fifty meters south of the existing facility design work started in two thousand and seven. and the first cement was poured in mid two thousand and

eight as one of the biggest construction projects in russia at the moment something like sixty million cubic meters of earth to be moved is approaching suez canal like proportions the new expansion comes with a price tag of just over two billion dollars. this gives us a perfect overview of the current state of the construction site really. we can see how far along. in terms of completion. the water ducts measure seven and a half meters in diameter are made out of twenty individual sections three bars welded together before their hold over to the main construction site or concrete is eventually for in the end two hundred thirty six cubic metres of water it will be able to burst through the pipes every second similar foreign facilities have chosen to use. a pipe made of metal. but when we were designing our power station be considered employing such metal and even an

underground conduit but in the end. economic and safety factors we decided to may not be the cheapest in comparison to. one hundred percent. according to roos hydrous plans the first two turbines will be in place by the end of two thousand and twelve while the third is slated for next year and the fourth in two thousand and fourteen and that really can't come soon enough with analysts saying that moscow region alone could use an additional one and a half of spare capacity in fact in order to get the added waters are quickly as possible the structure of the mess until a builder made parts is taking place around the clock with five thousand people employed in three shifts the generators will boost existing capacity by eight hundred forty megawatts one will reach that powerhouse by travelling eight hundred meters pipes the new roughly twelve million cubic meter pool is being built right next to the existing. one end of the. lower reservoir rather than build an entirely

new one will be the fourth largest pump storage place in the world achieve you it's obvious that if russia should make use of its immense potential for tidal power generation and put it into practice then pumped storage power plants would definitely come in handy particularly to compensate for tidal plants not cyclical pattern. no together or separately these technologies are unlikely to say all of society's needs for electricity but they could soon play a growing role in completing the overall energy picture especially by adding stability to sometimes unreliable sources like solar and wind the most important of all the some of the greenest methods of power generation out there and interestingly enough perhaps the only ones that don't depend on the sun in one way or the other only time will tell if there ever become more than just a nice chef occasion but that'll do it for this edition of technology update will see you next time and until then enjoy the ride.

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