people have looked to harness the tide for electricity generation. a number of projects around the globe are proposed but were decried as economic madness for a time it looked as if the proponents of tidal power were fighting a losing battle but hundred sixty three the rance river estuary in brittany france was blocked off to start construction on what would be the first industrial power station in the world in the process of a half million cubic meters of water were displaced seventy five. twenty four turbines have a capacity of two hundred forty megawatts to this very day but the hefty price tag dampen enthusiasm for such plants in the country but that didn't deter others who knew could be done better and more cheaply. today. around the world.

but. i think. that was the driving force behind the. sept. thirty eight when he was.

he had already contemplated the idea of a power station. where to build one instance while working. he traveled to the home which is remarkable for. more months. despite the fact that it's up in the arctic circle more months it was already a well established and thriving port in the one nine hundred sixty s. . the industrial might for innovative engineering projects like baby. because of the many. fluctuations in the water level as the tide rushes are more pronounced than otherwise would be the views can be breathtaking with the last ice age having stripped away the top layer sediment leaving mostly exposed rocks jetting out of the water for live bernstein's purposes the most ideal spot for the world's second title power plant was here it. was selected because it's. connected

directly to the via an especially narrow outlet compared with a concurrent competing project in france. much less invasive site prep was required. it was absolutely nothing like it nothing at all people thought were going about it. there was no way you can build a tidal power plant like you can and. perhaps the most important breakthrough was a revolutionary method of construction instead of blocking off the water the entire powerhouse. greatly reduced environmental damage like that scene in france. arctic the climate proved to be another potential obstacle. we had to find a concrete composition that would survive such severe winters. and we managed to make concrete.

that we had invented we developed. that is the core of the entire facility. so once the construction was complete they simply attached a joint pontoon filled the dock with water and tugs the whole complex to the chosen site along the way they took the opportunity to monitor how the structure fared in rough seas in total the trip from more months to measured just a hair under one hundred kilometers. an hour triumph.

had done this before everything went well it took us one day to transport the planes. to the underwater foundation but this was a great success and once we had done it we get universal recognition. in the decade since those accomplishments have withstood the test of time and have been adopted the world over the floating method has become an industry staple project engineers everywhere cut costs by as much as up to fifty percent and the station itself has also held up well against father time the original power house operated its entire useful life without problems or substantive repair and when engineers tested the state of the two thousand they found that the walls of the structure were in great shape even after nearly forty years of constant freezing and thawing of the arctic frigid waters. at the center of this russian engineering feat a french heart turbine with rotatable propellers was the most complex and most

expensive part of the power plant it could generate electricity as the tide came in with water rushing into the blocked off day as well as in reverse thanks to the special made blade system however most of agree that it's often better to just use in one direction because as water rushes back out to sea it operates at ninety percent efficiency but only fifty percent in the other direction. we bought. us. some friends it was a. good but also very complex and expensive one of the units was equipped with a french turban and the other one was left empty forty five years ago we had hoped that we would eventually make a turban. and so we did here it is an orthogonal turban. based on what's called a turbine and uses blade shape similar to airplane we. can vary in depends on the

speed of the water goes of which way the water flows in the turbine spins in the same direction with no significant change in efficiency and after being tested out for a few years and eventually found its way into a brand new title power plant that was being added on to the existing structure. to produce a new turbine and powerhouse hydro turned to one of russia's leadership in submarine makers and a testament to the relative simplicity of the new voter system the whole complex complete with turbine generators was constructed in around six months as a factory just outside of the white city about hunger and in two thousand and six following as much fanfare that would normally accompany the launch of a new ocean liner the floating power plant made its maiden final voyage to keep. just like the original it was towed on pontoons into the bay instead of tearing

down the existing structure they left it in place and simply attached. to the face of it which by the way had been made a monument to russian science and technology. outfitted with new digital equipment the original control room still remains the hub of human activity here surprisingly simple an actual operation. the title power plant can be . no more than just a few workers. those that need. any machine. which can be mounted. in the process of converting mechanical energy into electricity is rather straightforward as well get the turbine spinning it operates pretty much like all other power

generation plants out there because of the. vertical shaft. of this emerged turbine. to create electricity. construction. itself. the past year one and a half megawatts and that's not power for you might be. right. here it's still considered. domestically produced so too was the generator. here engineers relied on a tried and true manufacturer to construct probably the second most important part of the whole station. electro machine building factory is one of the country's top makers and generators of all kinds including those special built for small and

medium sized hydro electricity plants and then all of that experience prepping for the tidal power plant. the fact that it has to be floated out to. particular challenges for design engineers. in the region of fifty to sixty tons these generators are far more likely to sink than swim when face to face with water. engineers decided to modify a base design that uses a multiplier to trance. for energy from the vertical shaft. but whatever the arrangement. is useful. powers. were also developed tested. in japan because. they were able to achieve an efficiency factor of thirty percent. so they gave up working on such projects and with you know with both and we picked it up with me we changed the blade set as well as the section to. end today our turbans efficiency

factor is as high as any two percent going to go with that is we increase it was in thirty eight percent to eighty two. yours though as a result from our design is more energy efficient than the french bulb turban which was considered the classical type instance of this work less interesting. to me speak your language. use programs and documentaries in arabic it's all here on all t.v. reporting from the world talks box a fifty yard p. interviews intriguing story for you to. see been trying. to find out more visit are a big don't all teeth don't call. magine assets

that the dems own watches show every single mom. and waiting for you to stumble. i saw a man with a video camera so i moved over and he followed me. you know we realized there were following everyone from early in the morning. the only chance to get rid of him. is to reveal him. me devil operation on archie.

which brightened a few. songs from fans to impressions. whose friends talked on t.v. dot com. it took years if not decades to get that turbine just right but now with that in hand bruce hydros institute of energy structures is ready for the next challenge to

the next logical stages to achieve capacity but he's laid out these measures in megawatts where is will need to. downsize you have a totally different scale course and require a different approach because the water is about thirty minutes deep still with a bit of the plant with three year old still binds the generators capacities for megawatts the roller is five meters in diameter and the bleats long bruce hydro plans to test out the new design in the waters of the on the barents sea dissever ny or northern tidal power station requires a roughly two kilometer long dam to create an enclosed basin measuring five point seven square kilometers the power house itself will be equipped with a trio of the. however given that the power. structure. by

using the. three fold. power plants. crashes into the. side of the. electricity. peak. and the turbine creating tricity. together to create more powerful. perhaps most interesting.

blocks of place previously simple concrete retaining walls. at the institute. this is the. pressure of. the air rushes through a pressure air duct and into the. this is exactly the kind of. power plant which scientific research institute of energy structure just finished developing. term minus connected to a thirty. there are sensors installed here including pressure sensors angular rate sensors and turbine air speed sensors. their readings enable us to evaluate a turbine's performance. we have an analysis of all these data and

studies them to find patterns and correlations. here's where the incoming data get analyzed. even the temperature of various parts of the construction. they can monitor. conditions different speeds or alternating flow. is that because the turbine spins in the same direction of the flow it's ideal for use in the water column in which the direction of. of course there are other kinds of wave energy converters out there but these engineers are confident that they're designed for something other simply. some power plant like a snake but that's naik often gets carried away by the current. the installation is too heavy complex and difficult to secure with all the joints that serve to generate electricity. there are also hydraulic turbines.

but their design is way too intricate and leaves something to be desired. there are floating power stations but they also get carried away. by and large humanity is. first we came up with the concept of an orthogonal turbine and then we successfully applied it in designing a way for our plan. and the ground work for including such wave columns in future projects has already gotten started this past year alone hydro built a prototype up and. it will produce electricity for the local grid as well as give the engineers back at the institute precious data to improve the next generation of ocean energy snatchers. could help. with an inevitable.

ok proceeding. since the tide only comes in and out twice a day all of its potential energy has to be harnessed in short bursts to help smooth out this and other peaks there is another type of hydro plant out there this one requires an artificial lake but relies on the natural power of gravity.

energy right. electricity. prices and pump water back into the. more often than not. demand in the morning and. balanced approach to energy. pumped storage power. turbines each with a capacity of two hundred megawatts of generation mode and two hundred twenty megawatts and pumping about it was designed to regulate the energy balance in moscow region and neighboring areas in central russia the power plant was built

back in the one nine hundred eighty s. in the one nine hundred ninety s. it did reach design to capacity in two thousand but is currently operates at full power. this practice to storage power stations are normally placed in mountainous areas with greater water pressure european part of russia doesn't have the kind of terrain however we still manage to set up a fairly efficient facility in spite of an average incline of around one hundred meters the stations efficiency factor is seventy four percent of you couldn't hear the station is russian made including its pump turbines manufactured by power machines and its engine generator is produced by the general electric heavy engineering plant that's also part of the individual capacity of each turbine two hundred megawatts is quite powerful few pumped storage power plants in the world can boast that. as you just heard the workhorse of the whole plant is made by a company called power machines located in st petersburg they specialize in big

powerful equipment like this giant ship propeller. pump storage are being constructed at the company's metal factory which has been in operation for over one hundred fifty years over the decades is churned out around twenty seven hundred turbines with a total combined capacity of over three hundred gigawatts. the factories making four bi directional turbines each of which can crank out two hundred ten megawatts those new turbines are needed because at present in moscow region there's a pressing need for new capacity. as a result loose hydro is pushing ahead with the second phase here that. it's ok to seven hundred fifty meters south of the existing facility design work started in two thousand. and the first cement was poured in mid two thousand and eight as one of the biggest construction projects in russia at the moment something like sixty million cubic meters of earth to be moved it's approaching the suez canal like

proportions the new expansion comes with a price tag of just over two billion dollars. this gives us a perfect overview of the current state of the construction site really. we can see how far along. in terms of completion. the water ducts measure seven and a half meters in diameter are made out of twenty individual sections three bars welded together before they're hold over to the main construction site where concrete is eventually for in the end two hundred thirty six cubic metres of water it will be able to burst through the pipes every second similar for an facilities have chosen to use. a water pipe made of metal is prone to such. when we were designing our. we considered employing such metal and even an underground conduit but in the end. economic and safety factors we decided to may not be the best in comparison to. one hundred percent.

according to rules hydras plans the first two turbines will be in place by the end of two thousand and twelve while the third is slated for next year and the fourth in two thousand and fourteen and that really can't come soon enough with analysts saying that moscow region alone could use an additional one and a half of spare capacity in fact in order to get the added. quickly as possible the structure of the messenger later or maybe parts is taking place around the clock with five thousand people employed in three shifts generators will boost existing capacity by eight hundred forty megawatts one will reach that powerhouse by traveling eight hundred pipes the new twelve million cubic meter pool is being built right next to the existing. one. lower reservoir rather than build an entirely new one the fourth largest pumps in the world achieve it's obvious that if russia should make use of its immense potential for tidal power generation and put

it into practice then pumped storage power plants would definitely come in handy particularly to compensate for tidal plants natural cyclical pattern there are. no together or separately these technologies are unlikely to sate all of society's needs for electricity but they could soon play a growing role in completing the overall energy picture especially by adding stability to sometimes unreliable sources like solar and wind but most important of all the some of the greenest methods of power generation out there interestingly enough perhaps the only ones that don't depend on the sun in one way or the other only time will tell if there ever become more than just a nice shop occasion but that'll do it for this edition of technology we'll see you next time and until then enjoy the ride.

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