marget why not. find out what's really happening to the global economy. watch on r t. three. three. three. three. three. for your media. free media r t v dot com. jack goldstone a u.s. writer around sociologist specializing in many things including global population

trends and also the cultural origins of economic growth it's great to have you with us here today thank you now even before the euro inception some skeptics were coming out and putting out arguments on why the euro wouldn't function and besides to economic arguments to were also saying the cultural differences were the huge problem between the different states saying that labor habits are different spending and saving practices are different and many other reasons so how much of all of this is actually playing in to the economic and political divide that we're seeing right now in the european union the euro was invented really as part of a program to overcome nationalism where nationalism is perhaps an excessive attachment to some of those cultural differences that you mentioned the problem with the euro i don't think lies in the cultural differences it lies in the lack of a unified institutional framework for banking and. financial decision making but

have has the problems with the euro now magnified the cultural differences and the problems in countries cultural differences as well unfortunately when you have an economic crisis and national politicians try and find a solution it's always tempting to try and find a solution that respects the cultural differences because those are often the strongest feelings that people have in a crisis there are two ways to go with regard to the current euro crisis one is to build institutions for a european banking supervisor and a european financial ministration and european leaders are working on these the other direction to go is to emphasize the differences among european countries and try and tailor the way the euro functions to respond to those differences. there will be some of that because we're seeing deals with spain and with greece we

saw deals with ireland and portugal all of that does respond to those feelings of cultural difference but i think in the long run the whole goal of the euro is to minimize the impact of those cultural differences on people's standard of living and on their financial environment a couple of kept questions arise right away talking a little bit more on cultural differences yes we see different european leaders work on a common solution to save the year or to save the unity of the european union but still it seems so heart to find an agreement is specially if we see how germany is reacting to greece and how the u.k. is opposing the e.u. financial policies for example so is it a lack of trust or is it yet once again the cultural differences that really come in the way of their finding the common solution there are cultural differences but they're not just european national. francis if that was the only issue then the

united states as one nation would be able to solve its policy problems by agreeing on a solution as you know the united states right now is very divided between republicans and democrats who have different ideas about how to solve our economic problems and so very little is getting done in europe germans have a belief that the way to solve the problems is by more saving and more fiscal discipline the southern european countries believe the way to go forward is to promote economic growth and not worry so much at this moment about the debt those differences are very similar to those between american democrats and american republicans well from the latest of french president francois hollande has sat that europe must advance at several speeds so some believe that we would be seeing the inevitable the emergence of the two tarik europe i think there is a possibility i've written about that myself at the moment the levels of

productivity in different european countries are large one can compensate for that with a unified set of financial structures but then that will take time for those structures to overcome the differences the instant way to say ok we have differences in productivity let's have a marked difference in the financial system for different countries and that would require splitting the euro whether it's a two tier system or a different access system or even perhaps in some extreme cases a return to national currencies and you've been bringing up the united states a lot we are going to have presidential we are going to have presidential election in the us and yes we are domestic economy very much in focus at this point and although the united states economy is exposed to europe when you look at it willy hasn't taken a toll on it as much as one would. spec's why is that did oprah obama just get

plain lucky well i don't want to argue about whether obama is lucky or not there's a lot of evidence that he is unlucky and there is a lot of evidence that he has good luck we'll find out which is true when the election actually occurs but as regards the american economy the obama administration spent a lot of money on stimulus indeed if you look at net spending in the united states it has been much stronger since the onset of the recession in two thousand and seven than in most european countries european countries have been living according to their belief in austerity so they have reduced government spending and they have raised taxes the united states was not able to raise taxes and did increase government spending now there's an argument about which is the best approach to restore growth i really believe what the american experience shows is that you shouldn't raise taxes during a recession you should increase government spending and the reason european

countries have had greater trouble is they have done what i think shouldn't be done they followed a austerity policy before the recession was over i remember president obama got a great deal of criticism in the very beginning when he actually went for the stimulus packages and for the injection of stimulus and to the american economy but then again and it worked out like you said it worked out better than it did in europe but then again can the measures that are taken to. fix the american economy be taken into europe can going to same measures fix europe as well are or you do when you do need to have different approaches because it is two different things still there are different things europe essentially has a double problem they have how do we get southern european and northern european economies to move in the same direction and for that i think the answer is don't.

pursue austerity pursue growth and then there's a second problem of once countries are all moving in the same direction can you fix the european financial system and create united structures so that this problem doesn't appear again as it may appear in the next economic difficulty if the current division among national financial systems isn't isn't fixed as the author of the over book on global population trends you have argued that the most important thing is really the distribution of population now that the rich economies are really out of steam and the global economic crisis god knows how long it will stay around will these sick commie sexual be capable of absorbing. even new scores of immigrants as they were for the last century well i think there's a third adjustment that europe has to make aside from responding to the existing crisis and improving the unity of financial structure and that is europe has to

adjust to the reality of zero population growth. europe after all was the fastest growing part of the world for much of the nineteenth century and even into the twentieth century and yet we're looking at a twenty first century in which most european countries will have very little or no population growth that means the structure of welfare health care pensions housing all is going to have to change now i am seeing very hopeful signs in many european countries that they recognize becoming more open to immigration and doing a better job of integrating the recent immigrants that they already have are going to be very important for restoring economic growth so i don't think there's a choice there i just think it's a question of how soon does europe accept the reality that its population needs to be supported by immigration and that that's going to provide more of a benefit not

a threat keeping in mind everything that you've sat and if everything goes by your scenario. and america's still today being the best places on earth to leave according to living standards. will they be america and europe be able to sustain their living standards like they are today i think they'll be able to sustain them to a good degree because they have the technology and the capital but it will take sensible economic policies if europe and the us continue to spend way too much on public benefits like pensions and don't pay enough attention to research and education to raise the productivity of future workers then things will decline so there is the risk that we got it wrong on the other hand there's no reason that european and american people and companies won't profit from the growth that takes

place in places like china and india it's already a global economy so i think the prospects are good but let me also. even though places like shanghai may not be as rich as london or paris they have their own attractions being at the center of something new and exciting and growing fast can we just as attractive as being in a place like zurich that has a lot of stable well jack goldstone thank you very much worse interview a pleasure to be here thank you very much. in japan the average height for men is one hundred eighty two centimeters ten centimeters shorter because of that some employers refused to hire me one of them even told me directly that i was too short to deal with the clients computers already spent three months in this hospital and plans to stay for another four to add the coveted seven santa majors to his stature invented by the famed soviet

orthopedic is good for you is there of in the nineteen fifties these frames were initially used to treat fractures in deformities by cutting bones and slowly pulling them apart and therefore stimulating tissue regeneration it was out of was able to receive arms and legs and people who thought they were crippled for life the soon to be other patients shattered bones and in many cases their shattered lives with the main goal when professing the result of design his first brain using bicycle parts sixty years later he says invention is increasingly being used to help people who are eager to fracture their legs to become a few centimeters taller than the ultimate goal is still the same fixing somebodies live both literally and figuratively about a third of patients admitted to the result of center now days seeking series three focus magic reasons most of them a man and most are not what you would call vertically challenged professor novick

of who operated on many of them says it usually comes down to a man's pride some of the first patient to to turn. as with a leg length i mean a quest to meet his fifteen centimeters to be still want to surgery because panos tool than him we like to say that we need to break their legs in order to fix their heads maybe nothing wrong with them from the p.d. point of view but there is something psychological that prevents them from living below is fully being happy and we fix it like lengthening surgeries a band in many countries and even the one l. out there press expand safe in russia the entire course costs eleven thousand dollars about one tenth of the similar package in the united states financial considerations were one of the reasons that brought this washington state native to western siberia yet his main motive for the surgery had to do with how he fared in the others in america average height is one seventy five i was one sixty seven or

one sixty eight and so on eight centimeters would have brought me right to average if i just wanted to be average for women height isn't so important you know i think girl can be short and it's not a big deal i think a guy is like expected to be taller just before the operation most this matter a russian girl who found he's a regional hide quite endearing yet he still went ahead with the surgery adding seven more centimeters to he self-confidence she took told me the whole time you're crazy you're normal you're perfect. so now or should i call you so what a compliment for somebody who's used to falling short of his own expectations.

the headlines on r t betting on both in a two horse race wall street picks up the bill as obama romney burned through hundreds of millions of dollars alternately hoping to buy a friend in the future president. but never ending bothered some serious small challengers for a special envoy lakhdar brahimi he's in moscow right now for talks after the holiday true see proposed collapse immediately. make a massive project in london seize even some muslims in opposition to the real goal of the group behind it just one side radical ideas in the community. let's get some sporting action there is good to see you today let's talk about the fallout it continues after chelsea's defeat to magister united that was last night yeah there

oriya chelsea have submitted a formal complaint to the premier league over the language used by the referee of all people during the match i got one that just after this. hello there you're watching the sport here on r.t. and these are the headlines read reported chelsea lodge an official complaint against referee mark clattenburg over the language he used towards players during their three two defeat to manchester united last march to the top tier scart lead the way in the russian premier league to be on the mend when it terek to leap frog and she. qualifies to leave you put your san francisco when baseball's world series with a four game sweep of the detroit tigers is the first chelsea have launched an official complaint against the referee mark clattenburg it is alleged he used inappropriate language to two of their players during the blues three two defeat to manchester

united it is understood the players thought his comments were racist had a game at stamford bridge was full of. incident chelsea's fernando torres was sent off the diving while brown is not valid which was given his marching orders for bringing down the young chelsea had come back continue or down before the dismissals but harvey and is then scored the winner for united in the dying minutes although he appeared to be offside when moves united up to second in the table one point behind chelsea. elsewhere prophecies sais last minute strike gave newcastle a two one win over west brom tottenham beat second bottom southampton their two one at everton came back from two down to draw two two with liverpool in the merseyside derby with red striker luis suarez having a last minute winner ruled out for offside so wonderful for the. we should holders of these. and it will sort of deserve to be a brilliant one for us and stood. for streets at the same time i'm very proud to

look at my young team to do in a real cauldron of an atmosphere and who stood up to everything you can severely very experienced and that was another terrific strode forward for us and this is how the top end of the english premier league looks both managed to city and united are just a point behind leaders chelsea tottenham a fourth followed by everton and arsenal respectively. meanwhile to scar the new leaders of the russian premier league with coach leonid salutes he praising his team second half performance in their two one win over tech brazilian out on had put the chechen side ahead after beating keeper equal achrafieh to the near post but seeking honda levelled matters midway through the first half with a neat volley. and then just two minutes to go point is headed home the winner finishing off a free kick by fellow sweet sound to send the army men a point clear at the top terek stay for a. while and she slipped a second their seven game winning streak ending with a two one defeat at rubin the home side taking

a four minute lead through me in here the scene at all ray did bring energy level with the seventh goal of the campaign. but a cracker from after twenty minutes proved to be rubin's winner. worthy winner too because they're inside the now to seven. and after appalling start to the season to now moscow have finally hit form a one zero win over chris to get off their fourth win in five games for us to strike alexander record in the score early in the first half kevin could and you're the provider. so this is how the team stack up after thirteen games to scarlett program g into first spot then eat three points behind the army men last year's runners up sparta laughing. williams has powered her way past maria sharapova to win the season ending to a championship it is the third time the american has claim the title and she did it

without dropping a single set in the stamboul williams who's the world number three didn't face a single breakpoint either against the russian and hit eleven aces on her way to a six four six three victory lap of a never really in this one often overpowered by williams he smacked forty winners to her thirteenth conclusion incredible season second half to the season for the american after losing the first round of the french open she's gone on to win wimbledon the olympic gold medal and the u.s. open and she was being pretty modest after her latest prank. this important email is just another step in my career. like it's what i wanted to do it was just my main goal. you know playing really great tennis second half of the year and you know she certainly played a really consistent today and served really well it in get a chance to see a breakpoint today but yeah i mean overall if there's a few you know little moments where it could have you know found myself back in the

match and then she served extremely well into those opportunities away but overall it's been a great week for me martin del potro is the man of the moment on the men's tour he beat world number one more to federer to claim the swiss indoors title federer was hoping to win his home event for a sixth time in seven years but he looked out of sorts losing on a tie break after going long on match point del potro also won vienna last week. scored for guards five two victory over you to go to send his team into second place in the eastern conference the slovak forward was on fire from the off funding the park in his first. period his second was less scrappy before alexander popof added. however early in the second you have been out. he bragged to make it three one and in the middle of the third event that set ninety three but any hope of a comeback was quickly extinguished thirty seconds like as

a ball he completed his hat trick and then wrap things up with an empty netter she is runners up and i won eleven for that lost the. house where alexander the duels to third period go straight to scar forty when i was a bit of that zuko also had an impressive performance i see finish the game for that goal and two assists and it brings to an end. they can you carry chelsea's new so it's time that you look back at the peak of the action. the little the little cold. cold cold. cold cold.

winter. i.

could go with that now live or in the states the san francisco giants have won the second ice bowl world series title in three years completing a full game sweep of the detroit tigers at the teachings were tied at three a pace at the end of the ninth endings but it was the giants who got the winning score in the ten frind thirty outfitting

a single to right failing here advancing to second by some browning colquitt sacrifice and then writing home on a single by marco scutaro giants close associate almost then took to the land and struck at me but i had to sail away and that is the club seven whole time will see every scrap i worship played like we did against this great club i could be prouder of these guys and you know to be world champions and to have the last three years it's amazing i believe me i know how difficult it is you get here and i could be prouder of a group of guys that we're not. going to be denied in. and finally for the ones defending champion sebastian vettel insists the title race is not over despite leading by thirteen points after a victory in india at the weekend the red bull driver led from start to finish for his full think three in a row and took the checkered flag almost ten seconds ahead of nearest rival fernando alonso the spaniard was also lagging behind in the driver's championship

and is now those thirteen points off air through three races left and seventy five points available however vettel told reporters we have seen this year how quickly things can change so this race has gone and now we focus on darby this weekend. so we will see what will happen that's all the sport for now more like. you mean speak your language. programs in documentaries in arabic in school here on all t.v. reporting from the world's hot spots seventy odd piece interviews intriguing stories are you. still been trying. to find out more visit our big teeth. culture is

that so much about the taxpayers' money mandating it is a shiny new hot meal at merion how much of a union is it growing separatist movements in europe challenge many conventional wisdom about globalisation the nature of state sovereignty. wealthy british style. sometimes. markets why not come to. find out what's really happening to the global economy with mike stronger for a no holds barred look at the global financial headlines tune into kinds a report. you know sometimes you see a story and it seems so you think you understand it and then you glimpse something else and you hear or see some other part of it and realize everything you thought you knew you don't know i'm tom harkin welcomes a big picture. the

. english is soon which brightened if you knew about zoom from phones to the pressure in these. nice clean stunts on t.v. dot com.

such a loser.