the verdict is in army private bradley manning is found not guilty of aiding the enemy that charge carries a potential life sentence however manning will not be a free man any time soon coming up next more on the guilty charges handed down in the lengthy appeals process. and the world of medical tech advances we'll tell you about new technology being developed to influence body and mind the tools being used a beam of light or in this remarkable study coming up. and the government has given subsidies to meat to the nation's farmers but what would you say if the taxpayer dollars were given to people who aren't even alive i'll tell you about this spending beyond the grave in today's show.

hello there it's tuesday july thirtieth five pm in washington d.c. i marinate and you're watching our two. now our lead story today the verdict in the bradley manning trial a military court has found me private bradley manning accused of the largest leak of classified information in u.s. history not guilty of aiding the enemy now the aiding the enemy charge would have carried a maximum sentence of life in prison manning was however found guilty of most of the remaining charges against him including five charges of espionage five counts of theft and four counts of embezzlement bradley manning's family just released a statement on the verdict to the guardian newspaper it says while we are obviously disappointed in today's verdict we are happy that judge lynn agreed with us that brad never intended to help america's enemies in any way brad loves his country and was proud to wear it uniform. artie has been covering the trial from the very beginning and i spoke to r.t.

web producer andrew blake from fort meade maryland and i asked him if he could tell us what the reaction and mood were like once the verdict was read. relief relief everywhere relief from the journalist a handful of journalists who have been here for nineteen months relief from the spectators who drove hundreds of miles all night to be here for what was actually only a three minute long court hearing more or less colonel denise lynn took the stand just after one o'clock today she went through the twenty or so that private manning has been charged with and said i they're not guilty or guilty the first charge that she read was the aiding the enemy charge the most serious of them that could've sent manning a life sentence and the moment that she took the stand and said not guilty in the media center at least people just kind of didn't even know how to react but then but then sure enough you know a second later she started going through the other you know twenty one or so counts and at this point private manning could still face up to one hundred thirty six years in prison he has been convicted on almost all of the counts that he faces

except for aiding the enemy but anyways yes people are very relieved that this is over at least it is to release with regards to where it is right now we're kind of in the homestretch here we're going to enter the sentencing phase in which point we expect testimonies from around forty different witnesses who are going to go up and actually talk about private manning's intent his motive what he wanted to do when he got to make that little connection with wiki leaks a few years back now aside from relief the only other emotion that was really prevailing here today was. absolute frustration i'll be happy susan on behalf of the media dozens and dozens of members of the media the international media from around the world who are here and for me this afternoon for the verdict yet when the verdict was announced the internet at the base died people were not allowed to have phones are not allowed to have wife by hot spots so pretty much any journalist who was here which aren't many but enough for today were unable to file reports in a timely matter kind of caused a really big. what have you over here at fort meade but

this is about a trial that's been trotted in secrecy throughout for the last three years so. to say that it was unexpected would be a lie i suppose right now andrew bradley manning was acquitted of the most serious charge like you said the aiding the enemy charge but he was found guilty of nineteen lesser charges you mentioned before but can you talk more about what those charges are. they're basically a bunch of counts relating to either espionage or computer fraud. most of the trial and frankly the boring us parts of the trial the most boring parts we're hearing about how private manning pretty much took his ability as a very smart army intelligence analyst who knew how to use computers and harness that in order to get this information out private manning had the necessary permissions to access most of the information that he was accused of leaking to wiki leaks however how we actually got that material prompted the government to

file a number of computer fraud and abuse charges against him now also in addition to any enemy which we said is now off his plate the government has accused him and now charged him and convicted him of espionage multiple counts of espionage which sets pretty alarming for us today and for journalists for the media for democracy in general is nowhere near as terrible as if the would have been a guilty conviction of aiding the enemy but these ask charges are very very serious counts and if sentenced to. largest the lengthiest term possible private manning could spend one hundred thirty six years in prison meanwhile he was found not guilty of espionage like you said for releasing the collateral murder video can you explain this a little further please. now out of all the material that private manning willingly admitted to leaking to wiki leaks that's the guantanamo be

a teeny to sesame briefs state department diplomatic cables the collateral murder video another era. video hundreds and thousands of very sensitive military files now out of all of those collateral murder is perhaps the most well known and with good reason private manning found footage of u.s. soldiers firing and killing civilians journalists and civilians from from high in the sky just gunning them down private manning saw that he wanted the rest of the world to see that the thing about that footage though is that it wasn't top secret this wasn't this wasn't something that was highly sensitive it actually had been out there a very successful journalist had found a copy of it himself and wrote about it in a book that was published around the world so the government you know chose to let manning off a little easy on that one but you know like we were saying it is still possible hundred thirty six years maximum sentence based off of the other convictions and what was bradley manning's reaction today.

i spoke to someone actually who was sitting quite near him in the courtroom this afternoon and i spoke to her mediately after the verdict and i said what was brad like but what did brad do and she said that the moment that they read the not guilty verdict for aiding the enemy bradley and his civilian defense attorney david coombs both got a little smile across their face and when this person the spectator told me this neither of us really knew how to react and i've gone to this court many times i've sat directly behind manning a couple of times i bumped into him in the hall here at fort meade and this is you know someone whose life was literally hanging in the balance with this one count now yes he could spend the rest of his life in prison but the fact that they let him off of the most serious of charges is definitely something that everyone obviously the defense and the spectators the civilian spectators the supporters everyone was quite relieved to hear including private manning of course. thank you

for that report andrew that was our web producer andrew blake. argy has been. following the brother man in show from the very beginning and we've been bringing you all the latest from all developments in the trial throughout the trial argy correspondent liz wahl has been outside the courthouse at fort meade almost every day since the drug got underway but the saga of bradley manning started way before the court martial began in june here's liz wall with a look back at the key events he enlisted in the military in two thousand and seven bradley manning was a private first class from the second brigade combat team he was deployed to a base near baghdad iraq to work as an intelligence analyst it was here in may two thousand and ten that he was arrested for leaking hundreds of thousands of classified documents to the anti-secrecy website wiki leaks among them iraq and afghanistan war logs and videos guantanamo bay detainee assessments and diplomatic

cables the government filed twenty one charges against him total the most serious charge aiding the enemy a rare charge that carries a life sentence with no chance of parole it would be nearly three years before he would have his day in court and for me. two thousand and thirteen he pleaded guilty to ten of the lesser charges and made into leaking the information to wiki leaks the court martial began on june third the prosecution called up dozens of witnesses over the span of six weeks to prove that manning aided the enemy when he sent over seven hundred thousand classified documents to wiki leaks according to the government manning should have known that by doing so al qaeda and their affiliates would have seen the information they said he did it all because he was craving fame and notoriety they also tried to prove that manning was conspiring with julian the saudis the founder of wiki leaks in an effort to get as much u.s. government secrets on the internet as possible the defense's case was much quicker

wrapping up on its third day and they showed this video the now infamous video dubbed collateral murder that manning leaked it shows an apache helicopter firing down on civilians on the ground in iraq manning's attorney david coombs tried to characterize manning as a whistleblower a young man that was troubled by what he saw and wanted to bring the truth to the public and spark and national debate. after three months of trial the judge alone delivered the verdict judge colonel denise lind found him not guilty of aiding the enemy but guilty of most of the other charges even though he was acquitted of the most serious charge he still faces over one hundred years for the lesser charges a judge will determine that part of his fate during sentencing in washington liz wahl are to you. know you know the general timeline of the brother manning show here's a look at how the court martial out. mattingly was in the courtroom today for the

first full start of the court martial in the three years since bradley manning's arrest there have been a number of protests held and his support today is one of the largest we've seen so far and it's one of many protests happening across the country and. the opening arguments of this case the prosecution said that they would prove that manning sent classified videos to a man by the name of jason katz we're talking about it portably shows a military helicopter firing down on civilians in afghanistan resulting in mash casualty is one of the things we tried to highlight with the video was bradley bradley manning's own words was sort of the question which i think is maybe one of the most important questions for a time which is what would you do if you had access to information that you believe belong in the public domain and that was necessary for people to make informed decisions would a be defense prevented their closing arguments and they started off by attacking

the prosecution's case and their theory the way that they portrayed bradley manning one of the first things that they said was quote their story has been a logic of a child the judge did not dismiss this charge of aiding the enemy so as of now the possibility of life behind bars without parole still stands for the army the army private i would say that we've now had a trial we've had evidence put together of the government presented no evidence that he affirmatively intended to harm the united states took the stand just after one o'clock today the first charge that he read was the aiding the enemy charge the most serious of them that could've sent manning a life sentence and the moment that she took the stand and said not guilty in the media center at least people just kind of didn't even know how to react. stace final judgment of the bradley manning trial brings up a lot of questions both for the army private and for the country now to walk us through the legal ramifications of today's verdict i was joined our earlier by

colonel morris davis colonel davis is a professor of law at howard university and the former lead prosecutor at guantanamo bay and an expert witness who testified in the manning trial i started by asking him about the larger implications of the manning verdict it's critically important to him certainly but i think also is important for a number of other factors as well the military justice system which has really taken a beating over the last several months over the sexual assault problem so i think today was an opportunity to show that military justice can work so you know good on judge lynn and for i think doing the right thing here was which i think does help rehabilitate the image of military justice i think is a statement about her where the distance going to be a judgment based on courage or compliance and it looks like an act of courage on on her part i think it's a statement too about the obama administration's war own leaks and the public binding out about what its government is doing so i think in that respect it's

probably a loss for them that bradley manning didn't become the scapegoat they would like him to been right now christian harston it sees me want to get this name right ha ha ha clinton sorry question if you're hearing this is a spokesman for wiki leaks and he spoke to our g earlier today and let's take a look at what he had to say. these obesity facing a long time in prison is specially when you think about how this trial has been carried out by a judge slint one is smoke filled with a meal to miss it only last week the two it's allowed to prosecution to change so what the judge is on the last day of the trial now do you agree with what we've seen from lance point from what we've seen from the land at that point so manning receiving a longer sentence or not well it will be as a he's facing and it sounds terrible hundred thirty or maximum now again that's the maximum frequent represented clients it can add up quickly like one drug deals

fifteen years to ten of those next one hundred fifty days that mean that's what you're going to get so one thirty is the max i expect mr coombs the defense counsel to follow a motion to treat some of those offenses as being multiplicity even though there are two charges there one course of conduct that they should be punished as a single event so one thirty is the upper limit probably looking at something if i was a bet and i don't bet because i'm bad at guessing but probably something in the twenty to twenty five year age is probably what i would be looking for ok now what does the defense do now will they appeal the guilty verdict for espionage or and doesn't answer other other critics that i'm sure they will have nothing to lose there after that these sentences and now i'm assuming sometime probably next week the trial phase and then it goes into the appellate review process which is a four step process it'll first go to the convening authority then will go to the

army court of criminal appeals then to the court of appeals for the armed forces and to the five judge civilian panel here in d.c. and then potentially the supreme court so what we're looking at is probably another three to five years of litigation where these issues will be litigated for manning things can stay as is or. get better they can't get worse so like the aiding the enemy charge can't be brought back against him so. if i was ham i would fight it tooth and nail at every step and you know try to make a better situation out of it like you said nothing to lose now any insight into how did judge denise and how she came to her legal decision is made of is commendable that for so i would have preferred that she grant the motion last week to dismiss the aiding the enemy charge saying this offense is not a legitimate offense and should be dismissed outright but she let it go forward and today she said the government's evidence didn't meet the beyond

a reasonable doubt standard so you know it's kind of a mixed bag of them certainly pleas she didn't convict him of aiding the enemy but i would have preferred that she had dismissed the charge outright so what we wound up is you know she said the government cleared the low the low hurdle they didn't clear the high hurdle which for private manning it's you know same result but for other people for the other potential leakers or journalists you know it's still kind of hanging there in limbo where i would prefer just to seeing it dismissed right now there's been some speculation that judge land god could be promoted to the court of appeals at this and if that were to happen would that mean that she would be in charge of seen the appeals case. and we hated him from a military standpoint moving from being a trial judge to the appellate court and is not a promotion and so still be a colonel and he still is a good job but is really a lateral i mean in the military you normally stay in an assignment for you know

one to three years and then you move to another sign like me when i was stationed here in d.c. i'm out last five years i have three different jobs so her moving to the court is not a reward or a punishment is just a lateral move there are at least ten or twelve judges on the appellate court and they sit in three judge panel so she will be. qualified for him being on you having any involvement. in the case will be a different group of army appellate judges that will hear private manning scase and so that her involvement and when she announces a sentence now even without the aiding the enemy charges you talked about there's a little bit a man he's still going to face more than one hundred years behind bars can you now expand on what happens with the sentencing phase the court martial this gives you the most military things are there's no easy answer to the question there's a voluminous army regulation people can go out to google and type in army confinement then they'll find the regulation that lays out everything for many

pairs of socks you can have to how you calculate how much time you've served assuming he gets a say twenty years to an example twenty years typically a quake to something in the ten to twelve year range now in addition he'll get credit for the time he's already been in confinement he gets the extra credit for the period the judge lynn said he was mistreated so you're probably knocking four years off to begin with then you get good time credit if you behave yourself you get ten days a month all if you take college courses you get some more and then after you sort of the third you're eligible for parole so assuming it manning is sentenced to twenty years he's probably looking at another i would say you know eight to ten at most before looking at maybe early thirty's when these actually out on the street well thank you for your insight we always appreciate your to have you here that was colonel morris davis professor of law at howard university. still out here

on our team it's like a scene out of a size five film a beam of light controlling the minds of lab rats how is this possible and can't be used on humans will get some answers after the very. now the same story doesn't make it news no softball interviews no puff pieces some tough questions.

and now we want to change things up a little bit and discuss the major breakthroughs in science and medicine so here's what's on the docket now you may remember the summer blockbuster inception. well if an idea can build a city some mit professors found that a beam of light can build a home in memory at least in the minds of mice and i actually research scientist show she's made sure you know explains how this is possible to our to earlier today . another misconception about memory is like memory it's like a picture was taken it was like. that was a. sort of memory is everything that ever a time when we think about something when we were something actually we also make some changes to that member so a little experiment. here so we want to see. all the

memory and also the new information into that we might a completely new memory in this case a completely false. meanwhile programmer of barnaby jack was a well known hacker especially for one instance where he got cash to fly out of a.t.m.'s and he was slated to head to san francisco for a presentation on a new hack into a pacemaker that he was working on but before he could show off that technique of killing from thirty feet away he was pronounced dead late last week and finally we'll be talking about brain hacking ever eyes are machines that use magnetic fields and radio pulses to map the inside of a body but there's a new use for them now functional and our eyes can also measure changes in brain activity so are these machines mind readers to discuss all of this i'm joined by dr natasha venom or futurist and co-author of the trans humanist reader.

that to be here thank you now first question do these new false memories and mice in essence take the place of true memories or do you keep all your memories and just absorb new fake ones as well that's a really good point because there's some it's research on what is memory and what is selective memory sometimes we remember issues that happened to us years ago when we were maybe five or six years old that can't remember what happened to us last week or last year so our memory has different capacities for long term memory short term memory and working memory. memory manipulate memory has a history going back to brainwashing hypnosis suggestion and mind reading is another aspect of it which we looked at for years with individuals who claim to be psychic able to reach your mouth your mind but if you assume as can be coercive and sometimes not so these hackers are wearing a white hat or a black hat usually. now do you see this technology ever being utilized on humans.

definitely i think that the f. m.r.i. is a way we can take a look at our brain and different problems for medical reasons but certainly if we can determine thought or a set of thoughts of memories through the brain i think that's a very healthy thing because we don't want to lose our memories remember alzheimer's disease is on the rise and as we're living longer and aging more slowly hopefully we're youthfully with we're vitality and our memories and we want to know as much as possible about our my mind and our burnings now how long before you think we might see this type of technology used in humans. well we're already seeing little bits and pieces of it in fact there's some research being done right now with the well known scientist stephen hawking is in trying to have slate his memories i mean that's one research project the other one is when you mention with the f. m.r.i. there's also the one with the the rats at mit looking at if we can imprint memories

into rats and usually these memories are fearful memories i'd like to see them do some happiness memories actually so weak you mention of them inception i think that we will be able to manipulate memories to be sure just as we've been manipulating minds since maoist china or the. period of my manipulation but we want to do it in a healthy way coersion is never good no matter how we look at it that's what we kind of know in layman's term is brainwashing no yes absolutely correct creepy want to if we're going to hack we want to use the white hat that means protecting ourselves from being hacked by coercive individuals who want to steal something from a such as our memories but if we know how to hack ourselves then we'll be able to protect our own memories again this is a very fuzzy area but hacking often carries with us a very negative connotation so we want to be very careful about how we use hacking

now with medical procedures like the pacemaker doctors are implanting more and more computers into humans bodies but does that leave our bodies open to more and more hacking in a kind of as the case of a barnaby jack he boasted about that. absolutely i think you raise a very important question asker emerging more more with machines as we become more a cybernetic as we become more trance human and if we're going to exist in multiple platforms say in real time the physical material world in our biological body and also in computational systems as up close perhaps as post humans and different types of substrates or platforms we're going to want to keep our crystal hood intact that's our memories we are our memories the composite our memories of course the consciousness and other sense of belief systems but it's our memories that are so bad you built to us so we want to protect them in any way we can as merging more with machines will certainly be using more apps on our smartphones more implants in

our bodies like we have the hips now we're using chips in our bodies except our but we're going to have to have a very good surveillance team and probably will have new types of insurance that will help protect just like we have insurance that helps us protect our homes interesting stuff now what is this brain hacking we think of my readers as kind of marriage magical type stuff but couldn't my own readers really be just an m.r.i. away. that's really something to think a lot about i think that the f. m.r.i. is an interesting method for looking at the brain and certain functions of the brain but i think it's going to be very highly thin that's technologies that are going to do far more x. and national and accelerating effort in that if we take a look at nanomedicine for example which is the medical field putting small computers in our brains to help clear cell damage and various problems with diseases those are computers going into our brains so they could also be working

with their neurons creating memory and align with them and maybe help preserve them so we need to look at both sides of the issue here both the negative side about the hackers and protecting ourselves from being hacked as well as the need for us to back up our memories now what one machine mind readers do to our understanding of freedom and privacy as we know it today excellent issue i think one of the most important bills today is identity and interesting lee not the domain of psychology haven't gotten into it into the twenty first century they're still lagging behind a bit but if we look at where identities go in and out of prison it's very important for us to consider how many different aspects of our selves from going to be distributing right now i'm skype in with you so this is oneself but my material stuff is right here as we get into telepresence as we get into virtual reality be our systems upload systems backup of the brain except for a we're going to need

a far better our reach an understanding of who we are and our brain our consciousness and our memories toxified a more interesting stuff thank you for being here with us today thank that dr natasha more co-author of the transhumanist critter. now a new report released by the government accountability office says that between two thousand and eight and two thousand and twelve the agricultural department gave out over thirty million dollars and farm subsidies to forty five hundred people who had been dead for over one year now the farming service agency identified thousands of deceased individuals who were paid at three point three million dollars in improper payouts for their debts of which the f.s.a. has recovered approximately one million dollars now the government accountability office reviewed a random sample of payments to to those deceased individuals and that the f.s.a. identified as proper now if found that nine percent did not have sufficient support to to be coded as proper and more monitoring to ensure that county offices coding

coding of payments is supported by documentation could help to reduce these error rates now if you can believe it this is still a big improvement over previous audits between one hundred ninety nine and two thousand and five the agricultural department gave away one point one billion to more than one hundred seventy thousand people crazy stuff i marinate it will see you back here at eight o'clock have a good night. the worst you're going to look a little like. what . if you've never seen anything like.