same time the president's backers took to the streets to affirm their support for nicolas maduro and rejects the opposition's allegations they wouldn't do it. the series of shootings and bomb attacks across iraq have left at least nineteen dead many of them civilians the deadliest attack took place about one hundred kilometers north of baghdad when a convoy carrying a top military commander was ambushed by gunmen the commander escaped but six of his bodyguards were killed more than four thousand people have died since january in the worst wave of violence in five years. coming up r.t. looks at the ancient custom of blood feuds in russia's caucuses region and how they are changing in the twenty first century stay with us.

but if you will watch. all the face. pleasure to have you with us here on our team today i'm sure.

if cleaning his gun after being on duty is a matter of priority it's almost a ritual for him and he's helped by his seven year old son. i want my son to be a soldier everybody in our family has been a military man. my father and even my grandfather and his time it's always been that way you could say our family loves weapons. and already disassemble the pistol by himself and knows where each individual part goes . he says it's not too heavy for him it's just his hands are too small.

this mail is being prepared for adult life in chechnya several generations of the family have followed the chechen code every shooting is answered with another. they have taken revenge for each one of their murdered clan members. yes very much so he says are you going to carry a gun i will he says we have always had respect for weapons and i suppose it's been that way for centuries it's hard. ismail's grandfather of. the chechen world for father.

to also trained his children and nephews to handle weapons when they were still very young. being able to handle a gun is one of the most important skills for a chechen man. during the church in war. a group of separatists fighting against russia in a bid to achieve independence. but when the ideological war into a business by abducting and killing people for money. to the federal forces they guaranteed amnesty hundreds of gunmen surrendered at that time. to handle weapons they might not be necessarily directed against. it's possible my children were.

killed. valid revenge not even the prospect of imprisonment or death could break his oath. that killed my son with impunity killed them with impunity then methods that justice in doing so. hundreds of families in the caucuses just like the. many vendettas can be handed down from generation to generation. special reconciliation commissions have been set up in each district and village in the hope of achieving peace like here in the republic of russia south and bordering chechnya. there. is

chairman of a reconciliation commission he has personally settled more than fifty family feuds in his district in the past twenty years. he stood his ground even when sworn enemies refused to allow him into their homes because they weren't willing to forgive murderous some even threatened to kill him. m l two members of the family when they were killed in a fight it was involuntary manslaughter. he only find out how difficult it is to forgive a murder when somebody of your clan is killed. but you must forgive in any case if good decent or honorable people plead with you on behalf of allah a muslim is supposed to be a forgiving person. the murderous spends more than ten years in prison but when

he left he was still fearful of revenge but. to sway to the old man to forgive the mudra and cool off the feud whew. there was a time when i brought the elders here. a god fearing people. but i wasn't actually there myself when they finally discussed what to do about the matter but at last they all agreed that the crime should be forgiven. made a conscious decision to set an example for the entire caucasus so that all those people could be forgiven. the reconciliation ritual as a grand affair. by the side of the vendetta once the events to be filmed the killer is accompanied by elders from his clan and sometimes as many as several thousand people take part. in this case the man caused

a fatal road accident he wears a long hooded overcoat symbolizing that he's ashamed to look into the eyes of the family of the victim the hood is removed to signify forgiveness. for the. members of the to cleanse embrace pray together and celebrate their reconciliation cases of involuntary manslaughter easier to forgive than. in the one nine hundred ninety s. separatists established their own interpretation of sharia law they had no use for reconciliation. scenes of public executions summary justice like this was typical in chechnya or the one nine hundred ninety s. . this woman who contracted the murder of her husband is about to be executed by his side is the assassin you have been found guilty under article one six seven and

one six eight the sentence is death by firing squad. or interested with the execution neither before nor have been so visible to the public. the supremes court that fact didn't deter him from admitting his mistakes when he sided with the federal authorities today he is chechnya and one of its chief peacemakers. says in the day if you forgive your muslim brother i will be indebted to you on judgment day. says i will forgive all of your sins that's what's written in the koran at the. head of

chechnya ramzan kadyrov took a radical step to resolve the problem of blood vendettas he appealed to the people to forgive each other he also instructed a mom's to use all possible means to reconcile sworn enemies i am the first week's reconciliations and after two years there have been five hundred forty five am. anyone committing the. knows that he will be killed. we asked them to bury the hatchet not just once not just ten times but a hundred we came in every time of day or night to plead with them to come to terms . but they scolded and cursed us they spat at us and shoot us away. they didn't even allow us to approach their home. and we put we hold no grudge against them we

took an understanding view of the state of their mind. has two sons according to coke asian tradition children display stripped to be dns to their fathers and help their parents to do the chores. third hussein used to help to when he was born the entire tree guy of clans celebrated the event . he was my first son. when he was born all of us were so happy because he was a boy while all of my brothers had daughters with. hussein was twenty years old when he was shot and killed by a fellow villager during an argument or march a guy of hope that the peace makers would never visit him. i absolutely had

no desire to make up with him my plans all i wanted was to kill that man i didn't care what would happen to me. the murderer was given eighty is but to guy of and to down his own sentence he waited for the day when the man would be released from prison he had already planned out the revenge in his own mind. i have imagine hanging on this memory him for eight years once that's done i would stuff his remains into a car and take them to his family like i would take them to the market place i think about it every day and night every hour and every second. with little with just the worst thing that could happen to anybody although. he has taken away everything. a man without a family is nothing but that samir. here he is hussein's leading the song this is who say. because sane was religious this old footage shows

him among a group of chechens performing a special kind of prayer. bishan was to be a theological scola but that would never be. a little bit. they say time heals all wounds for frankly though this is not quite true. memories of those days will linger deep in my heart. i see him in my dream he says mother i can't go home. not coming home. you. know who the guy of nell says present home with his youngest sons and

a grandson who is called hussein in honor of his murdered uncle. had to forgive the killer. to hearing pleas from everyone of spiritual leaders. agreed to. that he left the village and stayed out of his sight. he promised not to chase down the mudra but deep down he could never truly forgive him. the move to do this with you can't even imagine how difficult it is to restrain myself this is a hellish unbearable effort i have to be patient and restrain the others like i would restrain a good race horse when i have to restrain my brothers and his brothers. the koch asian vendetta custom came into being long before the advent of islam. locals lived in small mountain the settlements known as watchtower as. their ruins

can still be found scattered around the countryside of chechnya and english at the end. if anyone committed murder they had to flee their village and seek refuge in one of the more remote watchtower us. sometimes relatives had to flee with them because local custom permitted revenge against the whole family not just the murder of. the vendetta was a restraining factor throughout the centuries no mudra would ever be allowed to go unpunished. wealthy british style.

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you know sometimes you see a story and it seems so you think you understand it and then you glimpse something else you hear or see some other part of it and realize everything you thought you don't know i'm tom harpur welcome to the big picture. of teachers his seven year old son to drive a car the boy can barely contain his excitement when he gets to charge.

ask for permission to drive the car i first drove a car when i was nine or ten years old i just tell him to wait another couple of years and then he can drive by himself. apart from driving as much as told to be a man by taking responsibility for what he say's he's often told about what his grandfather did he vote. to avenge his son's death and proved true to his word. my father often said to me listen my son if you say something if you let out a single word be sure to make good on aren't you. a vendetta or is a procedure strictly regimented by sharia law there are explicit rules about who should be and when they also dictate what kind of weapon must be used and how. did not comply with the accepted rules. when he killed his son's murder by blowing

up a car. soldiers also died. on the one hand i felt relief because nobody could now say that neither my sons nor myself had taken revenge. on the other hand i felt disappointed because i had made the mother and the father of those i killed suffer the. mother was moved to tears each time a son visited her more than ten years had passed but still she vividly remembered that fateful day when a gunman came to take away. they couldn't find him and took his son ismail hostage instead he has not been seen alive since. when i looked out the window i saw a group of gunmen. i don't know where they've come from. i went there and shouted

where are you is my own they told me to get away but i didn't then i saw them tying his miles hands and dragging him out of the house he just looked at me and that was the end of it. thief. his personal body guards he. had to be. they both became. the youngest brother. customs. take revenge for their father. to be loyal to no one although that my father. there to go. after joining the russian troops began his fight against by carrying out special operations looking for explosives and holding them. there have been

seven attempts on his life and he's been wounded four times. have always been by his side sharing the risk of protecting him. death or die with me. completely aware of what i'm doing. destined to die i want them to die with dignity. oh. reflecting on the value of life is not something everyone in the caucuses likes to do on the contrary to dying for a family on a muslim values can be seen as a matter of exceptional valor i thought this is the first time that one of the main objects of mud. hand from the bid of the prophet muhammad has been brought.

to the just one ever did i judge it on. such events like nothing else. several sworn enemies of. reconciliation after their pilgrimage to the prophet's head. the head of. god's reconciliation as one of the main national projects this tiny republic has only a small population. and hostile families could be a source of real tension. when your country and its people have very hard time with enemies stand united. physics. prompted me to make it clear that bandits. basis if you want to avenge yourself.

do it in a different manner join the police force. for their revenge. is eighty two years old he heads one of the most powerful families in it. he's also head of the republican conciliation commission and seeks to reconcile but refuses to forgive the murder of his son. i spent more than a million dollars trying to find the murderers of my son. i've traveled far and wide. who could have done it and why. we have an idea about who the mastermind is. we

don't know who shot him. as a businessman. king because that's what he sold. the opposition leader in english. before leaving his house. because he sensed danger. both his competitors and political opponents stood to benefit from his death. this is the last known footage of my career before he died he's attending the wedding of his youngest son adam who abducted his bride just before she was about to be engaged to another man only someone from a very powerful clan could afford to do that. at the ceremony he had no idea that the carrying his son actually put would be strafed with bullets just a few weeks later. the

funeral thought much of showed off the signs of the. eat. now if the man who masterminded the murder comes to me. and says that he killed my son. i will forgive him. well but i won't forgive him if i find him after spending a long time looking for him. as things stand now i can forgive him but the. will never do it push. the great grandson who was born soon enough to death was given the same name in his

own. no regards him as the most important person in the household but. he's saying take that camera away. the entire family gets together special occasions the young women bustle in the kitchen the older ones stay with the men there's a separate table for the youngsters and the chefs always follow this tradition life goes on. i was. still present a powerful threat the sprawling plan is engaged in big business. they can never forget that the most important klan member has gets to be avenged. each family has at least three children the old boys the better was that thought to

provide better protection for the family when they grow up. was. everyone already. special operation. his youngest son meets him at the door. eerily prophetic yes he will seek vengeance. but today he was summoned to work. went to meet a friend. it was there that. three bullets in his head.

never forgive myself and. i wish i had died protecting my father. myself for the rest of my life. at that moment why was i not by my side. visit to the cemetery with his young son. who already knows that his grandfather and uncle. reverberates throughout the centuries. don't need to be ashamed of it and you don't need to care what people say what's important is that your soul is a piece. doesn't matter who killed my father everyone should take

responsibility for their actions. it turned out that the former comrades in arms had masterminded his death they had never forgiven his betrayal when he sided with federal forces. the special unit killed the gunman several months later. only regret is that he didn't do it himself. and so for now at least modern secular laws and the old ways of the mountains continue to live side side by .

down in the final. and the rest. will be.

access all areas millions of people's internet and phone data is being harvested by a british intelligence agency according to reports that leading telecom companies gave g c h q. assistance. while in the u.s. calls to say surveillance program are ignored as politicians seem more intent on attacking edward snowden. and america warns citizens to stay away from the middle east because of fears. some experts washington policies in the region continue to fuel resentment. take a look at what wall street would rather people didn't know that's on the report next .