we talked before about people getting in trouble throughout the usa just for gardening in fact according to the christian science monitor a couple in florida has been fined five hundred dollars a day until they dig up their vegetable garden which is on their own property immediately people who write these articles draw comparisons to communist russia where people weren't allowed to grow their own food and let's not state all out it yes the revolutionary period in russia forced agriculture to change rapidly and often against the will of many of those involved and this did lead to starvation revolution isn't fun but what about after that while stalin and khrushchev gave out a lot of documents which are private summer houses where people guard and also there were markets in the soviet union where people could bring the food they grew to sell to see all these pictures behind me these are people in the soviet union selling food they produced privately and legally but there were some moments in soviet history when there were some taxes placed on the sale of your personal goods from your personal labor which according to russian website history of taxes was

around ten percent whether you love or hate communism more than anything doesn't matter this half truth about shooting soviet gardeners burns like wildfire on the american side of the internet the real truth is that in fact when the us government for ever reason in various forms clamps down on private gardens it isn't the same as communism but it's actually technically worse than communism for the majority of its lifespan where you could guard it up as you like excluding the brutal revolutionary period but that's just my opinion. speak your language. programs and documentaries in arabic in school here i'm. reporting from the world talks about six seven zero eight pm interviews intriguing story. you. say a true arabic. to find out more visit.

that. list. that speed. limits good. luck to me that a little. more

probable lawyer the most complex human to. come up. in the phenomenon of friendly fire probably extends back to the invention of gunpowder. to kill a bunch of people and. their families there are of us people. reading. this some shoots my brother in the leg not intentional because again because it was night time it was four in the morning even the best given the pouch sold. we're going to make mistakes this is this whole idea of

brotherhood and author. and camaraderie in this sense it was in this context that has absolutely no place. i want to welcome to sophie and co meets the shevardnadze well look at the global economy today and how i would spin this players the world trade organization is finding its way in the changing circumstances. in the stormy you don't say for ocean of the global economy it's thought there is safety in numbers. the world trade organization was told to steady the ship

coordinates direction and help the participants communicate. in the turbulence of recent years because this giants lost its confidence while its members become more selfish the rich dominate the poor imposing plane fare rules for obtaining better deals. how can the w t o restore come among its ranks and extinguish fierce trade conflicts does it know where it's headed where is it safer to be now within the w t o or without. and i guess today's it all back to as a vat though the director general of the world trade organization who just assumed office at the beginning of september this year mr as a veteran it's great to have you with us on the show. so in your first address to the director general you set the w t o on the multilateral. trading system are an

important crossroads well in fact the w t o is thought to be going through a major crisis and many even doubt it's a bad billet see what can you do to change that do you have any concrete solutions . well we have been in this situation for a long time and we have to change it simple as that. has been in place since one thousand nine hundred ninety five and since then there has never been one single negotiated agreement multilaterally we have to change that now bali is an opportunity we're going to have the ministerial conference at the end of the year in december and we are negotiating now with smaller package it doesn't mean that it's not significantly affect it's a very significant package but it's something different from what we were doing before so who knows this next approach would begin to yield some fruits and we can not only harvest something significantly bali but also open the door for future

agreements but in your approach to changing things in w.t. what will be different from your proudest predecessor because he was saying the same thing you were saying that things have been stagnating and he wanted to change that but he couldn't do anything really well this is the first time that we actually try to approach something different from the whole round. we have still a few weeks to go this is an opportunity i am talking to members engaging with them i think we're trying to build some trust and confidence in each other and this is a very personal process whether we believe it or not in such a big organisation it's very personal to we have to understand where each other come from and i think we are in position to do something it's very it's going to be extremely difficult it doesn't look easy but it's possible it's doable and i'm sure that will be done now. around that you just brought out those global trade

negotiations which were supposed to lower trade barriers across the globe right now is considered as good as debt are you still going to pursue it. i don't think it's as good as that frankly what we were into doing badly is part of the doha round it's not the whole go round but it's part of the it's a partial package which is within the doha round and my whole you said if we can be successful in bali we're going then to only log the negotiations and maybe who knows try to approach the room from different angles from different perspectives and begin to move in the right direction if you look at w t o today right the way it's wired it's not exactly fair since we're ever joined later has to follow the rules set by the founding members right supporting many developing countries who joined later in an underprivileged position what are you going to do about this inequality. well the purpose of negotiations is precisely to lower

and to have more disciplines which apply to everyone i think those who exceed that later had to negotiate the terms of accession but that's frankly that's the rule of the game that's the way it has always been now once the members are in they negotiate on a far they negotiate on equal basis with all the other members they have equal rights and they will negotiate conditions for the next round of the next agreements which will hopefully be something that they can accept and perceive is something balanced here many would argue that trade conflicts have been a definite rise in recent years why have they flourished in your opinion and what can be done to raise these tensions. treat tensions are more new i mean. they have been there since the beginning of times. beginning of the one nine hundred forty seven three dimensions exist that's what the system is for the system is. signs

lead to ease those tensions to allow members to find solutions to negotiate outcomes which are acceptable to both of them i have been negotiating in the been a participant in the w. cio since one nine hundred ninety seven and over all these years i have never seen a moment a moment a moment when tensions were not there so you don't you don't think it's a new think of a present that that actually trade tensions are rising you think it's always been there. they're not ok but. frankly it will always be there. all right but also there are more and more regional unions being formed around the globe the likes of the americas sir the european union the customs you know valorous kazakstan russia for instance can these grow and develop within their organization or is this the beginning of a nam for w t o. o on the contrary i think the help of the building blocks towards trade liberalisation these blocks these groups these costumes unions these free

trade areas they don't come up with without disciplines in order to be set up they have to follow disciplines and these are multilaterally negotiated disciplines which ensure that these blocks that these free trade areas will not raise barriers on the contrary that they are going to lower it and begin to ease countries into a more open environment. but what about the united states and the e.u. agreement that's probably going to be signing time soon the free trade agreement which is sad will turn into w w t o just because you know it will control thirty percent of global trade what would you do what we what superstition of w t o after this agreement is signed. the same as any other this is an agreement that will help to move forward trade liberalization. i think that these agreements are very

important they compliment the multilateral trading system but they do not substitute the multilateral produces for several reasons they're less they are less limited they're more limited i'm sorry i'm more limited in terms of coverage there are fewer countries that participate in them. they these agreements are limited in terms of the disciplines that they can establish they won't address subsidies for example they will very hardly address the new forms of protectionism which is coming into place they would never address these kinds of protectionism globally did that really chill would but these agreements wouldn't they're welcome they are an important step in the right direction but they are not to be considered as substitutes and they would never be substitutes for the motor that watering system so that was two blocks march when they'd be thrashed out of them forging new rules of the game to work everyone else. i don't think so because. these

these blogs in the united states and the european union they are already very open economies and the fact that they are. having an agreement that allows trade goods and services to flow freely between them doesn't change the picture very much what they are actually going to do is go into the area of disciplines they're going to negotiate the regulations which are more harmonized between those two and that can be helpful weighty because it diminishes the number of differences in regulations that members have to face when they try to sell their products and services in one or another country but at the same time it helps to move the environment of negotiations forward the more countries are engaged in trade bitterly seizure negotiations such as these more. helpful it is for the most little

pretty system to follow into and to act in a similar way rusher and brazil your home country are members of both w t o and the brakes club of emerging economies also embracing china india and south africa how much do you think bricks can continue developing into a new driving force in the world it will be for some time i have no doubts about that even now that the developed world this is a recall very beginning to grow more rapidly than it was before the brics are still major elements for growth in the in the world economy and i don't think that's going to change very soon one of the reasons for there is that the dynamic economies there are still growing there are incorporated large masses of people into the formal economy so this phenomenon is not going to change very soon which doesn't mean that they are necessarily a club apart they are just becoming part of

a more globally integrated world economy coming up to the break what's better always there i'm going to shake up next what's what's changed again from joining w t o and who is to strongest kid on the block don't go away. on their way to antarctica the crew of the i can to make sure the face many challenges. here you have to look out for yourself crashing on to rocks trapped in pack ice in extreme conditions anything can happen and dark you're always comes up with surprises you have to keep your eyes open because there's always something going. wrong the ship carries huge reserves of water food fuel as well as

helicopters and people able to survive extreme conditions they're ready for anything even an apocalypse she's really an incredible ship. calling all antarctica stations are going to this is academic a field of radio check please respond. well if you're going to come and watch these policies i think you. should have you with us here on t.v. today i roll researcher.

welcome back to the show we're talking to roll back though as event of the director general of the w t o about the unity he's organization is lacking and the benefits that may not be there so says we already are talking about russia it has been a member for a little over a year and now but what was russia's membership at it on a global level for trade for example. well of course russia is a very important economy grow in the in the world and it would be very. unusual in them fortunate to have an organization the size of the w two one organization that is looking for you never sell it. to be operating without having

russia in it so i think the russian accession is a welcome development to the to the organisation to the world economy because then the rules which apply globally to the members will also apply to russia so that provides predictability that provides a level playing field i think for all so it's a very welcome development had there been any negative fallout from that. not really i think in the cio every time a major economy joins there is a period for accommodation there is a period for adjustments that happen when for example when china joined the years after the jain the chinese accession years of accommodation there was. a better understanding i think the parties were testing where each other word they were talking to each other they were finding areas of commonality but also areas of

disagreement and that's normal that's absolutely normal that's going to happen with russia too and that's going to happen with other economies that will be significant and will be joining the euro but what would you say russia has gained from joining definitely taken into consideration both the state of russian economy and also the way things are looking at the police here at this present moment. the biggest gain for russia is that it will never be subject to discrimination according to the rules so anybody that. wants for example to impose a protectionist measure of something that would impede russian products into the territory they will have to follow the rules and that was not the case before and you could see unilateral action for example being adopted against russia not any more any unilateral action or any of this commitment or your action against russia would possibly be to dispute settlement and eventually sanctions against this country imposing so i believe that. russia has had

a lot to gain in joining and will be one of the major beneficiaries of this system you know there's a question that has been keeping us scratching our hat for a while russia membership for nearly two decades when it then finally took a cooler approach to joining but it was then accepted even though nothing really had changed in russia's economy what exactly made it a session possible can explain that to our viewers well it's essentially a negotiation among members and these negotiations take time the reasons why one place. and become right to be concluded vary from case to case in the case of russia it was a lengthy negotiations which were getting. mature enough and the political will think on the part of members and on the part of russia to conclude that political will is a very important element in accession negotiations and it was therefore russia so that i believe was the major key component that allowed the session to be

successfully concluded that there are many requirements from the w t o to be imposed on russia in the coming years what impact will they have on russia the qana me and its people. i can't really tell but i am sure that it will be for the better whether they can have a crisis of two thousand and eight it really starts to global economy at just about every level so what conclusions have been drawn from these traumatic experiences and it has been taken in case the situation repeats itself. well that's precisely the reason why the members of the g. twenty or meeting here in st petersburg that their leaders level it's precisely to avoid that kind of situation from repeating that. as far as the multilateral trading system is concerned i think it proved that it can be effective for example in avoiding protection history in two thousand and eight the fear was that we would have a repeat of what happened in the one nine hundred thirty s. when protect. and this measures were put in place and at the end of the day changed

the scenery completely. for the pression economically across the globe and this time around it didn't happen and i think one of the reasons why you didn't happen was because the doubly to discipline stopped members from introducing overt . protectionist measures here a recent policy change by the american federal reserve so big currency devaluations in many emerging markets as you may know this summer the brazilian ryall went down twenty percent as did the indian rupee and the turkish lira that led to a price hike on imported goods in the goods in this country where does the double stand when problems like this come up. all these problems or frequently occurring. the issue of valuation of currencies or devaluation of currencies is a permanent t. shirt and i think that we have rules into the two which are not perfect for

particularly the issue of currencies but allow members to take action. and when you rate this situation or symmetries that they find from time to time. i think that this is a normal moment because. this is not the first time that we see currencies shifting from or downwards but what it is like federal reserves leads to unrest in those countries with shaking currencies similar to the arab countries to what the arab countries witness when commodities became too expensive when america started its quantitative easing in two thousand and eight great so citizens couldn't afford basics like food and thought it was their government's fault and that triggered the arab spring uprising what's the point of that if not keep some global balance. does not take action by itself ever it is that members that take action. so if members feel that somebody is doing

something which affects their economy or affects their trade capacity then they are perfectly capable of consulting for so they can call the other member explain what their difficulties or try to find the solution mutually satisfactory or they can take the usually to dispute settlement if that's the case but it's up to members to decide what course of action they want to take it's not for the doubly chill to do it by itself the debris field doesn't have any mandate to act by its own will. also age year has been playing playing a crucial role in the world's economy in recent years does it have a similar role within the w t o and can it keep the lead do you think i think it's one of the most dynamic areas of the world the asian markets in apec for example is largely asian it's one of the most important forum for for

discussion i believe that. asia to be one of the main nexus of the world economy the major for one of the major forces in the global governance fora including the cio africa is also another emerging continent in terms of economy what do you see happening there where is the growth going to be and who is going to benefit. well i think the african continent is very diverse that's for sure and there are opportunities for growth there opportunities for investment opportunities for increasing trade across the continent most and most of the times political stability is also a very important factor but not only that it's about creating the conditions to participate better in the world trade flows varies from country to country it's very difficult to talk of africa without looking at the particular city. ration of

each one of the countries that compose it can give you that latin america one of the key issues in your opinion that trouble that continent so i think left in america is well positioned to benefit from more growth i think many key exporters in latin america particularly in terms of commodities. non-royal commodities but also all commodities in some cases like no merica is one of the it is a very mature continent countries are following different paths and those there are more integrated in the world economy those that are more open in participating in the global trade flows are doing quite well just to wrap it up as of that what would you hope to be your biggest achievement and your legacy after you leave the post of double here is director general well i hope i have been doing . trade negotiations for a long time i started working with the w two in one nine hundred ninety seven so

the organization was two years old in during this time i saw the negotiation facing much better days and i hope that we can i could leave the office with it as vibrant as it was before as relevant as it was before negotiating important deals and once again being the table where countries come to to negotiate trade and decision thank you very much for this interview that's all for today our guest here on so when cohen was recognizing that the capital the world trade organization thanks for watching us and we'll see you next time.

unexplored antarctica what is it in this icy expanse that attracts the people who come here. now i only go to the dock. and enter into. a new generation of polar explorers is coming. we have a new group of specialists here now all of them are young how are they going to get along with each other and i don't know. who. i used to be a bureaucrat. seriously. what adventures await in this mysterious land where do they live what do they eat and what are they actually doing in antarctica . the. war is probably the most complex and difficult human activity.

after. not. having the phenomenon of friendly fire probably extends back to the invention of gunpowder. killed a bunch of people you know don't know if they're on their premises are really us people. reading. this some shoots my brother in the leg not intentional because of it because it was night times four in the morning even the best even the belch shoulders. are going to make mistakes this is this whole idea of brotherhood an author. and camaraderie in this sense it was in this context that has absolutely no place.

right from the street. first street. and i think picture. on a reporter's twitter. instagram. could be in the. dramas the truth be ignored. stories others refuse to notice. places change the world right now. so picture of today's news. on demand from around the globe.

look to. leak to part of a u.n. report says its inspectors are certain of chemical weapons use in syria this says russia's foreign minister says the syrian opposition should be made to sit down for peace talks with the government. under fire continues its series of reports from the heart of the syrian all this time our correspondent joined syrian troops dodging sniper fire to mask a sub. and it sort of feel that the u.s. national security agency is keeping a close watch on international financial operations monitoring banking transactions of customers worldwide.