it's a fine professional well it's true that it's a fine job but it's also tough. cycle freddo doesn't consider himself a child exploiter this boss of a small family business feels at the current crisis leaves him with no choice. i used to have three employees then little by little because of the rise in taxes an increase in fuel prices i ran into difficulties and had to let them all go and. of course one of the advantages of having these boys working here is that i save a bit an expensive. but i have to say i'm still the one who ends up working the most since my sales are plummeting i'm forced to count on the kids. what i'm telling you if sales increased i'd immediately get a qualified worker who could lighten my load a little. here you are senora have a great day. how many italian small business owners are taking advantage of this

cheap labor force. according to recent estimates there are sixty thousand kids working in the naples region today. and the state what's the italian government doing about it. this is the headquarters of the labor inspection agency for companions. the director doesn't know the camera is already running he admits straight away but he's powerless. you see my figures on the control of under age workers are pathetic figures should reflect what we're doing about it but they're too weak look here in two thousand and eleven we only did controls on forty eight miners so you're going to tell us all about it now. you know i don't want to talk about it. i do want to talk about is the phenomenon of child labor in general in this city. you know about our active. in the region in general but i

don't want to give statistic. because only inspection level you know how to explain to my minister who watched the interview why i've only done forty eight checks on miners. in a city like maples forty checks last year that's hardly any and this year the have only been nineteen. asking which districts there is children working you know where . basically we know them all. of the zone around the one six seven roads also. so if you know them and it wasn't hard for me to find them what are you waiting for i have only two hundred days a year of inspection per inspector multiplied by a hundred inspectors that's only twenty thousand days of inspections per year bearing that in mind you can see i can't just focus on only one problem twenty

thousand days a year in a region with twelve million inhabitants in naples the labor inspection agency doesn't have the means to make the fight against child labor it's priority. at the university of salerno a researcher has been analyzing the economic policies that have been adopted since the beginning of the crisis and according to him the government has let this happen fully aware of the cause. and one of the ways in which the italian economy has responded to the crisis. has been to allow illegal work in the black market to increase. and our politicians in recent years have maintained this idea that a large part of the economy of the labor market. was a black market. and you must understand this work is not supply. i'm not an extra layer. force. absolutely necessary for the

survival of small to mid-sized italian companies. child labor has therefore become indispensable for the survival of crisis stricken italy. but at the other end of europe the crisis is biting too and everyone is doing their best to fight it in their own way. great britain prime minister david cameron has a radical take on social welfare and that's the interaction of the benefits system with the choices people make about having a family i already talked about how many people have to think very carefully about whether they can afford to have children and how many they can afford to have since the crisis the british government has had one priority budgetary cuts the order of the day to end the benefits culture everyone back to work gone are the days when

doing nothing was a long option a choice under labor that someone was free to make to ponder whether to work or not to work well from now on the message is clear you must work and if you won't work with us to find that work you will lose your benefit. these british ministers seem convinced that lots of british people don't want to work and yet in the middle of the crisis there are people who don't think of anything else the trouble is sometimes their children. a middle sized town in the midlands. michael is fifteen his mother is unemployed so for the past few months he's been doing the milk round with his grandfather the milk deliveries the tradition in england.

get some extra money help around the house and. make some weekend. ground symbolise work opportunities for youngsters in england this job is permitted from the age of thirteen. but with a maximum of seventeen hours a week. michael works eight hours a day three nights a week clearly over the authorized limit. is quite hard. to do. and then my. sleep to fall is really tiring as well. to keep up michael drinks for energy drinks a night however his salary is low qaeda. who. seems. to know. about. good my

wife. is. not very good morning there's a lot better than nothing ever goes on strike. threats. do good room good it's good experience. none of my friends work. that parents can afford to keep giving them money to go if they want to and. i feel it's pretty unfair on me. for. side to do it. michael started at nine pm he gets home just before dawn. you. know so you finish school.

so you later. time is. five o'clock. two hours and i'll be waking up for school. six i was at school now quinoa again and now i will wake up and be able to get sleep. and then. hopeful to sleep at school like i did last time. michael's mother levy has had a serious car accident she's been unable to walk without crutches ever since lee never wanted to give up work but she was made redundant last january and she lives

off barely four hundred fifty euros a month in this small house. same as last time. michael is in year eleven but at fifteen years of age he risks having to give up everything to take the pressure off his mom a former middle manager in a hospital lee used to make a good living now she's ashamed to send her son now to work especially since she knows it's illegal. knight seth young there is legislation around of his there in the davis legislation around his and set around young people way cool and nice if the number so. we would probably be in trouble. if it was found where can.

those hours i'm not sure what the options are or would be if the authorities discovered that michael worked so much lea would risk having a benefits cut off losing custody of her son. i think i've always been dismissive of people not waking in and things before because i think people have a life choice. those choices. perhaps now looking back and recognized. very little kitty their markets were to have been there and have to be nothing and accept him and dealing with that. possibility.

lee and michael live in yorkshire but the heart of traditional england the coal mines then the big chemicals industry used to guarantee the prosperity of local people today one third of the region's taxpayers penniless. bilton its people apparently wealthy. it's expensive houses and for sale signs in this market district on the outskirts of don't cast there's evidence of the crisis every twenty metres. this house isn't for sale but it is mortgaged and the shooter family fighting not to be evicted. this is joel father nigel and his partner kelly. a two hundred me to a big garden which are remnants of the past once upon

a time nigel was a successful man. in twenty years he went from nothing to directing a flourishing small company. the crisis cancelled out an entire lifetime's work when the banking crisis hit in two thousand and eight because of my experience at my age. twenty four months keep head down you know they'll all be over twenty four months you know twenty. days so you think i'll do another year now what changes twenty twelve now nearly over you know what change so christmas he's comin you know in the next year and it's just that daily grind which is. you know if you're looking at five or ten years in austerity. i don't mind working out of which out all my life would do him

fry him and i will get up every day and would pull. when i don't even get a day or a weekend it's you know it's it's twelve. over . did you know the price is the only industry specifically mentioned in the constitution and. that's because a free and open press is critical to our democracy shrek albus. role. in fact the single biggest threat facing our nation today is the quote for the takeover of our government and across several we've been hijacked trying handful of transnational corporations that will profit by destroying what our founding fathers one school class i'm sorry mark and on this show we reveal the big picture of what's actually going on in the world to go beyond identifying the problem trucks

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nigel's small garden center everyone pitches in. even his son joel. you. know it's one thing when. five years ago. when the recession album company went bust it we with. he couldn't afford to pay for everything. nigel has led three employees go and joel has been working thirty hours a week ever since on top of school. seven pm after closing up the gun center the family is still busy the shooters regularly organize auctions extra work in order to help make ends meet.

but jol is hesitating at fifteen should he carry on working. full time it's not an easy choice especially when the decision could make things even tougher for his family i wanted to go to six. obviously if i went to six going to make it. and hard for kelly because obviously i'll be there five days a week and i don't think it's normal that people my age the responsibility of things like this. which from my from my view it's quite a benefit from a because obviously being able to start your own age it gets me yes me so. i'm doing it for myself. once again joel's putting his back into it it's midnight and he's still loading things into the car boot you know it makes a very large. it's a morrow morning joe's dance lessons at state for.

twenty five days. since you know twelve year old kids used to work you know hundred years ago but not anymore but again. they used to do it years ago to support the families and now we're back almost a full circle game but it's a way. we wanted to talk to the mayor of dunk a story about this alarming situation. that. they're the first to refuse to answer all questions next to local m.p.

and finally the minister for work in duncan smith. turned down our request for an interview. only one british academic will publicly criticize politicians under certain section of british society for looking away from the problem. people talk about the because it's very embarrassing. at the extreme poverty lots of very embarrassing things driving the current management cuts is the feeling amongst government that they need to look tough so that people who have money to move around a g.o.p. revive the well will keep leaving their money and with no investing money in britain because they in the british government is tough. it isn't just great britain in fact new european country is taking action against child labor so who in europe has the wherewithal to fight against this phenomenon. we went to us the european council

a political organization with the mission of assuring human rights and democracy within the european union. we show extracts from our filming to the human rights commission an. interesting way he now seems to discover the severity of the problem i think it's far more widespread than we realise it's. like when done some good work. many people think human rights violations are something that happened elsewhere and not in their own country and that they're not they're not ready to look at who are the most vulnerable and most at risk groups within their own societies we like to think that we we are very developed we have the european social model we have welfare systems we have functioning states and by global standards we are not that. europe thought it was a child labor. because its conception it is not a solid body of legislation to protect children's rights and not very concrete ways

that you can use the european legislation to force countries. where n.g.o.s bar associations. individual activists have realized this will take a long time to go through all of the domestic remedies and then to the european court of human rights but once there is a judgment. that will be very hard for the saudis to ignore completely when there is a violation of european directives you can also fire the country for like oh yes you can send a commission the european commission is not very active in taking its member states before the european court of justice because european court of justice imposes very large fines on companies and member states and so on the trust legislation and so on but it has not really done this on many human rights issues. the message is clear politically speaking europe doesn't have the will or desire to

make sure member states respect a fundamental right the right to a childhood. when autumn arrives in the fall garion village of river that will get to know her and her parents are back at work on the last stage after the harvest packing the dried tobacco. to be are you happy. has she been working hard. not really. they're only interested in money these kids and who have visited the tobacco for you this year put it. into what else in the world yes i'm satisfied they do work hard they listen to me they do what they're told and they also study. just like the gustav's the whole village is getting ready for the big tobacco sale.

so when do the buyers arrive we have to bring our tobacco to a designated area. then it's they are the ones who decide they organize the sale. they fix the price oh yes in half an hour and isn't it possible to negotiate no. i don't think the price for tobacco is fair but it depends on the buyer. anyhow the prices in bulgaria are always low because there aren't any subsidies anymore for. a few kilometers from the sale has already begun. one of the main buyers here is. a tobacco multinational. each producer brings his harvest and awaits the verdict how much per kilo many cows at this so can you tell me what the lowest and highest

price would be. so how much i can say. it's all relative. if this worker has refused it's because the prices are very low from two fifty to four euros per kilo. gary and tobacco is the cheapest in the european union do you work together as a family with the children yes the whole family my wife and children it's our only source of income how many children do you have so i have two children in my village all the children in the fields nevertheless a so-called employee says the opposite. it's. look it's written here guaranteed not to have used child labor that's. now after all any large child labor is forbidden in our company in summer our inspectors surveyed the fields and they make sure there are no children in the fields. it's forbidden to

send children to work it's a company priority it's inadmissible. should therefore have inspectors on the lookout throughout the area. but they made only warn parents to stop sending the children into the fields. do they sometimes go back. sometimes they don't go back. because our producers the ones we work with they don't use children . we never came across one inspector finally people change their story big bird if you have a forehead tear field you need a lot of people so obviously that's going to include children otherwise the yield would be smaller. yes yes they do help those kids but the important point is that they're not treated badly. just that it's not forced labor . end up admitting the children are working in the fields

so who is going to buy up to back up. what types of cigarettes to produce tobacco for people much variance. for. the future we mainly produce for philip morris. he's the principal buyer. so the tobacco produced by children ends up in cigarettes which belong to philip morris in packets of chesterfield merit among other brands which is sold on the global market. on his website however philip morris claims we do not tolerate the illegal employment of children and we do not tolerate forced labor so we called philip morris to. find out if he was aware of these abuses i'd like to ask you two questions the first one is are you aware of what's happening in bulgaria with so good that using title and if you are. the second one is

if you're not aware what are you going to do about it. my and. what this communications representative tries to tell us is that philip morris is financing a foundation against child labor the e.c. l.t. yet the e.c.l. t. is completely financed by tobacco industrialists. and while the e.c.l. t. foundation runs its costly programs targeting child labor some of its members continue to have children work in their fields. in the end philip morris got back to us by email. they read directed us to their

website and their statements of good intentions. england italy but also spain portugal greece and europe there are no longer any countries shielded from child labor just how low are we prepared to sink in order to dig out of the crisis. giovanni dreams of his father will work as a pizza maker again. is carrying on working in the bakery. michael would like to join the british police force. joel has just decided to go to technical college to train as an electrician. can see herself as a primary school. teacher in her home tone. than a. former.

teacher. it was a terrible day and very hard to take up. arms against. the clock that never had sex with the perfect there was. a little. bit.

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